PRICE  25  CENTS 


E.M.KNOX,- PUBLISHER, 
212  BROADWAY,  N.Y. 


i£x  ICtbri0 


SEYMOUR  DURST 


"When  you  leave,  please  leave  this  book 

Because  it  has  been  said 
"Ever'thing  comes  t'  him  who  waits 

Except  a  loaned  book." 


■ski 


Avery  Architectural  and  Fine  Arts  Library 
Gift  of  Seymour  B.  Durst  Old  York  Library 


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NEW  YORK 

NAURIE-EME.S  PUBLISHER 

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21 


NEW  YORK  AND  ITS  SURROUNDINGS. 

n  attempt  will  be  made  in  this  little  volume  to  remove  some 
A  of  the  obstacles  in  the  way  of  the  stranger  who  visits  this 
G3  city  for  the  lirst  time  on  his  way  to  the  World's  Columbian 
Exposition  at  Chicago.  The  writer  and  his  collaborator  are 
aware  that  many  important  questions  will  present  themselves  to 
the  reader  who  picks  up  this  hook  for  the  lirst  time,  and  that  he 
will  desire  to  have  them  answered  at  once.  If,  however,  he  will 
read  the  following  pages  carefullv.  his  knowledge  of  this  city  will 
beat  the  least  e.,ual  to  that,  of  the  majority  of  people  who  have 
lived  here  for  vears  and  have  had  their  informat  ion  hammered 
into  them  by  repeated  "Tacks"  through  this  sea  of  modern  com- 
merce and  linance. 

Let  us  assume  for  example  that  a  person  from  a  foreign 
countrvis  about  to  land  on  Manhattan  Island,  which  is  by  far 
the  most  importanl  section  of  the  United  States.  His  bagage, 
whether  he  be  a  native  or  foreigner  is  subject  to  inspection  at 
the  wharf  bv  the  <  'ustom  House  officials. 

Tlis  ord'inarv  wearing  apparel  and  other  personal  property 
befitting  his  position  in  society  is  admitted  duty  tree.  Duty  will 
be  charged  on  all  new  clothing,  and  on  valuables,  new  or  old, 


NIJEVA  YORK  Y  SUS  ALREDEDORES. 

Procuraremos  ananar  en  este  librito  algunos  dc  los  obstacu- 
los  quo  salon  a  I  encuentro  del  forastero  que  visito  por  priraera 
vez  esta  ciudad  en  camino  do  la  Exposici6n  Internaeional  de 
Chicago.  Kl  que  esto  escribe  y  su  colahorador.  sabm  quo  al 
lector' en  cuyas  manos  caiga  este  libro  le  a?altaran  muchas 
dudas  (pie  de'seara  ver  adaradas  sin  tardan/.a.  Enterese,  pues, 
deloque  sigue'y  llegara  a  conocer  esta  ciudad  tanto  por  lo 
men  OS  corao  la  niavoria  do  los  que  han  vivido  anos  en  ella  y 
aprendierou  sus  d-rrotas  y  sus  escollos  ;'i  fuerza  de  repetidas 
bordadas  en  este  pi.'lago  inmenso  del  comercio  y  de  la  Banca. 

Partamos  de  la  suposicion  de  que  un  viajero  procedente  de 
tiorras  extrafias,  esta  a  punto  de  desembarcar  en  laisla  Manhat- 
tan (Xucva  York).  M"(>  siu  disputa,  lo  nnis  importante  de  los 
Kstados  lT:iidos.  Ext  ranjero  o  hijo  del  pais,  mi  equipaje  sei\'. 
sometido  a  un  registro  en  el  muello  por  los  empleados  do  la 
aduami.  Se  le  permitira  la  entrada  libro  de  sus  ropas  ordinariaa 
y  dermis  efectos  de  uso  personal  adecuados  a  su  posioi6n  en  la 
socio. lad.  A  las  prendas  sin  usar  y  arti'culos  de  valor  nuevos  o 
vie.ios  que  no  liavan  de  usarse  por  la  persona  se  les  impondra  un 
derecho.   Es  probable  que«la  mayor  parte  do  los  viajeros  que 


not  intended  for  personal  use.  Nearly  all  visitors  to  this  city 
will  have  selected  some  hotel  from  their  guide  books,  when  not 
going  to  the  hospitable  house  of  some  friend,  where  they  may 
remain  temporarily  until  they  make  more  permanent  arrange- 
ments. There  will  be  found  quantities  of  cabs  and  carriages  at 
the  wharves,  that  may  be  secured  to  convey  rthe  traveler  to  his 
destination.  It  is  desirable  to  make  verbal  agreemets  with  coach- 
men before  leaving  the  pier,  but  when  this  is  impossible,  it  is 
necessary  to  know  that  the  rate  for  cabs  carrying  one  or  two  per- 
sons is  50  cents  for  the  first  mile  or  fraction  thereof  and  25  cents 
for  each  additional  mile  or  fraction  of  the  same.  Coaches  drawn 
by  two  horses,  carrying  not  more  than  four  persons  cost  $1 
for  the  first  mile  or  portion  and  forty  cents  for  each  aditional 
mile.  The  driver  of  each  cab  or  coach  is  compelled  to  carry 
in  his  vehicle  one  piece  of  baggage  not  exceeding  fifty  pounds 
in  weight,  but  is  entitled  to  an  extra  compensation  of  twenty 
five  cents  for  each  other  piece  so  carried.  Children  under  eight 
years  of  age  are  carried  free  when  accompanied  by  their 
parents  or  guardians.  When  a  cab  is  called,  all  baggage  larger 
than  a  steamer  trunk  should  be  sent  to  its  destination  by  a 
local  express  company  whose  agents  will  be  at  the  pier  properly 
uniformed  and  wearing  badges.  Visitors  should  invariably 
appeal  to  the  officers  of  the  vessel  for  information  upon  dis- 
puted points.    Those  who  do  not  desire  to  travel  in  carriages 


aqui  llegan  hayan  consultado  previamente  alguna  Guia  y  elegi- 
do  un  hotel,  k  no  ser  que  vengan  a  alojarse  en  la  morada  hospi- 
talaria  de  algun  amigo  hasta  encontrar  residencia  definitiva. 
En  los  muelles  se  hallaran  carruajes  y  otros  vehiculos  de  alqui- 
ler,  que  el  viajero  podra  aprovechar  para  encaminarse  al  lugar 
de  su  destine  Conviene  ajustar  el  precio  con  el  cochero  antes 
de  salir  del  muelle,  mas  si  esto  do  fuese  posible  sera  menester 
saber  que  el  tipo  fijado  para  los  coches  de  punto,  que  conduzcan 
una  6  dos  personas,  es  de  50  centavos  por  la  primera  niilla  6 
fraccion  de  la  misma,  y  25  centavos  por  cada  milla  adicional  6 
fraccion.  Los  coches  con  tronco  de  dos  caballos  que  no  lleven 
mas  de  cuatro  personas  cuestan  $1  por  la  primera  milla  6  menos 
y  cuarenta  centavos  por  cada  milla  adicional.  El  cochero  tiene 
la  obligacion  de  llevar  en  su  vehiculo  itn  bulto  de  equipaje  que 
no  pese  mas  de  50  libras,  pero  tiene  derecho  a  una  compensa- 
cion  adicional  de  25  centavos  por  cada  otro  bulto  que  conduzea. 
Los  ninos  de  menos  de  ocho  ahos  de  edad  no  pagan  nada  si  van 
acompanando  a  sus  padres  6  guardianes.  Los  bultos  mayores 
que  un  baul  ordinario  de  viaje  deben  enviarse  a  su  destino  por 
una  compahia  de  expresos  de  la  ciudad,  cuyos^  agentes  unifor- 
mados  y  con  sus  insignias  distintivas,  se  hallaran  en  el  muelle. 
Siempre  que  se  sus  sit  e  alguna  duda  6  disputa,  los  viajeros  deben 
acudir  k  los  oficiales  del  buque  en  demanda  de  informes 

Los  que  no  deseen  viajar  en  coche  pueden  tomar  el  tranvia. 


may  take  the  street  cars  or  the  elevated  railroads  that  ran  near 
the  wharves  and  this  will  be  pointed  out  by  any  policeman. 
Beginning  at  the  Batterv.  as  the  Southern  extremity  ot  Man- 
hattan Island  is  called,  four  great  elevated  railway  lines  run 
freouent  trains  north  and  south,  day  and  night.  The  fare  is  5 
cents  for  the  whole  distance.  Tickets  may  be  bought  on  reach- 
ing the  stations  and  must  be  placed  in  the  box  at  the  gate  on 
entering  the  cars,  and  this  tickets  are  good  on  all  the  different 
elevated  railways.  .  , 

There  is  hardly  a  foreign  government  that  is  not  represented 
here  bv  a  Consul-general  or  Consular  agents.  When  in  doubt 
about  "any  important  matter,  the  visitor  from  abroad  should 
■api.lv  to  one  of  the  following  alphabetical  list  of  Consular  offi- 
cial^' Argentine  Republic,  Carlos  Carranza,  60  \\  all  Street; 
Belgium.  Charh-s  Male,  329  Broadway:  Bolivia  MelchorObarrio, 
126  Liberty  St;  Brazil,  Antonio  A.  do  Castilho,  22  State  St.; 
Chile.  Federico  A.  Bet-Ian,  liiCortlandt  St.;  Colombia.  Chmaco 
Calderon,  24  State  St.;  Costa  Rica,  Charles  R.  Flint,  142  1  earl 
St  ;  Dominican  Republic,  F.  L.  Yasquez,  31  Broadway;  Ecuador, 
Juan  G  Sanchez,  51  Libertv  St.;  France,  Paul  d'Abzac,  4  Bowling 
Green:  Great  Britain.  William  Lane  Booker,  24  State  Sr.:  ( Juate- 
mala,  G.  Garcha,  10  Old  Slip;  Hawaiian  Islands,  Ehsha  H.  Allen, 
W  Leonard  St.  Havti,  John  Houstedt,  101  Pearl  St.;  Hondu- 
ras; Jacob  Baiz,  102  Front  St.:  Mexico,  Juan  N.  Navarro,  3o 


6  los  ferrocarriles  elevados  mas  inmediatos  a.  los  muelles.  Cual- 
quierpolicia  se  los  indicara-  al  viajero.  Hay  cuatro  grandes 
Kneas  de  ferrocarriles  elevados,  que  arrancan  de  la  Bateria— asl 
se  llama  la  extremidad  Sur  de  la  Isla  Manhattan,  ISueva  lork— 
v  en  los  cuales  corren  noche  y  dia  frecuentes  trenes  con  direc- 
ci6n  Norte  y  Sur.  El  precio  del  pasaje  por  todo  el  trayecto  es 
de  cinco  centavos.  Los  billetes,  que  se  venden  en  todas  las  es- 
taciones,  se  depositaran,  antes  de  tomar  el  tren,  en  una  eaja  de 
Crista!  que  hay  a  la  entrada  del  anden  y  sirven  para  todas  las 
lineas  del  elevado.  , 

Casi  todos  los  gobiernos  extranjeros  estan  representados  en 
esta  ciudad  por  Consules  Generales  6  Agentes  Consulares,  a 
nuienesen  cualquier  perplejidad  de  importance  pueden  con- 
sultar  los  viaieros  de  los  respectivos  paises,  ateniendose  a  la  si- 
guiente  lista  alfabetica:  Argentina,  don  Carlos  Carranza,  o> 
Wall  Street;  Belgiea,  Charles  Male,  329  Broadway;  Bolivia, 
Mek-hor  Obarrie,  126  Liberty  Street;  Brasil,  Antonio  A.  do  Cas 
tilho,  22  State  Street;  Chile,  Fedrico  A.  Beelan,  lo  Cortlandt 
Street  ;  Colombia,  Climaco  Calder6n,  24  State  Street;  Costa  Ri- 
ca, Charles  R.  Flint,  142  Pearl  Street;  Ecuador,  Juan  G.  SAii- 
chez,  31  Liberty  Street;  Espaha,  Arturo  Baldasano,  30  Broad- 
way  Fraucia,  Paul  d'Abzac,  4  Bowling  Green;  Gran  Bre- 
taha,  Wm.  Lane  Booker,  24  State  Street;  Guatemala 
Garcha,  10  Old  Slip;  Hawaii,  Elisha  H.  Allen,  51  Leonard  St.. 


24 


Broadway;  Nicaragua,  Alex.  I.  Cotheal,  76  Beaver  St.;  Pern, 
Juan  Quintana,  25  Whitehall  St.;  Portugal,  Barao  d'Almeirar 
148  Pearl  St.;  Salvador,  Federico  Barueh,  102  Chambers  St., 
Spain,  Arturo  Baldasano,  30  Broadway;  Uruguay,  Enrique  M. 
Estrazulas,  120  Front  St.;  Venezuela,  A.  Eivero  Saldina,  18 
Broadway. 

New  York  is  facile  princeps  among  all  the  cities  ol  the  world 
in  the  extent  and  sumptuousness  of  its  hotel  accomodations. 
The  parlors,  reception  and  dining  rooms  of  many  of  the  leading 
ones  are  decorated  in  the  most  gorgeous  fashion.  Their  offices 
are  regular  bureaus  of  information,  and  the  visitor  may  safely 
place  his  happiness  in  the  hands  of  his  host.  The  following  list 
contains  the  names  of  many  of  the  principal  hotels  conducted  on 
the  European  plan,  with  their  minimum  daily  rates:  Astor 
House,  Broadway  and  Vesey  St.,  $1;  Breevort  House,  11  Fifth 
Ave.,  $2;  Buckingham,  5th  Ave.  and  50th  St.,  $1;  Gedney  House, 
Broadway  and  40th  St.,  $1;  Gilsey  House,  Broadway  and*29th  St., 
$2;  Grand  Union,  Park  Ave.  and  42d  St.,  $1;  Hoffman  House, 
1.111  Broadwav,  $2;  Holland  House,  5th  Ave.  and 30th  St ,  $2.50; 
Hotel  de  Logerot,  126  5th  Ave.,  $4;  Hotel  Martin,  17  University 
Place,  $1.25;  Hotel  Normandie,  Broadway  and  38th  St.,  $1;  Mor- 
ton House,  Broadway  and  14th  St.,  $1;  St.  Denis,  Broadway  and 
11th  St.,  $1.50;  Union  Square  and  Hotel  Dam,  18  Union  Square, 
cor.  East  15th  St.,  $1 


Haiti,  John  Haustedt,  101  Pearl  Street;  Honduras,  Jacobo  Baiz? 
102  Front  Street ;  Mexico,  J  uan  N.  Navarro,  35  Broadway;  Ni- 
caragua, Alex.  I.  Cotheal,  76  Beaver  Street ;  Peru,  Juan  Quinta- 
na,  25  Whitehall  Street ;  Portugal,  Barao  d'Almeirim,  148  Pearl 
Street;  Salvador,  Federico  Barueh,  102  Chambers  Street ;  Santo 
Domingo,  F.  L.  Vasquez,  31  Broadway;  Uruguay^  Enrique  M. 
Estrazulas,  120  Front  Street ;  Venezuela,  A.  Rivero  Saldiha,  18 
Broadway. 

Nueva  York  es  la  reina  indisputable  del  mundo  por  el  nu- 
mero  y  suntuosidad  de  sus  hoteles.  Los  salones,  salas  de  recep- 
cion  y  comedores  de  los  principales  e%tandispuestos  y  decorados 
con  el  mayor  lujo.  Sus  oficinas  son  verdaderos  centros  de  in- 
formes  y  notieias  y  el  viajero  puede  entregarse  confiadamente 
en  manos  de  su  hospedador.  A  eontinuaeion  se  hallara  una  lista 
de  los  principales  hoteles  dirigidos  al  estilo  europeo — hospedaje 
sin  comida — y  de  sus  precios  minimos : 

Astor  House,  Broadway  y  Vesey  Street,  $1;  Brevoort  House, 
11  Quinta  Avenida,  $2;  Buckingham,  Quinta  Avenida  y  calle 
50%  $1 ;  Gedney  House,  Broadway  y  calle  40?,  $1 ;  Gilsey  House, 
Broadway  y  calle  2i)*,  $2;  Grand  Union,  Park  Avenue  y  calle  42?, 
$1;  Hoffman  House,  1,111  Broadway,  $2;  Holland  House,  Quin- 
ta Avenida  y  calle  30'?,  $2.50;  Hotel  Logerot,  126  Quinta  Aveni- 
da, $4;  Hotel  Martin,  17  University  Place,  $1.25;  Hotel  Nor- 
mandie, Broadway  y  calle  f8?,  $1 ;  Morton  House,  Broadway  j 


The  following  hotels,  include  both  board  and  lodging -in  their 
daily  r^tos lldand,  4t  u  A  ve.  and  l*th  St *  2;  Belvedere  4th 
W  md  is  St..  *3;  Broadway  Central,  0/  L  Broadway,  t2.o0 
r<  m  i  de  72<i  P>n,adwav,  *2;  Hotel  Brunswick ;>th  Av,.  and 
06th  S t  *i.50;  Hotel  America,  (the  leading  Spanish  House 
Irvinff  Plato  and  loth  St.,  $2-50,  (rooms  only,  $1  ajay:lM 
Glenham  155  5th  Av...  *'2.50;  Hotel  Hungana,  14th  St  and 
Union  Square.  *2.50;  Hotel  AlarlWnugh 1  ^ 
$3.50;  Hotel  Savoy,6th  Ave.  and  50th  St.,  +4;  Plaza  Hotel,  5^ 
Ave  and  5<»th  St.  Hotel  Vendome,  Broadway  aiuUlst  St.,  $3  50, 
Hotel "Va  dorf,  •  th  Ave.  and  33d  St.,  and  Murray  I  till  Hotel 
r>    l    a  Ji  t  Si     +4-  I' irk  Avenue  Hotel,  Park  Ave.  and 

s^::i:"  n!  stu^nui:;,,^.  u«,ri«,  Fifth 

r  i       l  \lh  Vv(1  .,„d  23d  St.,  *5:  Westminster  Hotel,  lit) 

ElsTlOth  St *3  Win-  Hotel.  5th  Ave  and_4Gth  St.,  $5; 
Tre  (!erlach,  55  West  27th  St.,  $4;  Victoria  Hotel,  5th  Ave.  and 

New Yott  is  a  city  of  hotels,  it  is  also  noted  for  Us  boarding 
houses  whirh  abound  in  its  cross  streets  trom  hth  to  42d  Sts 
1        „;t  .   .u  :M  a„d  9th  avannes.    The  rates  for  board,  includ- 


calle  14?,  $1;  St.  Dennis,  Broadway  y  calle  11?,  ^\^^ 
Square  y  Hotel  Dam,  18  Union  Square,  esquina  de  la  calle 

"L'shotelesqueseexpresan  ^  continuaeion  mcluyen  en  su 
lista  de  precios  por  dfa  el  hospedajo  y  la  conr.da    Ashland  4 
Vvenida  v  calle  24?,  *2;  Belvedere,  Cuarta  Avemda  y  calle  IS  , 
i  .1        :1     v  Central,  .171   Broadway.  *'2.r»0 ;  Colonnade  ,26 
Broad  -iv  .*•»  •  Hotel  Brunswick,  Cminta  Avemda  y  calle  2b?, 
*4  50    Hoi,!  Ann,ica,-ol  p  incipal  de  los  o^^I^ 
Place  v  calle  15"  S2.50— hablteoi6D  sin  comida  {I  diauo-,  H.0 
el    lenl  a       55  < >uinta  A  venida,  82.50  ;  Hotel  Hungana,  calle 
uVy  Union  Square,  $2.50  j   Hotel  Marlborough,  1  roadway ^y 
pnllH-ifr'  +3  50-  Hotel  Savov,  (>uinta  Avemda  y  calle  ./J  ,  +4, 
Plaza  Hotel     hu    a  Av,nida  v  calle  50-  Hotel  Vendome,  F.road- 
STyZay  calle if)  f,:-:  Hotel  Waldo,,,  ^uinta  Avemda  y  jj 
33«  v  Murray  Hill  Hotel,  Park  Avenue  y  calle  41?,  $4  ,  Park 
Avenue  Hotel,  Park  Avenue  y  calle  32?,  * J.oO ;  ^turtevant 
House,  1  ISO  Broadway.  $2.50  :  Fifth  Avenm^  I  lo,,d  .>    Av,;n,  a 
y  calle  23?.  $5;  West  minster  Hotel,  119  al  ^"^l1".1^^ 
Windsor  Hotel,  <tMiinta  A^mday  eal  e  4       $o   J  he  Uerla  i 
55  al  Oeste  calle  27?,  $4 ;  Victoria  Hotel,  Quinta  Avemda  y  calle 

*'  BiNueva  York  es  una  cindad  de  hoteles 

gue  por  sus  casas  de  huespodes  que  abundan  en  las  calles  ttana 


27 


oath*  housos  „«„  .Wl all  pam  of  tho  -U.V  « 

Cabk's    ™     in'  un.i  .'in-  St.:  (W-  Kuv,jri...  120  Bn.ulway 

,'ohnnlna,  4*  hast     1  ,  s       M I  .„„,  4:!S  ml,  Av,-.: 

Moquh.  s  ,    roueh  .  1     1       J"  *     -  OA..  133  5th  Av,,. 

M„n  llo  s  1 1  i.ha.O.  4  \\  .  ..it  ,  M  i  i.n  _  ivsidos  tlii'so 

Cato  Logeling  (Germa.  ■  ,  (V  '  ,s,.  m.n.ts  when,  a  fairly 
tl.c-o  jir.'  ...any  I  aha  ,  '        '  "-         (<  wim.  ;m.n„Ual.  Those 

^ZXZm^  C»  « * «><•  *•  

;'i"l"l'"S-  '*„     I  1-    v  <uol.  as  V7.e  •/•,•;/,«».■.  J/or-ua? 

^^urtr/;^]^:-     a**,  i 

I"'"  ;V'h"  h"  !"  !''';,';  ^"J^X'v'isitor  mav  naturally  desire  to 

por  somana  o^a^"on»-    jg  habitaciones  dobles 

\«%7oar^>elM  haMt^otuirn-HHU-en  vivir  en  una  parte  y 
d  $i?        o\ra  aProveehandose  do  los  excelontes  restaurants 

.40  Fnl ton  St   "0  Ann  St.  y  438  Sexta  Avennla :  Mo.ello  (Italia- 
49  Futon  St     u  -\  v      (italiano)  136  (juinta  Avenida: 

f  -  I  oVoh,    alVn  In  i  -2311  K.  5711.  St..  ot,-.  Hay  .ulon.as  mn.-l.o. 

francos iu.li.no,  hondo ..ued,  ..aocrse  una- 

pension  eon  t'amilias  particulars  es  leer  los  auuncios  ao 


os  «> 

l\Sl  ,fc 


28 


where  he  is  staying.  In  the  latter  case  a  premium  will  be 
charged.  The  person  of  sound  dramatic  taste  will  enjoy  the 
performances  at  Daly's  Theatre,  Broadway  near  30th  Street. 
Miss  Ida  Rehan,  from  whom  N.  G.  Park,  the  sculptor,  secured 
the  meausurement  for  his  model  of  the  Silver  Statue  of  Justice 
to  be  exhibited  in  the  Montana  Exhibit  at  the  World's  Fair,  is 
the  leading  woman  of  Mr.  Daly's  Company.  The  Lyceum 
Theatre,  in  4th  Ave.  near  23rd  street  next  to  The  National 
Academy  of  Design,  is  one  of  the  best  stock  companies  in  New 
York.  No  other  theatre  resembles  the  Lyceum  in  its  interior 
appointments  and  decorations.  It  has  no  family  circle.  There 
are  661  seats.  The  prices  range  from  $2  to  50  cents.  Palmers 
Theatre,  Broadway  and  30th  street,  is  a  leading  play-house 
where  first  class  performances  are  given.  Other  theatres  are: 
Madison  Square,  24th  street  West  of  Broadway;  Harrigan's 
Theatre,  36th  street  near  Sixth  Ave.;  Fifth  Avenue,  Broad way 
and  2*th  street;  Garden,  Madison  Ave.  and  27th,;  Empire. 
Broadway  and  40th  street,;  Columbus,  123th  street  near  Lex- 
ington Ave.;  Casino,  Broadway  and  39th  street,;  Broadway,  41th 
Street  and  Broadway,;  Bijou,  Broadway  near  3lth  street.; 
Grand  Opera  House,  8th  Ave.  and  w3rd  street,;  Harlem  Opera 
House,  125th  street  near  7th  Ave.,  the  largest  and  handsomest 
theatre  in  Harlem,  as  the  northern  part  of  Manhattan  Island  is 
called;  Herrmann's,  Broadway  near  29th  street,;  Manhattan 


clase  en  los  diarios,  tales  como  el  Tribune,  Morning  Advertiser, 
Sun,  Recorder,  Press,  World,  Herxld  y  Tunes,  sobre  todo  en  sus 
ediciones  dominicales. 

Despues  de  cotiseguir  casa  el  viajero  deseara,  naturalmente. 
pasar  la  velada  en  algun  teateo  u  otro  lugar  de  distraccion. 
Para  ello  puede  comprar  los  billetos  en  la  taquilla  del  teatro  6 
en  el  hotel  mismo  en  que  se  hospede.  En  este  ultimo  caso  le 
cobraran  prima,  6  comision.  Las  personas  de  refinado  gusto 
dramatico,  hallaran  de  su  agrado  las  funciones  del  Daily's 
Theatre,  Broadway,  cerca  de  la  calle  30?  La  seriorita 
Ada  Rehan,  a  quien  tomo  por  modelo  el  eseultor  N.  G. 
Park  para  su  estatua  de  plata  de  la  Justicia,  que  se 
se  exhibira  en  la  seccion  de  Montana  de  la  Exposicion  Interna- 
cional,  es  la  primera  actriz  en  la  compama  de  Daily.  El  Lyceum 
Theatre,  situado  en  la  Cuarta  Avenida  cerca  de  la  calle  23*  al 
lado  de  la  Aeademia  Nacional  de  Dibujo,  es  propiedad  de  una 
de  las  mejores  compafrias  de  Nueva  York.  No  hay  teatro  algu- 
no  que  se  parezca  al  Lyceum  en  su  distribucion  interior  y  en  su 
ornato.  Carece  de  galeria  y  tiene  661  asientos.  Los  precios 
varian  desde  $2  a  50  centavos.  El  Palmer's  Theatre  es  uuo  de 
los  principales  en  el  que  se  dan  excelentes  funciones.  Los  de- 
mas  teatros  son  los  de  :  Madison  Square,  calle  24?  al  Oeste  de 
Broadway;  Harrigan,  calle  36?,  cerca  de  la  Sexta  Avenida; 
Fifth  Avenue,  Broadway  y  calle  28?;  Garden,  Madison  Avenue 


29 


Opera  House,  34th  street  near  Broadway.:  Niblo  9,  Broadway 
nTar  Prince  street,  the  oldest  theatre  in  the  ,ity  ox-pi  the 
ESia,formely  the  old  Bowery  Theatre,  at  Bowory  ii.ar  anal 
street  •  Pr.„.t..Vs-j:inl  street,  near  7th  Ave.:  Standard,  bth  Axe. 
iiear33rd  street.:  Star,  Broadway  and  13th  street 

Concerts  of  various  kinds  are  held  at  the  Madison  Square 
Garden:  Carnegie   Mnsie   Hall.  7th  Ave.  and  a<th  street  one  ot 
the  most  sunn>tous  buildings  in  the  eity;  Lenox  [>~^h% 
disonAve.  and  :»!Mh  street:  Ch.ekenn^Hall.  V  itt  h  Am   and  lbt 
street,    Besides  these,  there  an-  numerous ;  y-oncert  halljlik*  tin 
Imperial,  Broadwav  and  *9th  street:  and  Roster  and  BmU,  m 
o     Ut.v,,  West  of  Sixth  Ave.,  when-  Carn.eueUa   lirst  danced 
At  these  Coneert-halls  smoking  and  refreshments  are  allowed 
duri m    ti  e  performanee.    The  ,,rh-e  of  .eats  in  all  these  places 
oranmsement  varies  from  50  cents  to  $2.    Admission  from  S85 

CAfter  becoming  somewhat  familiar  with  his  new  surroundings, 
the  visitor  will  probably  desire  to  take  a  drive  [^'^l^X** 
hisoeetim-  the  nterestin-  parks  and  puhhe  and  pr.vaf  ^udd  ngs 
i-0r\vhicirthis  eity  is  famous.  He  will  not,-  ?n  Ins y  «i;  i fth 
Avenue  to  the  Plaza  where  he  may  enter  Cential  lark  tne 
foil  win-  elul,  houses:  Union.  Fifth  Ave.  and  21st  street,; 
Lotos.  H<>  Fifth  Ave.,  University  M^e.  »nd  26 
street.:  Calumet,  267  Fifth  Ave..:  Manhattan  Club.  1  W.  o4tli 


y  calle  27?  ;  Empire,  Broadway  y  calle  40? :  Columbus,  call*  12j 
•made  Lexington  Avenue:  Casino,  Broadway  y  calle  39?  . 
Broadwav,  called?  y  Broadway;  Bijou,  Broadway,  cerca de  la 
calle  31a  ;  Grand  Opera  House,  Octa^a  Avenida  y  calle  23  , 
Harlem  Opera  House,  calle  125?,  cerca  de  la  Septima  Avenida, 
el  mayor  v  mas  bello  teatro  de  Harlem,  (asi  se  llama  la  par  e 
None  deNueva  York;)  Herrmann,  Broadway,  cerca  de  la  calle 
29°  Manhattan  Opera  House,  calle  34?,  cerca  de  Broadway  ; 
Niblo,  Broadway  cerca  de  la  calle  Prince,  el  jus  antiguo  de  la 
oindad  excepto  el  de  Thalia,  antigoamente  Bowery,  en  el  Bern 
ery  cerca  dePla  calle  Canal;  Proctor,  calle  23*,  cerca  de  a  Op- 
tima Avenida;  Standard,  Sexta  Avenida,  cerca  de  la  calle  33.  , 
Star,  Broadwav  v  calle  13? 

Se  celebraii  eoneiertos  de  diversas  clases  en  el  Madison 
Square  Garden;  Carnegie  Music  Hall,  Septima  Avenida  y  calle 
57»  uno  de  los  edificios  mas  suutuosos  de  la  ciudad  .  Lenos 
Lvceum,  Madison  Avenue  y  calle  d?  :  Chickenng  Hall,  Ouinta 
Avenida  v  ealle  Hay  ademas  numerosos  salones  de  cm  - 

eieros  ,»mo  ,1  l.nper.,  ,  I  headway  y  cake  21;',  y  ko^r  * 
called'  alOestede  la  -Kta  Avenida.  -md-  taut,..  ap!a-i-> 
conquisto  Carmencita.  En  estos  lugares  se  permite  fumar  y  to- 
mar  refrescos  durante  la  f uncidn.  Los  asientos  en  todo*  eiios 
oscilan  desdo  50  eentavos  a  $2,  y  la  entrada  sin  asiento  de  -o  a 
50  eentavos. 


30 


street,;  Knickerbocker,  319  Fifth  Ave.,;  New  York,  Fifth  Ave. 
and  35th  street,;  Century,  7  W.  43rd  street,;  Republican,  450 
Fifth  Ave,.,;  Union  League,  Fifth  Ave.  and 39th  street.  The  New 
York  'Press'  Club  is  the  largest  journalistic  organization  in  this 
country  It  is  in  reality  a  benevolent  association.  Many 
unfortunate  newspapermen  and  their  families  have  been  aided 
by  the  Club's  charity  fund  and  a  number  of  members  have 
i  been  buried  m  the  associations  plot  at  Cypress  Hills.  A  great 
fair  to  complete  this  Club  building  fund  will  be  given  at  Grand 
Central  Palace,  Lexington  Ave.  and  43rd  street  in  May.  The 
visiting  .journalist  will  be  welcomed  at  the  hospitable  home  of 
the  association  No.  HO  Nassau  street,  J.  W.  Keller  is  president. 

Two  great  artificial  channels  furnish  this  city  with  an 
abundance  of  fresh  water.  They  are  the  Croton  and  New 
aqueducts  The  former  was  completed  in  1842;  the  latter  in  1890. 
For  its  water  supply  this  city  has  spent  about  $77,000,000  since 
the  Croton  aqueduct  was  begun,  5  i  years  ago.  During  that  time 
it  has  received  about  '860.000,000  in  water  rents,  Central  Park 
contains  about  840  acres  of  land  and  in  its  development  shows 
the  foresight  of  the  rulers  of  this  city  40  years  ago  who  made  an 
allowance  tor  its  extraordinary  growth.  Scores  of  drivers,  paths 
and  walks  intersect  its  verdant  surface  and  render  all  points 
easily  accessible  by  the  devotees  to  horsemanship  and  pedestrian 
ism.  The  roads  are  about  nine  miles  in  length:  the  bridle  paths 


Ya  un  tanto  famihanzado  con  su  nueva  vida,  el  viajero  de- 
seara  probablemente  tomar  un  coche  para  ver  los  parques  y 
edificios  publicos  y  particulares,  que  hacen  interesante  y  famo- 
sa  4  esta  ciudad.  Al  ascender  por  la  Quinta  Avenida  a  la  plaza 
que  da  entrada  al  Parque  Central,  pasara  ante  los  edificios  de 
los  Clubs  siguientes*  Union.  Quinta  Avenida  y  calle  21?; 
Lotos,  149  Quinta  Avenida,  University,  Avenida  Madison 
y  calle  26? ;  Calumet,  Quinta  Avenida.  numero  267 ;  Manhat- 
tan, numero  1  calle  3-1 H  al  Oeste;  Knickerbocker,  Quinta 
Avenida,  319.  El  NewT  York  Press  Club  es  la  asociaci6n  de  pe- 
riodistas  mas  numerosa  de  este  pais,  y  constituye  realmente 
una  sociedad  benefica.  Todo  periodista  que  visite  el  edi- 
ficio  de  la  Asoeiacion,  situado  en*  la  calle  Nassau  numero  12  \ 
sera  hospitalariamente  recibido.  El  presidente  es  Mr.  J.  w' 
Keller. 

El  Parque  Central  tiene  una  superficie  de  840  acres  y  acre- 
dita  la  prevision  de  los  ediles  que  esta  ciudad  goberuaban  hace 
cuarenta  anos,  quienes  adivinaron  sin  duda  el  crecimiento  ex- 
traordinary que  iba  a  tener  la  poblacion  Numerosos  caminos, 
paseos  y  senderos  cortan  la  verde  alfombra  del  Parque,  hacien- 
do  accesibles  todas  sus  partes  a  los  aficionados  a  la  equitaeion 
y  a  la  marcha.  Sus  caminos  para  carruajes  tienennueve  millas 
de  largo  seis  los  destmados  a  la  equitaeion  y  treinta  los  reser- 
vados  para  los  viandantes.    En  su  vasta  alameda  se  verifican 


31 


sixmil0,  A1,„„,  thirty  mil  ^^ns^tfe^t^ 

large  military  hand  gives  >.  v  i.    «  btlU.  „.„„is 

Mall.    Tb,  ,.rinca~l  ohjoctH  ot  m te. t;^^  ,,„.,  old 

and  cricket  grounds  when  t  ho is  im  i  u.  ho.lt 

enjoy  themselves  i  he         «  «     »  1»      o£  WHtcr.fow,  ,„  „  great 

ssft*  ^  •    a-j  the  Museum  of 

Natural  History.  Sm.tm.,.„  extremity  ol  Manhattan  Island 

Batten  Park  at  the  Sout n  '  of'theeitvs  landmarks 

is  one  of  the  ^«^*^l£?^rtttotrt^**  people 
Fifty  years  a-,  the  h  '^^ .  '  k  at  4ind  street  between 
fronted  on  the  enclosure.  "eome  the  seat  of  the  old 

Fifth  and  Sixth  Ave.mes  1  >  ■  ■  «  P  „,,s,.„t  situation 
City  Hah  which  »  to  he  cmc e t hue  t  ^  „„  m  ry 
i„  City  Hall  1  l]  .  ,     ,inil  Flfth  Ave.,  is   perhaps  the 

Madison  Square,  at  23rd  Btreei  »uu*  owing  to  ts  central 

„„,,,  popular  out  of  door  ga  he  ng  plac .  ow«£  re 
.ocatiou  and  the  c ^'"A'^te  to  fountain  and  beds  of 


todas  ,a»  semanas  conciertos  pm-  -a  ^^^J*™ 
interesaute  del  parque  eslo  siguu  nte    ms  i  f  personas 

de  peiota  «.  .»  y  '^uZ  outpuedel.  vis.taute  surcar  en 

j6ve..es  y  ^^^7jSe2°  eK  veutajosas  condiciones 

r5nhsrMcTn^1np^ye^~,y  «1  M»*.  de 

Kistoiia  Natural.  mtnadoen  la  extreraidad  Sur  de 

El  Parque  de  la  »f f"*'^™^  aSiKuo^  6  importantes 
Nueva  York,  casas  de  las.  personas 

de  la  ciudad.    Hace  c  i  c uem  mmediaciones.  El 

mas  distinguish  lml  ^  .  Sexta. 

Parque  Bryant  oalle  ^  ^ Xrt^tual ]Ulftcio  consisto- 
sera  en  Dreve  el  lugai  aonaesea^  Correos, de  donde  va a  ser 
rial,  que  esta  ahora  frente  ^fccera en  el  una  biblio- 

removido.    Una  v^z  reedi fica do  se  e,  tablece 
teca  publica,  f undajhi  eon  d  legado  d ,        ^  ^  popular  de 
Square.  caUe  23^  liiiinta  Aveniaa  &  gu  Sltua. 

los  lugares  de  reunion  al  ai  e  hbr^  eua  f recuentftU  Union 
Square^caUe  14*  ^Broadway,  es  notalle  por  su  fueute  y  jar- 
dinCpa°ra  reeorrer  en  coehe  el  Parque  Central,  debe  entrarse  por 


33 


-carry  aHs»  that  make  aoompje  te  circuit  of  jheFri*.  Thetoe 

andattenxai.l  ntmii  n  •  v:,.llol.ls  ,.,,,1  Kiversido  Avenues 
Tho  Boulevard  t,  m. 0,  St.  N  ^  ;  - PiU.k>  wllU.u  g,retehe» 
are  populaJ  roads  for  mimng-  h  street  de9erves 


one  of  the  most  P»P< ,'(',! !  sli„m  |Vaeh.  At  the 
ingare  to  he  leun.l  n  1  along    "  guests  are 

eastern  end  of  tho  .slam I  ,s  ho  (      . ul  10,1  .  (Co 

rJOS,ly     permanent     n d  hlRll  t       ' •  -         Pier  A. 

Island,  is  reaele-d  h>' the    , m  s  ;  ■  .'^  v  ,„i,mt,.s;  Sea  Bench 

zv^'is-f^:  

Island  railway  connecting  with  East  *kh  su-eei,  u* 
^Qn^^aycalle 

pueden  ^^^^^n^\%l^ue.  El  precio  per  la 
^ereoo^nlon^mi^ng  aw  Jr augferencia>  que  per. 
carrera  redonda,  lncluyenao  un  d      aste  en  0tro  ve- 

mito  al  viajeroapearsey  legrcwi,  cuan  t  Tambiea 
hiculodelamisma  empresa,ii^  coches  el 

son  muy  frecuentados  por  "oms .J  c*°£lcoUlg  y  de  Riw- 
Boulevard  y  las  ^?m^^^t^nde  deade  la  calle  72?  a 
side.  El  Parqne  Riverside »  W  ff  °d^n^  digno  de  mencion 
la  130-  siguien  o  la  tamba  del  ge- 

especial,  por  hallarse  en n^°/^n^inAtere8011  las  carreras  en 
neral  Grant .    Las  p,rsoi   l^1^  y  alicionadas  a  estr 

-n  sus  glgan,s,>s 

hotelcs  situados  a  la  onl  a  de f         excelentes  opor- 
Toda  la  playa  de iCjnw  W«w  °»e    extremo  Bate  de 
tunidades  para  toraar  banos  de  ola.    En  ei  exi 


34 


Bay  Eidge  ferries.  Starin's  excursion  boats  leave  the  Corrlandt 
street  wharf,  North  River  and  the  Thirty-second  street  pier, 
East  Eiver,  several  times  daily  for  Glen  Island,  another  summer 
resort  on  Long  Island  Sound.  Long  Branch  is  a  fashionable 
bathing  place  in  New  Jersey  about  thirty  miles  south  of  this 
city,  Asbury  Park  and  Ocean  Grove  are  popular  resorts.  No 
spiritous  liquors  are  sold  at  either  place.  Day  excursions  to 
West  Point  and  other  points  on  the  Hudson  or  North  Eiver  are 
popular. 

The  citizens  of  New  York  are  remarkably  fond  of  sports 
and  athletics.  It  might  interest  the  visitor  to  witness  a  ball 
match  between  the  famous  nines  that  meet  on  the  verdant 
diamond  at  the  Polo  Grounds  which  may  be  reached  by  the  trains 
on  the  Sixth  Avenue  elevated  line.  A  number  of  college  games 
will  be  played  there  this  season.  The  final  game  between  Yale 
and  Princeton  will  attract  thousands  of  "academic  citizens." 
No  fewer  than  thirty  yacht  clubs  have  their  houses  and  head- 
quarters in  or  near  this  city.  The  New  York  Yacht  Club's  home 
is  at  67  Madison  Avenue.  This  organization  is  the  present 
holder  of  the  famous  international  challenge  $500  cup,  which 
was  won  by  B.  J.  Batter's  yacht  America  in  1851. 

The  racing  of  thoroughbred  horees,  in  which  so  much 
interest  is  taken,  is  conducted  at  four  tracks  near  this  city  by 
the  following  organizations:  at  Morris  Park,  New  York  Jockey, 


la  Isla  esta  el  Hotel  Oriental,  cuyos  hu^spedes  son  e  i  su  mayor 
parte  permanentes  y  personas  de  buen  tono.  A  West  Brighton, 
Coney  Island,  se  va  por  los  vapores  que  salen  cadaveinte  ininu- 
tos  del  muelle  A  y  del  de  la  calle  23?  al  Oeste  ;  a  Sea  Beach, 
por  la  via  de  Bay  Eidge,»que  esta  en  conexion  con  los  vapores 
que  parten  del  pie  de  la  calle  White  Hall  y  con  varias  lineas  de 
los  ferrocarriles  de  Brooklyn ;  a  Manhattan  Beach,  por  un  ramal 
del  ferrocarril  de  Long:  Island,  en  correspondencia  eon  los 
embarcaderos  de  ia  calle  34?  al  Este,  James  Slip  y  Bay  Eidge. 
Varias  veces  al  dla  los  vapores  excursionistas  de  Starin  salen 
de  los  muelle3  de  la  calle  de  Cortlandt,  rio  del  Norte,  y  de  la 
calle  32'?,  rio  del  Este,  para  Glen  Island,  otro  encantador  lugar 
de  recreo  en  la  bahia  de  Lopg  Island.  Long  Branch  en  Nueva 
Jersey,  treinta  millas  al  Sud  de  esta  ciudad,  es  una  estacion  de 
banos  muy  de  moda,  y  son  aslmismo  puntos  muy  favorecidos 
por  el  publico  Asbury  Park  y  Ocean  Grove. 

Los  neoryorquinos  son  muy  aficionados  al  Sport  y  a  los 
juegos  atl6ticos,  e  indudablemente  of recera  gran  interes  al  visi- 
tante  presenciar  una  partida  de  pelota  entre  los  famosos  nines 
que  se  reunen  en  las  verdes  Uanuras  de  Polo  Grounds,  a  las  que 
se  vapor  el  tren  elevado  de  la  Sexta  Avenida.  En  esta  tempo- 
rada  habra  interesantes  partidas  entre  los  estudiantes  de  diver- 
sos  colegios. 

No  menos  de  treinta  clubs  de  yates  tienen  sus  domicilios  y 


:j,3 


Club;  Sheepshead  Bay,  Coney  Island  Jockey  dub;  Gra\esend 
Brooklvu  Jo?key  Clnb^righton,  Brighton  Beach  Racing  Asso- 
ciation: Th.  New  Jersey  tracks  are  Monmouth  Park  and  those 
S  Lin  en,  Clifton,  Eli/:iWil,  and  Guttemberff.  The  races  at 
Iom?a .Park,  Monmouth  Park,  Sheepshead  Bay  and  Gravesend 
SeTonductcd  by  the  Board  of  Control.  On  these  tracks  the 
great Tttke  races7 are  run,  and  the  thoroughbreds  that  battle  for 
tbe  prizes  are  of  a  much  higher  class  than  thos es e, en  on  the 
smaller  courses.  Tlie  Gravesend  spring  meeting  lasts  for  fifteen 
days  The  .are  from  this  city  is  about  25  cents  and  the  admis- 
sion to  the  racing  grounds  $1.00.  The  New  York  DnmgCM 
is  the  richest  and  strongest  organization  of  the  kind  in  the 
country  In  New  York  the  American  trotting  horse  finds  his 
home  Robert  Bonner  the  owner  of  Maud  8.  and  Sunol  has  his 
stables  in  West  56th  street.  Visitors  may  often  find  these  world 

£amThe  B^rthol^Statae  on  Bedloe's  Island  which  throws  the 
light  of  its  torch  for  miles  is  the  gift  of  our  t  rench  friends 
afross  the  water.  Liberty  stands  151  feet  high  on  a  granite 
pedestal  155  feet  above  ground  A  small  steamer.  inU  toM 
the  visitor  from  the  Battery  wall  to  this  island  and  back  for  2o 
cents.  A  colossal  statue  of  George  Washington  may  be  seen  on 
the  steps  of  the  Sub-Treasury  building  in  *  all  street, ,  New 
York's  financial  center.    Printing  House  Square  the  home  of 


su  cuartel  general  en  esta  ciudad.  El  Club  de  N  ueva  \  ork  esta- 
blecido  en  el  numero  07  de  la  Avenida  Madison,  es  el  quo  en  la 
actualidad  posee  la  famosa  copadel  palenque  internacional,  cuyo 
valor  es  de   $500.  _ 

Las  carreraa  de  caballo  do  pura  raza  quo  tanto  interns  des- 
piertan,  se  verifican  en  cuatro  hipodromos  cerca  de  esta  ciudad 
nor  las  siguientes  organizaciones:   en  Morris  Park,  el  New  1  ork 
Jokey  Club;  en  Sheepshead  Bay,  el  Coney  Island  Jockey  Club, 
en  Gravesend,  el  Brooklyn  Jockey  Club;  y  en  Bngton,  la  Brighton 
Beach  K'a^n-  Asocial  ion.  Los  hipodromos  en  N  ueva  Jersey  son 
el  Monmouth  Park  y  los  de  Linden    Clifton,  Elizabeth  y 
Guttenburgh.    Las  carreras  en  Morris  Park,  Monmouth  1  ark, 
Sheepshead  Bay  y  Gravesend  se  hacen  bajo  los  auspieios  de  la 
Junta  Directiva,  sieudo  en  estos  hipodromos  en  los  que  se  venh- 
can  las  grandes  carreras,  y  los,  caballos  de  pura  sangre  que  en 
ellas  luchan  por  lo  premios  son  de  mucha  mejor  raza  quo  los  que 
toman  parte  en  las  carreras  de  raeuos  importancia.    Las  que 
tienen  lu^ar  en  la  primavera  en  Gravesend  duran  quince  dm-. 
costando°el  billete  de  pasaje  desde  esta  ciudad  alia  25  centavos, 
v  siendo  el  precio  de  admision  on  el  campo  de  las  carreras  de 
*1.    El  New  York  Driving  Club  es  la  organizacion  ma-s  nea  v 
mas  fuerte  de  las  do  su  clase  que  hay  en  el  pais.    El  caballo  de 
trote  americano  eucuentia  en  Nueva  York  su  verdadero  v  natu- 
ral hogar.    Robert  Bonner,  el  propietano  de   los  celebres 


36 


impressive  equeSn  sttue^Wafnin^oT  teftf1 

wmsmm 

caballos  Maud  S.  y  Sunol,  tiene  sus  ouadras  en  la  oaUe  56?  al 

que  afen  dePr3  Raflr-a  *!ri»*»*«*^a  en  unos  vaporcitos 
Dasaie sdlo  L  la  B?te»a  directamente  para  la  isla  y  el  oosto  del 

York   ae  v^-Vnf  ,  street'  ceutro  de  ,a  banea  de  Nueva 

Tambi/t  'I8  HiJ  'a  !,StatUa  eolosal  de  GeOT«e  Washington. 

SeTtte^  7  Wee 

sobre  el  do'del  F«L  ^ST8^  ^  P111^  <*ue  existe  s*  tiende 
soore ei  no  del  Lste  de  Manhattan  Island  a  Long  Island  v  nono 

BrooklvnUniLa10^  a<  esta  ciudad  e™  ™  VerZnl 

H\!  i     f        Parte  que  esta  sobre  el  no  mule  1.595  pies  de 

SKlif  H°rrei  SObre^ las  (lue  se  ani'man      cuatro  cables  Uenen 
$  5  0P00  000    Fn'T1611!/  fM0?0  d°  U  ma*na  ob™  ascend^ 
;a71'       +   ^    u  Calle  170  ha^  otro  Puente,  el  High  Bridge 
que  fue  construido  haee  52  anos  sobre  el  do  Harlem  pSlcondS 


are  paid.  The  Cleaning  House  organization  contained  in  1392 
sixtv  four  banks  having  a  combined  capital  of  $60,500,000,  three 
times  the  last  twenty  years  the  Clearing  House  has  either  avert- 
ed  or  checked  a  panic  bv  1 he  issuance  of  loan  certihraies  lho 
Custom  House,  one  of  the  useful  attactions  of  Wall  street, 
stands  at  tie-  .ru.-r  of  William  Street.  Free  goods  worth  $2o5.- 
000,000  and  dutiable  propertv  to  t  he  amount  of  ^LJ.000,000  were 
entered  the  last  year.  $i:;o.O0O.000  in  duties  were  collected. 
Every  visitor  will  want  to  see  the  Stock  Exchange.  From  the 
galerv  of  this  bidding  which  is  free  to  the  public,  the  floor  presents 
an  animated  appearance  when  the  market  is  lively.  The  voices 
of  the  excited  brokers  rise  in  a  steady  roar  and  the  whole  scene 
is  like  a  contest.  The  forty-eight  National  Banks,  bavin- a  capital 
of  about  $30,000,000,  a  surplus  of  $55,000,000  and  deposits  of 
$460,000,000  together  with  the  State  Banks  having  a  capital  ot 
$17  .'00  (KM)  a.  surplus  of  $15,000.0(10  and  deposits  ot  $  12  s.  (00,000 
form -me  of  I  he  chief  bulwarks  of  Xew  York  as  a  financial  centre. 
Besides  the^e,  there  are  many  tru>t  companies  and  savin-  banks. 
The  <'-reat  Life  Insurance  Companies,  owing  to  their  large  assets 
and  The  amount  of  monev  lent  by  them  each  year,  constitute  an 
immense  linaucial  power.  Among  these  companies  are  the 
Mutual,  in  its  handsome  marble  building  at  J  J  Nassau  Street, 
;ib„u1    $160,000,000;   the   Xew   \  ork.  assets.  SHI.OUO.OOO; 

and  the  Equitable;  occupying  a  sumptuous  structure  at  120, 


eir  el  acueducto  de  Croton,  y  cuyo  largo  es  de  1460  pies.  El 
puente  de  repress*  de  McComb  y  el  gran  Viaducto,  sera,  una 
vez  que  este  terminado,  la  obra  publica  mas  interesante  de 
Nueva  York  y  constituira  el  puente  giratorio  mas  largo  y  mas 
ancho  de  cuantoa  haven  el  pais,  midiendoeu  la  pnmerade  dichas 
dimensiones  2.120  pies  y  67  en  la  segunda.    Su  costo  sera  de 

Las  instituciones  financiers  de  esta  ciudad  son  las  mas 
importantes  de  los  Estados  Uuidos.  Entre  ellas  ocupa  lugar 
muv  prominento  el  Banco  de  Liquidation,  en 
las'calles  de  Pine  y  Nassau,  en  que  a  cierta  hora  del  dia  so 
haco  la  liquidaci6n  del  Debe  y  Haber  de  todos  los  bancos  de  la 
poblacioi..  La  organizaci.'.n  del  Banco  de  Liquidation  compen- 
dia en  1.^92  sesentay  cuatro  bancos,  que  reuman  un  capital 
combiuado  de  $60,500,000.  La  Aduana,  uno  de  los  atractivos  de 
Wall  St.  se  halla  situada  en  una  de  las  esquinas  de  esa  calle  y  la 
do  William.  En  el  pasade  aho  de  1892  entrarou  en  ella  articulos 
bbres  de  derecho  por  valor  de  $255,000,000,  y  por  valor  de 
$320  000,000  en  efectos  sujetos  a  derecuos,  habiendose  percibulo 
en  la  Aduana  por  estos  ultimos  la  suma  de  $130.< 00,000.  Todo 
viaiero  debe  hacer  una  visita  a  la  Bolsa  de  Valores,  (Stock 
Exchange)  en  cuyo  edincio  la  entrada  es  gratis  L.oa 
enarenta  y  ocho  Bancos  Naoionales,  que  rednen  nn  capital  ue 
$50,000,000,  uu  excedeuto  do  $55,000,000  y  dep6sitos  por  valor 


„9 


Broadway,  "with  assets  amount  in-;  to  about  $130,000,000.  The 
New  York  Federr\!  Post  Office  occupies  most  of  the  large  granite 
structure  at  the  V  formed  by  Broadway  ami  Park  Row,  and 
extends  along  ^.he  lines  of  the  angle  to  City  Hall  Park  The 
building  is  five  stories  high  and  cost  about  $7,000,000.  About 
1,101.000,000  pieces  of  mail  matters  weighing  130,000  tons  were 
bandied  during  last  year.  The  money-order  department,  issued 
tnd  paid  $2,500,000  in  orders  and  postal  notes  representing  about 
$109. 500,000  during  the  same  period.  The  Receipts  for  the  sale 
)f  stamps  and  for  the  rental  of  lock-boxes  were  .$6,783,202. 
Letters  weighing  not  more  than  one  ounce  may  bo  sent  to  any 
part  of  the  United  States,  Canada  and  Mexico  for  2  cents.  Postal 
cards  costing  one  cent  each  may  be  used  for  short  unimportant 
messages.  Newspapers  and  books  may  be  sent  by  mail  at  the 
rate  of  one  cent  for  each  two  ounces  or  fraction  thereof  prepaid 
in  stamps.  Merchandise,  samples,  seeds,  bulbs,  cut  flowers,  etc., 
may  be  sent  at  tho  rate  of  one  cent  for  each  ounce  or  fraction 
thereof.  Registration  on  all  matter  8  cents.  The  postage  on 
matter  for  foreign  countries  included  in  the  Postal  Union 
is  as  follows:  Letters,  each  half  ounce,  five  cents.  Postal  cards, 
each,  two  cents.  Newsvaper  and  printed  matter,  each  two  ounces 
or  fraction,  one  cent.  Registered  letters  etc.,  C  cents.  The 
visitor  who  may  desire  to  send  a  message  to  any  one  has  only  to 
touch  a  signal  instrument  in  his  room.    The  regular  charge  for 


de  $400,000,000,  unidos  a  los  Bancos  del  Estado  cuvo  capital  es 
de  $17,500,000,  su  excedente  de  $15,000,000  y  sus  depositos  de 
$128,000,000,  constituyen  uno  de  los  mas  poderosos  baluartes  de 
Nueva  York  como  centro  conieroial.  Ademas  de  estos  bancos 
hay  muchas  compainas  de  credito  y  cajas  de  ahorro. 

Las  grandes  Compafn'as  de  Seguros  de  vida  hacen  do  Nueva 
York  una  inmensa  pctencia  comercial.  Entre  ellas  estan  la 
"Mutual,"  en  su  magm'fico  editieio  do  m&rmol  sito  en  el  numero 
32  de  la  callo  do  Nassau,  cuvo  aetivo  es  de  unos  $160X00,000;  la 
"New  York,"  con  un  aetivo  de  $80,000,000;  y  la  "Equitativa," 
que  ocupa  su  suntuosa  residencia  en  el  numero  1J0  de  Broadway 
y  cuyo  aetivo  es  de  $136,000,000. 

La  casa  central  do  correos  de  Nueva  York  ocupa  la  mayor 
parte  de  la  inmensa  estructura  que  radica  en  la  V  forraada  por 
Broadway  y  Park  Row.  Su  costo  ascendio  a  unos  $7,000,0*00. 
En  el  auo  ultimo  ein  ularon  por  ella  1, 101.000,000  de  objetos 
postales,  con  un  peso  de  130.000  toneladas.  El  dopartamento  de 
libranzas  postales  emiti6  y  pag6  $2,500,000  en  6rdenes  y  notas 
postales  representando  unos  8109.500,000  en  el  mismo  periodo  de 
tiempo.  Los  ingresos  por  la  venta  de  sellos  y  por  las  cajas  de 
apartados  ascendiercn  a  $6,783,202.  Las  cartas  que  no  pesen 
mas  de  una  onza  pueden  remitirse  a  cualquier  punto  de  los  Ksta- 
dos  Unidos,  Canada  y  Mexico  poniendoles  un  sello  de  dos  centa- 
vos.    Las  tarjetas  postales  solo  cuestan  un  centavo  cada  una. 


40 


messenger  service  is  thirty  cents  an  hour.  There  is  no  more 
charge.  The  rates  for  telegrams  between  points  in  New  York 
City  and  Broolkyn.  J ersey  City,  Newark,  Hoboken  and  Philadel- 
phia is  twenty  cents  for  ten  words  and  one  cent  for  each 
additional  word.  No  charge  for  inserting  date,  address  and 
sender's  name.  New  York  is  emphatically  the  home  of  the 
telephone.  About  15.000  instruments  on  private  houses  and 
public  buildings  are  used  in  this  city  alone.  Public  "phones" 
may  be  found  in  nearly  every  hotel.  The  price  for  a  "talk"  is 
only  ten  cents.  Long  distance  telephones  will  afford  communica- 
tion within  a  radius  of  1.000  miles.  Among  the  crowning  features 
of  the^  city's  public  school  system  are  the  College  of  the  City  of 
New  York  at  Lexington  Avenue  and  '^3rd  street  and  the  Normal 
College  for  young  women  at  Park  Avenue  and  69th  street, 

Columbia  College  is  one  of  the  most  important  educational 
institutions  in  this  country.  It  is  located  at  present  at  Madison 
Avenue  and  49th  street,  but  will  soon  be  moved  to  its  new  site  at 
the  Boulevard  and  116th  street.  The  institution  was  chartered 
in  1754  and  its  first  buildings  were  erected  at  College  Place, 
down  town.  The  University  of  the  City  of  New  York  standing 
on  the  East  side  of  Washington  Square,  not  far  from  the  Wash- 
ington Arch,  is  an  important  institution.  St.  Francis  Xavier 
College  in  West  16th  street,  under  the  care  of  the  Jesuit  Fathers, 
is  the  principal  Roman  Catholic  institution  in  New  York. 


Periodicos  y  libros  se  pueden  enviar  por  el  correo  con  un  sello 
de  un  centavo  por  cada  dos  onzas  de  peso  6  fraccion  de  ellas. 
Tambien  se  pueden  remitir  por  el  mismo  medio  mereancias, 
muestras,  semillas,  etc.,  poniendo  a  cada  paquete  un  sello  de  un 
centavo  por  onza  6  fraccion  de  onza  de  peso.  El  certificado  de 
cualquier  materia  postal  cuesta  ocho  centavos.  El  franqueo  para 
los  paises  extranjeros  incluidos  en  la  Union  Postal  es  el  siguien- 
te:  cartas,  cinco  centavos  por  cada  media  onza  de  peso;  tarjetas 
postales,  dos  centavos  por  cada  una;  periodicos  y  otros  impresos, 
un  centavo  por  cada  dos  onzas  6  fracci6n  de  onza;  cartas  certifi- 
cadas,  8  centavos. 

El  visitante  que  desee  enviar  un  mensaje  a  cualquier  punto 
de  la  ciudad,  solo  tendra  que  oprimir  un  registro  que  probable- 
mente  habra  en  su  habitaei6n,  y  acudird  un  mensajero,  el  que 
cobra  por  sus  servicios  a  razon  de  treinta  centavos  por  hora. 

El  precio  de  los  telegramas  para  el  interior  de  la  ciudad  y 
Brooklyn,  Jersey  Citv,  Newark,  Hoboken  y  Philadelphia,  es  de 
20  centavos  por  cada  diez  palabras  y  un  centavo  por  cada  pala- 
bra  adicional,  no  cargandose  nada  por  la  fecha,  la  direccion  ni 
el  nombre  del  mandatario.  Nueva  York  es  la  ciudad  del  telefo- 
no,  habiendo  en  ella  sobre  15.000  de  estos  instrumentos  en  casas 
particulares  y  ofmnas  pulicas.  Encuentranse  en  casi  todos  los 
hoteles,  y  el  precio  de  una  "conversacion"  no  es  mas  que  diez 


41 


The  Bellevue  Hospital  ^Eo<lical  College  is  one  of  the  largest 
of  the  kind  in  the  city.  Its  class  rooms  are  in  the  well  known 
hospital  bearing  that  name  at  the  foot  of  East  '27th  street. 
Among  the  theological  institutions  are  the  Union  Theological 
Seminary,  Park  Avenue  and  69th  street,  and  the  General  Theolo- 
gical Seminary,  Chelsea  Square.  The  reading  man  will  find 
much  to  interest  him  in  the  public  libraries  of  this  city,  a  few 
of  which  are  mentioned  here:  The  Astor,  in  Lafayette  Place; 
Cooper  Institute,  junction  of  3rd  and  4th  Avenues;  Lenox,  5th 
Avenue  and  70th  street;  Young  Men's  Christian  Association,  23rd 
street  and  4th  Avenue;  Young  Women's  Christian  Association, 
]7th  East  loth  -i  n  <•;;  Medical,  u"  West  16th  street;  Association  of 
the  Bar,  7  West  29th  street. 

New  York  is  justly  proud  of  its  elaborate  and  perfect  public 
hospital  system.  The  appointments  of  many  of  the  hospitals 
are  sumptuous  not  to  say  palatial.  Not  only  the  poor  but  the 
rich  as  well  often  avail  themselves  of  the  advantages  offered  by 
these  institutions  in  time  of  sickness  or  misfortune.  Among  the 
general  hospitals  are  the  New  York,  7  West  loth  street;  Presby- 
terian, Madison  Avenue  and  70th  street;  St.  Luke's,  54th  street 
and  5th  Avenue:  (iermnn  Hospital,  Park  Avenue  and  77th  street. 
At  all  these  and  similar  institutions  those  unable  to  pay  are 
treated  free.  Others  are  charged  from  $1  to  $10  a  day  each, 
according  to  the  accomodations  afforded. 


centavos,  Los  telefonos  a  larga  distancia  permitiran  la  comuni- 
cacion  dentro  de  un  radio  de  mil  millas. 

Entre  los  establecimientos  mas  prominentes  que  forman 
parte  del  sistemade  ensenanza  publica  en  esta  ciudad,  figuran  el 
Colegio  de  la  ciudad  de  Nueva  York,  en  Lexington  Avenue  y 
calle  23*,  y  la  Escuela  Normal  de  las  jovenes,  eu  Park  Avenue  y 
calle  69?,  *  Una  do  las  institueiones  mas  importantes  del  pais  es 
el  "Columbia  College,"  que  actualmente  tiene  su  domicilio  en 
Madison  Avenue  y  calle  49?,  pero que  en  breve  se  trasladara  a 
su  nueva  residencia,  Boulevard  y  calle  116?.  La  Universidad  de 
la  ciudad  de  Nueva  York  radica  en  Washington  Square,  no  lejos 
del  arco  de  Washington,  y  es  un  importantisimo  establecimiento 
docente.  El  Colegio  de  San  Erancisco  Javier,  dirigido  por  los 
Padres  Jesuitas,  es  la  principal  institution  cat61ica  do  ensenanza. 
El  Colegio  Medico  del  Hospital  de  Bellevue  es  uno  de  los  mas 
extensos  de  su  genero,  encontrandose  sus  clases  en  el  famoso 
hospital  quo  lleva  su  nombre,  al  pie  do  la  calle  26a  al  Este. 
Entre  las  institueiones  teologicas  son  dignas  de  menci6u  el 
"Union  Theological  Seminary,"  en  Park  Avenue  y  calle  GJa,  y  el 
"General  Theological  Seminary,"  en  Chelsea  Square. 

Los  aficionados  a  leer  encontrariin  mucho  qne  les  interese 
en  las  bibliotecas  publicas  de  la  ciudad,  algunas  de  las  ooales 
son:  la  de  Astor,  en  Lafavetto  Place;  Cooper  Institute,  Aveuidas 
3?  y  4?;  Lenox,  5'?  Avenida  y  calle  70.*,  '  Young  Men's  Christian 


42 


Divine  worship  is  conducted  in  nearly  every  language  includ- 
ing Russian  and  Greek.  Those  who  admire  churches  beautiful 
in  architectural  design  and  harmonious  in  their  interior  appoint- 
ments will  be  glad  to  remain  in  the  city  over  Sunday.  The  Choral 
or  Cathedral  School  of  Church  cinging  is  fittingly  represented  at 
Old  Trinity,  ri  Broadway  at  the  head  of  Wall  street.  Excellent 
music  will  be  heard  at  Grace  Church,  P.  E.,  Broadway  and  10th 
street;  Church  of  the  Ascension,  P.  E.,  5th  Avenue  and  10th  St. 
West  Presbyterian  Church=  31  west  42nd  street;  Saint  Thomas' 
Church,  P.  E.„  5th  Avenue  and  53rd  street;  St.  Bartholomew's 
Church.  P.  E.,  Madison  Avenue  and  44th  street:  St.  Patrick's 
Cathedral,  R.  C,  5th  Avenue  and  50th  street,  Among  the  most 
prominent  pastors  in  this  city  are:  Dr.  Jonh  Hall,  Fifth  Ave- 
nue Presbyterian  Church,  at  55th  street;  Charles  H.  Parkhurst, 
Madison  Square  Presbvterian  Church;  John  R.  Paxton,  West 
Presbvterian  Church;  Dr.  W.  S.  Rainsford,  St.  George's,  P.  E., 
Church,  Stuwesant  Square;  Dr.  Morgan  Dix,  Trinity  P.  E. 
Church;  Dr.  R.  Heber  Newton,  All  Souls  P.  E.  Church,  Madison 
Avenue  and  66th  street;  Dr.  E.  Walpole  Warren,  Holy  Trinity 
P.  E.  Church,  Madison  Avenue  and  42nd  street;  Dr.  Robert  S. 
McArthur,  Calvary  Baptist  Church,  57th  street  near  7th  Avenue; 
Dr.  S.  H.  Virgin,  Pilgrim  Congregational  Church,  Madison  Ave- 
nue and  121th  street. 

After  looking  about  this  city  for  a  few  days  and  becoming 


Association,"  calle  23?  y  4?  Avenida;  '-Young  Women's  Chris- 
tian Association, '  numero  17  al  Este  de  la  calle  15?. 

Nueva  York  esta  justamente  enorgullecida  de  la  perfecta 
organizacion  de  sus  hospitales  publicos.  El  decorado  y  mobilia- 
rio  de  muchos  de  ellos  es  suntuoso,  y  no  solamente  los  pobres, 
si  que  tambien  los  ricos,  utilizan  con  frecuencia  en  tiempo  de 
enfermedad  6  de  desgraeia  las  ventajas  que  ofrecen  estas  insti- 
tuciones.  Entre  los  hospitales  generales  estan:  el  New  York, 
numero 7  al  Oeste  calle  15?;  el  Presbyterian,  Madison  Avenue  y 
calle  70?,  Saint  Luke;  Quinta  Avenida  y  calle  54?,  el  German, 
Park  Avenue  y  calle  77?.  En  todos  estos  beueficos  estableci- 
mientos,  los  que  no  pueden  pagar  son  asistidos  gratuitamente* 
En  otros  abonan  los  enfermos  desde  $1  hasta  $10  diarios,  segun 
las  comodidades  y  el  lujo  que  se  les  proporciona. 

El  culto  divino  se  celebra  en  casi todos  los  idiomas  civilizados 
Aquellos  a  quienes  complazca  admirar  iglesias  bellas  por  &u  ar 
quite ctura  y  arm6nicas  en  su  ornato  y  buen  orden  interiores,  se 
alegraran  de  permanecer  en  la  ciudad  un  domingo.  El  canto 
religioso  coral  6  de  catedral  esta  debidamente  representado  en  la 
iglesia  de  Old  Trinity,  Broadway  frente  a  Wall  street,  oyendose 
tambien  excelente  musica  en  las  siguientes  iglesias:  Grace. 
Broadway  y  calle  10?;  Ascension,  Quinta  Atenida  y  calle  10'.: 
West  Presbyterian,  numero  31  al  Oeste  de  la  calle  42a;  Saml 


43 


acquainted  with  some  of  the  neigboring  sea-side  resorts,  our  vi- 
sitors thoughts  will  naturally  turn  toward  the  White  City  of  the 
West  and  its  World's  Fair.  One  of  the  best  ways  to  go  to  Chica- 
go is  by  the  New  York  Central  and  Hudson  River  railway,  the  only 
line  running  West  that  has  a  station  located  in  the  heart  of  the 
city.  This  well  known  structure  stands  at  42nd  street  and  Park 
Avenue.  The  terminals  of  all  other  lines  are  in  New  Jersey,  at 
Jersey  City,  Weehawken  and  Hoboken.  They  are  reached  by 
ferry-boats  running  across  the  Hudson  River.  All  the  great 
trunk  lines  have  vestibulated  express  trains  containing  dining 
room,  smoking  room,  parlor  and  dormitory  palace  cars,  which 
give  the  passenger  all  the  comforts  of  a  well  appointed  hotel, 
while  bei  g  rushed  along  to  his  destination  at  the  rate  of  about 
fifty  milns  an  hour.  The  Empire  State  Express  runs  from  this 
city  to  Niagara  Falls,  4C2  miles  in  about  eight  hours.  Other 
railway  systems  to  carry  the  visitor  to  Chicago  and  other  points 
West  are:  the  Pennsylvania,  ferry  foot  of  Cortlandt  and  Desbros- 
ses  streets;  Lehigh  Valley,  ferry  same  place;  West  Shore,  foot 
of  Cortlandt,  Desbrosses,  Jay  and  West  42nd  street;  New  York, 
O  tario  and  Western,  ferry,  same  places;  New  York  Lake  Erie 
and  Western,  Chambers  and  West  £3rd  streets;  Delaware  Lack- 
awana  and  Western,  Barclay  or  Christopher  streets;  Baltimore 
and  Ohio,  Liberty  street. 

The  stations  of  all  these  lines  afford  nearly  all  the  eonve- 


Thomas.  (^uinta  Avenida  y  calle  53:.1;  catedral  de  St.  Patricio,  ca- 
tolica,  Quinta  Avenida  y  calle  50?. 

Despues  de  haber  permanecido  en  esta  ciudad  durante  algu- 
nos  dias  y  de  haber  visitado  y  recorrido  algunas  de  sus  cercanas 
estaciones  de  la  costa,  la  itnaginacion  de  nuestros  viajeros  se 
dirigira  naturalmentu  haeia  la  Ciud  d  Blanca  del  Oeste  y  la  Ex- 
posiei6n  Universal  que  en  ella  ha  do  celebrarse.  Una  de  las  me- 
jores  vias  para  ir  &  Chicago  es  el  <rNew  York  Central  and  Hudson 
River  Railway,"  unicah'nea  de  las  que  llevan  al  Oeste  que  tiene 
08taci6nen  el  coraz6n  do  esta  ciudad,  edificio  situado  en  la  calle 
12!  y  Park  Avenue.  Las  estaciones  de  partida  de  todas  las  de- 
mas  Mneas  estan  en  Jersey  City,  Weehawken  y  Hoboken,  Nueva 
Jersey,  y  se  va  4  ellas  por  los  vapores  que  cruzan  el  rio  Hudson. 
Todas  las  grandes  lineas  tienen  trenes  exprcsos  vestibulo  y  eon- 
tienen  comedor,  salon  de  fumar,  sala  de  tertulia  y  carros  pala 
cios  dormitorios,  todo  lo  cual  ofreco  al  pasajero  las  comodidades 
que  podria  proporcionarle  un  hotel  bien  montado,  y  en  estas 
condiciones  es  llevado  al  punto  de  su  destino  con  una  velocidad 
media  de  cincuenta  millas  por  bora.  El  Empire  State  Express 
recorre  la  distancia  do  4C2  millas  que  hay  desde  esta  ciudad  ;i  las 
cataratas  del  Niagara  en  unas  ocho  horas.  Play  otras  lineas  fe 
rreas  que  llevan  el  viajero  a  Chicago  y  otros  piintos  del  Oeste  y 
son:  Pennsylvania  y  Lehigh  Valley,  ouyoa  embarcaderos  estan 
al  pie  de  las  calles  de  Cortlandt  y  Desbrosses;  West  Shore,  al 


ArtfeVic  Fireplace&Mantel.WorK  \n 

TileXa^ble,BncK*jStone 
Grat  e.  Andirons,  Fen  ders& Fireguard! 
Brassy  "Wr  ous>ht-lr  onWo  r  K . 

Marble&Venitian  Mosaic s. 
Ceor§ia*other  Marbles  For 

Floors  6c  Walls  . 

Chim  eneasDe  Lujo  yArtistica  s 
Azulejos,Marmoles.UdrillosYPiedras 

En  Grau  Variedad. 
Cuarda  Fues  o,H\er r os  vDemas 

En  Cobre  y  Hierro  Forjado 

Marmolde  Georgia  y  Otros 
Para  SueLos  y  Pared.es. 


'.'man 


,  .J[H^.L_ 
lOGSODiBla 


Ipcpac t_ri_' Li:c r__  Lt;Lyi_  u.tt-vpc:1-^ 


&l  i^fl'la  ni&B  dub  i 

:aWKTI]1Mi3  "-fin  !  'i  M  ! 


iiiP^siisiay 

olip  . 

.Saab 


I  l— J  ' — '  U_l  l_M_JJU  U  L-_  L__a  LJ-—^— ; -i jl.t.  u- 1    L  U  I.J 

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55 


niences  of  the  largor  hotels.  Sumptously  appointed  dining  and 
waiting  rooms,  buffets,  telegraph,  messenger,  cab,  telephone 
and  express  offices,  newsstands,  parcel  and  coat  checking  rooms 
are  invariably  found  in  them  all.  These  starting  points  are 
always  easily  accessible  by  the  principal  elevated  and  street  car 
lines  and  ferries.  Tickets  must  bo  secured  before  entering  the 
train  at  one  of  the  offices  of  the  Company  or  at  the  station 
where  the  traveler  intends  to  depart.  His  trunks  and  other 
baggage,  which  have  been  sent  by  a  local  expressman  from  his 
temporary  residence,  will  be  found  waiting  in  the  baggage  room, 
and  may  be  claimed  on  presentation  by  the  traveler  of  the 
expressman's  ticket  and  then  checked  to  their  destination.  The 
baggage  cheeking  system  employed  in  this  country,  Canada  and 
Mexico  is  the  greatest  invention  of  modern  times.  Upon  the 
delivery  of  the  traveler's  baggage  to  the  railway  or  steamship 
Company  ho  receives  a  small  brass  check  containing  a  number, 
the  point  of  destination  of  tho  article  and  the  names  of  the 
routes  over  which  it  is  to  go.  A  duplicate  check  similar  to  the 
first  is  then  placed  on  the  baggage  and  the  traveler  has  no 
further  trouble.  Arrived  at  his  destination  he  may  obtain  his 
property  by  producing  his  brass  check.  Great  care  should  be 
taken  not  to  lose  this  little  evidence  of  ownership,  and  it  should 
never  be  surrendered  to  irresponsible  agents  or  expressmen. 

These  are  no  fewer  than  twenty-four  street  railway  lines 


pie  de  las  calles  de  Cortlandt,  Desbrosses,  Jay  y  42?  al  Oeste; 
New  York,  Ontario  and  Western,  en  los  misraos  lugares;  New 
York,  Lake  Erie  and  Western,  calles  de  Chambers  y  23?  al  Oes- 
te; Delaware,  Lackawauna  and  Western,  calles  de  Barclay  6 
Cristopher;  Baltimore  and  Ohio,  calle  de  Liberty. 

Las  estaciones  do  todas  estas  lineas  proporeionan  casi  todas 
las  conveniencias  de  los  niejores  hoteles.  Comedores  y  saloues 
de  espera  esplendidamente  adornados,  tel6grafos,  mensajeros, 
carruajes,  telefonos  y  kioscos  de  periodicos,  oficinas  de  expre- 
sos  y  otras  para  dejareu  ellas  ropas,  paquetes,  etc.  recibiendo 
en  cambio  un  cheque  de  seguridad,  se  encuentran  invariable- 
mente  en  todas  ellas.  Los  puntos  de  partida  son  facilmente 
accesibles  por  los  principales  treues  olevados,  tranvias  y  erabar- 
caderos.  Los  billetes  pueden  tomarse  antes  de  entrar  en 
el  Cren  en  una  do  las  oficinas  de  la  eompania  6  en  la  misma  esta- 
ciou  dosde  la  quo  el  viajero  vaya  a  em  prouder  su  excursion.  Eu 
el  departamento  de  equipajex  encontrara-  mis  baiiles  y  dermis 
objetos  quo  habr.in  sido  previamente  enviados  de  su  resideneia 
temporal  por  un  oxpreso  y  alii  puede  reclamarlos  presontando  el 
billeto  del  expreso  y  hacer  quo  so  los  facturen  para  el  lugar  do 
su  destino.  El  sistema  de  facturar  equipajes  usado  en  este 
pais,  Canada  y  Mexico  es  uno  de  los  inventos  mas  notables  do 
los  tiempos  modernos.  Al  out  re  gar  el  pasajero  su  equipajo  4  la 
compahia  del  ferrocarril  6  del  vapor  en  que  haya  do  viajar,  reci- 


56 


running  within  the  city  limits.  The  Madison  and  Fourth  Ave- 
nue line,  which  is  generally  patronized  by  the  more  exclusive 
residents,  is  the  first  street  car  line  ever  established  in  this  city, 
and  was  incorporated  in  1831.  The  famous  Broadway  and 
Seventh  Avenue  line,  has  been  supplied  with  cables  as  a  motive 
power.  The  elongated  form  of  Manhattan  Island  makes  it  easy 
to  understand  the  direction  of  its  street  and  Elevated  car  routes. 
Most  of  the  former  and  all  the  latter  running  north  and  south. 

The  visitor  should  bear  in  mind  that  Fifth  Avenue,  which 
like  all  other  avenues  in  the  principal  part  of  the  city  runs  north 
and  south,  divides  the  city  into  two  parts,  viz: — West  and  East. 
^\  11  the  cross  town,  or  East  and  West  streets,  are  divided  by 
Fifth  Avenue,  and  their  direction  is  indicated  by  the  words 
East  or  West  prefixed  to  the  number  or  name  of  the  street. 
Avenue  D  on  the  East  Eiver  is  the  most  easterly  street.  From 
that  going  west  come  in  succession  Avenues  C,  B,  A,  First,  Se- 
cond, Third,  Lexington,  Fourth  (Park  between  59th  street  and 
97th  street),  Madison,  Fifth,  Sixth,  Seventh,  Eighth,  Ninth, 
Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  and  Thirteenth. 

After  crossing  each  numbered  avenue  a  new  hundred  is 
begun,  so  that  the  location  of  a  number  in  a  street  may  be  de- 
termined by  its  nearness  to  a  certain  avenue.  For  example, 
No  319  West  14th  street  must  be  west  of  Eigh  th  Avenue  because, 
taking  Fifth  Avenue  as  a  starting  point,  the  3rd  hundred  num- 


be  una  pequena  plancha  de  metal  que  contiene  un  numero, 
el  punto  a  que  va  el  articulo  que  se  factura  y  los  nombres  del 
itinerario  que  ha  de  recorrer.  Una  plancha  duplicada  igual  a 
la  primera  se  coloca  en  el  equipaje,  y  ya  el  viajero  no  tiene  que 
ocuparse  mas  de  61  hasta  que  liega  al  lugar  de  su  destino,  donde 
puede  obtenerlo  presentando  su  cheque  de  metal.  Debe  tenerse 
gran  cuidado  en  no  perder  esta  placa,  unica  prueba  de  propie- 
dad,  que  jamas  debe  entregarse  a  agentes  que  no  tengan  res- 
ponsabilidad. 

Nada  menos  que  veinticuatro  lineas  de  tranvias  recorren  ei 
interior  de  la  ciudad,  habiendo  sido  la  primera  que  se  establecio 
la  do  las  Avenidas  Madison  y  4'?  que  se  incorporo  en  1831.  La 
famosa  linea  de  Broadway  y  7?  Avenida  ha  sido  provista  de  ca- 
bles como  potencia  motora. 

La  forma  prolongada  de  Nueva  York  hace  que  se  compren- 
da  muy  f acilmente  la  direccion  de  sus  calles  y  la  de  sus  ferroca- 
rriles  elevados  y  tranvias,  corriendo  la  mayor  parte  de  estos  y 
todos  aquellos  de  Norte  a  Sud.  El  visitante  debe  tener  presente 
que  la  5a  Avenida,  que,  como  todas  las  demas  en  la  parte  princi- 
pal de  la  ciudad,  la  atraviesan  de  Norte  a  Sud,  divide  la  pobla- 
ci6n  en  dos  partes,  Este  y  Oeste.  Todas  las  calles  transversales 
6  sean  las  que  van  del  Este  al  Oeste,  estan  divididas  por  la  5-. 
Avenida,  y  se  indica  su  direccion  autepomendo  laspalabras  ±,s- 
te  u  Oeste  al  numero  6  nombre  de  la  calle.    La  Avenida  D.  en 


57 


bers  end  at  8th  Avenue.  All  numbers  on  the  south  side  of  cross 
town  streets  are  even.  The  student  of  this  city  should  at  once 
become  well  acquainted  with  the  City  Directory  which  he  will 
find  freely  offered  for  his  use  by  every  drug  store  of  any  stan- 
ding and  by  every  hotel.  This  book  contains  a  mine  of  infor- 
mation in  its  appendix.  By  reference  to  it  the  location  of  a 
street  number  may  be  exactly  ascertained. 


el  rio  del  Este,  es  la  calle  mas  oriental,  y  yendo  do  ella  hacia  el 
Oeste  se  suceden  las  Avenidas  (J,  B,  A,  Primera,  Segunda,  Ter- 
cera,  Lexington,  Cuarta,  (que  se  llama  Park  entre  las  calles  59a 
y97'}),  Madison,  Quinta,  Sexta,  Septima,  Oetava,  Novena,  D6ci'- 
ma,  Und<§cima,  Duod<5cima  y  Dikima  tercera.  DespuSs  que  se 
cruza  cada  una  do  las  avenidas  uumeradus,  empieza  un  nuevo 
centenar  en  La  enumeracion  de  las  casas,  por  manera  que  osmuy 
f&eil  averiguar  doudo  queda  el  numero  que  se  busca  por  su  pro- 
ximidad  a  una  Avenida  determiuada.  Por  ejemplo:  el  numero 
319  al  Oeste  de  la  calle  14;.1  dobe  estar  al  Oeste  de  la  8;.1  Avenida. 
porque,  tomando  eomo  punto  de  partida  la  5?  Avenida  el  tercer 
centenar  termina  en  la  8*.  Todos  los  mimeros  del  lado  Sud  de 
las  calles  transversales  son  pares.  El  que  desee  estudiar  y  com- 
prender  bien  esta  ciudad  debe  desdo  luego  consultar  el  directo- 
rio  do  ella,  el  quo  encontrara  a  su  disposici6n  gratis  en  todas  las 
oficinas  do  farmacia  do  alguna  importancia  y  en  los  hoteles. 
Este  libro  encierra  en  su  apcndice  un  caudal  de  noticias.  Va- 
liendose  de  61  puede  saberse  con  exactitud  <l6ndo  esta  cualquier 
numero  do  una  calle. 


58 

CHICAGO  CITY. 


morning  breeze  from  the  "Windy  City"  will  gently  stir  the 
curtains  of  the  Sleeping-Car  containing  the  traveler  who 
s  ^lef t  New  York  for  the  World's  Fair  Exposition  24  hours 
before.  The  whole  journey  by  the  New  York  Central  of  912 
miles  has  been  one  round  of  pleasure.  *  «  «  j 

At  the  beginning  of  his  journey  Westward  the  tall  Palisades 
nodding  kindly  to  the  various  vessels  on  the  beautiful  Hudson, 
below,  West  Point  with  its  Military  Academy  and  cadets,  Tarry- 
town  famous  in  Revolutionary  history  and  other  attractions  are 
pointed  out  to  the  visitor  as  his  train  rushers  along.  After  lea- 
ving Albany  where  he  gets  a  glimpse  of  the  huge  Capitol  on  the 
hill?  the  pleasant  valley  of  the  Mohawk  with  its  fertile  farms 
and  cosy  villages  directs  the  flow  of  conversation  upon  the  ha- 
bits of  the  sturdy  Dutch  who  first  settled  that  region.  Here 
many  of  the  great  French  and  Indian  wars  were  fought  previous 
to  'he  Revolution.  Passing  a  number  of  importaut  cities,  inclu- 
ding Rome,  Syracuse  and  Rochester,  the  express  rolls  into  Buf- 
falo, the  scene  of  the  great  Labor  Riots  of  last  year  which  were 
put  down  by  the  Militia  of  this  State.  After  leaving  Buffalo 
the  traveler  may  obtain  a  view  of  the  wonderful  Falls  of  Niaga- 
ra which  no  doubt  will  be  visited  by  thousands  of  persons  during 


CHICAGO 


Una  brisa  matinal  llegada  de  la  "Ciudad  del  Viento'/  agitara 
suavemente  las  cortinillas  del  carro-dormitorio  del  viaiero  que 
ha  salido  de  Nueva  York  veinticuatro  horas  antes  para  Chicago. 
Las  912  millas  recorridas  en  el  "New  York  Central"  nabr&n 
sido  para  61  una  excursion  de  placer.    Desde  la  salida,  las  ele- 
vadas  Palisades,   a  cuyo  pie  se  rnecen  blandamente  esbeltos  bu- 
ques  en  el  encantador  Hudson;  West  Point,  con  su  Aeademia 
Militar  y  sus  cadetes;  Tarrytown,  famosa  en  la  histona  revoiu- 
cionaria,  y  otros  puntos  no  menos  seductores  se  desplegan  a 
medida  que  el  tren  avanza.    Despues  de  dirigir  en  Albany  una 
rapida  mirada  al  Capitolio,  aparece  el  dehcioso  valle  del 
Mohawk  con  sus  fertiles  campinas  y  sus  confortab.es  pueblos, 
que  hacen  que  la  conversacion  verse  sobre  las  costumbres  de 
los  robustos  holandeses  que  primero  colonizaron  aquel  pais,  en  el 
oue  be  riiieron  antes  de  la  revolucion  muchas  de  las  grandes 
suerras  franco-indianas.    Atraviesanse  ciudades  importantes, 
Intre  otras  Roma,,  Syracuse  y  Rochester,  y  el  expreso  llega  & 
Buffalo,  teatro  de  los  tumultos  ocasionados  por  los  obreros  el 
ano  ultimo,  dominados  por  la  milicia  del  Estado.  balido 
de  Buffalo,  el  viaiero  puede  gozar  de  la  admirable  vista  de  las 
cataratas  del  Niagara,  que  sin  duda  seran  visitadas  con  motivo 


59 


the  Exposition.  Refreshed  by  a  sound  night's  sleep  and  still 
thinking  of  the  wonderful  panorama  of  river,  valley,  mountain 
and  city  through  which  he  has  been  Hying  on  the  wings  of  night 
the  sight-seear  will  find  himself  at  the  Mecca  of  his  pilgri- 
mage. 

Chicago  (pronounced  Shc-kah-go,  accent  on  the  second  syl- 
lable) was  tho  word  used  by  the  Croe  Indians  one-hundred  years 
ago  to  designate  a  little  trading  post  standing  at  the  mouth  of  a 
sluggish  river  in  a  broad  swamp  threaded  by  bayous,  and  rank 
with  skunk-eabbagge,  wild  garlic  and  other  products  of  fen-land. 

The  most  visionary  person  would  never  have  prophesied  that 
from  such  a  source  the  "Phoenix  City  of  the  West'' was  destined 
to  rise.  It  is  asserted  by  many  persons  that  Chicago  should 
have  been  located  at  the  mouth  of  the  St.  Joseph  or  the  Calumet 
and  that  tho  land  which  the  United  States  Government  actually 
bought  for  its  fort  at  the  mouth  of  the  Chekagou  River  was 
situated  in  Indiana,  and  not  in  the  swamp  ou  the  western  side 
of  Lake  Michigan.  Many  years  ago  the  stream  now  known  as 
the  Chicago  stretched  back  into  tho  prairie  to  a  point  near  the 
Des  Plaines  river,  leaving  only  a  short  portage  to  be  made  in 
the  journey  by  water  from  the  far  distant  Eastern  lakes  to  tho 
Mouth  of  the ''Father  of  Waters",  as  the  Mississippi  river  was 
called  by  the  Indians.  This  portage  has  been  changed  to  a 
waterway  by  the  introduction  of  the  Illinois  and  Michigan  ca- 


de la  Exposicion  por  millares  de  personas.  Deacansando  trad 
una  noche  do  profuudo  sueuo,  y  pensando  en  el  admirable  pano- 
rama que  aoaba  de  rocorrer,  volando  en  alas  de  la  noche,  el  tu- 
rista  se  encoiitrara  en  la  Meca  de  su  peregrinacidn. 

Chicago  era  la  palabra  usada  cion  ahos  ha  por  los  iudios 
Cree  para  designar  un  pequeho  punto  comereial  quo  se  asentaba 
en  la  embocadura  de  un  rio  de  poca  corriente  eu  uu  extenso 
pantano.  Jamas  hubiera  profetizado  el  mas  visionario  que  es- 
tuviera  destinada  a  lovantarse  do  semejante  origen  la  "Uiudad 
Fenix  del  Oeste''.  Aseguran  muchoa  que  Chicago  ha  debido 
estar  situada  en  la  embocadura  del  San  Jos6  6  del  Calumet  y  quo 
el  terreno  quo  el  gobierno  de  los  Estados  Unidos  ha  com- 
prado  para  sus  fortificueiones  en  la  boea  del  rio  Cheka- 
gou estaba  en  Indiana  y  no  en  el  pantano  al  Oesto  del  lago  Mi- 
chigan. Hace  muchos  aiio*,  el  rio  Chicago  se  extendia  por 
la  parte  posterior  do  la  pradera  hasta  un  punto  proximo  al 
rio  Des  Plaines  dejando  solo  una  estreeha  Lengua  do  tierra  para 
irpor  aguadesde  los  lagos  inas  distantes  a  la  boca  del  ''Padre  do 
las  Aguas'',  como  llamaban  los  indios  al  Mississipi.  Esta  lengua 
de  tierra  se  ha  convertido  en  una  via  acuatiea  por  La  coastruo- 
ci6n  del  Illinois  and  Michigan  Canal.  El  principal  bra/.  )  del  no 
Chicago  divide  la  porei6n  oriental  de  la  poblacion  en  dos  partes, 
South  Side  y  North  Side,  quo  a  su  vez  estan  separados  del  West 
Side  por  ramiheaciones  do  la  hist6rica  corriente. 


61 


nal.  Tho  main  stem  of  the  Chicago  river  divides  tho  eastern 
portion  of  the  city  into  two  parst  called  "South  Side"  and 
"North  Side"  which  in  turn  are  separated  from  the  "West  Side" 
by  branches  of  that  historic  stream 

On  Sunday  night  October  8,  1871,  a  sportive  cow  belonging 
to  Mrs.  O'Leary  is  said  to  have  kicked  over  a  kerosene  lamp 
in  a  slud  near  the  corner  of  Jefferson  and  Do  Koven  streets 
which  set  fire  to  the  building.  The  flames  spread  with  astonish- 
ing rapidity.  In  tho  space  of  twenty-four  hours  nearly  3  and.  V 
square  miles  of  the  densely  populated  city  was  swept  awa}'. 
The  large  shipping  and  commission  houses,  tho  railway  stations, 
and  most  of  the  rolling  stock,  lay  in  ashes.  The  Court  house, 
Post-Office,  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  many  substantial  hotels 
and  other  buildings  had  yielded  one  by  one  to  the  attacking 
flames.  Nearly  18,000  buildings  were  destroyed.  The  entire 
loss  was  estimated  at  $190,000,000,  of  which  amount  only 
$44,000,000  was  covered  by  insurance.  The  houses  of  98,500 
persons  were  destroyed  and  many  previously  well-to-do  residents 
lost  all  their  earthly  possessions.  About  200  persons  perished 
in  the  flames.  The  people  of  the  "Garden  City,"  who  are  noted 
for  their  enterprise  and  push  in  theirbusiness  pursuits  often  laugh 
heartily  over  the  story  which  is  told  of  a  College  student  who 
translated  the  first  sentence  of  Cresar's  Gallic  War  in  the  fol- 
lowing manner:    "All  gall  is  divided  into  two  parts  called  North 


En  la  noche  del  doininyro  8  de  Octubre,  1871,  dicese  que  una 
vaca  juguetona  dio  una  coz  a  una  lampara  de  petroleo  cerca  do  la 
esquina  do  las  calles  Jefferson  y  De  Koven,  y  comunicandose  el 
fuego  al  edificio  se  propag6  con  tal  rapidez  que  en  veinticuatro 
horas  fueron  destruldas  cerca  de  tres  y  media  mi  lias 
cuadradas  de  la  parte  mas  poblada  do  la  ciudad.  Las  oficinas 
do  embarques  y  de  comisiones,  la  estaci6n  del  ferrocarril  y  la 
mayor  parte  de  los  almacenes  se  convirtieron  en  cenizas.  El 
Tribunal  de  Justicia,  el  Correo,  la  Camara  de  Comercio  y  muchos 
grandes  hoteles  fueron  presa  uno  tras  otro  edificio  del  incendio. 
Cerca  de  1S,0u0  fueron  destruidos,  la  perdida  total  se  calcul6  en 
$190,000,000  de  les  que  s61o  $44,000,000  estaban  asegurados  y 
98,500  personas  quedaron  sin  hogar  perdiendo  muchos  cuanto 
tenian.    Sobre  200  perecieron  en  este  desastre. 

El  primer  cuidado  del  turista  sent,  naturalmeute,  encontrar 
un  hotel  cuyo  precio  y  comodidades  est6n  en  relacion  con  su 
bolsillo  y  sus  gustos.  No  menos  de  750  de  estos  establocimien- 
tos  habra  en  Chicago  en  los  terrenos  de  la  Exposici6n  quo  ofre- 
cerau  albergue  a  150,000  visitantes  por  lo  menos,  am6n  do  700 
restaurants  y  caf6s  capaces  do  proporcionar  alimento  diario  a 
cientos  do  miles.  En  los  siguieutes  hoteles,  dirigidos  por  el  sis- 
tema  Americano,  los  preoiob  son  de  $2  a  80  diarios:  Grand  Pa- 
cific, calles  Clark  y  Jackson;  Great  Northern,  calles  Dearborn  y 
Jackson;  Sherman  House,  calles  Clark  y  Randolph;  Southern, 


62 


Chicago  an  South  Chicago",  It  is  barely  possible  that  the  intel- 
ligent traveler  may  have  a  practical  illustration  of  the  local 
meaning  of  the  word  gall  before  he  leaves  this  country. 

The  principal  business  of  the  morning,  will  naturally  be  to 
find  a  hotel  whose  rates  and  style  of  accomodation  may  be  in 
keeping  with  the  purse  and  taste  of  the  visitor.  There  are  no 
fewer  than  750  caravansaries  of  this  kind  located  in  Chicago 
within  reach  of  the  Exposition  grounds,  which  offer  a  home  to  at 
least  150,(  00  visitors.  There  are  in  addition  700 restaurants  and 
cafes  capable  of  furnishing  food  to  hundreds  of  thousands  daily. 
The  following  hotels  are  conducted  on  the  American  plan  at 
from  $2  to  $6  a  day:  Grand  Pacific,  Clark  and  Jackson  streets; 
Great  Northern,  Dearborn  and  Jackson  streets;  Sherman  House, 
Clark  and  Randolph  streets;  Southern,  Wabash  Avenue  and 
22nd  street;  Tremont,  Dearborn  and  Lake  streets;  Virginia,  Rush 
and  Ohio  streets.  Hotels  of  this  class  are  mainly  supported  by 
persons  of  regular  life  who  can  command  their  time;  and  are 
largely  inhahited  by  permanent  boarders  who  secure  greatly 
reduced  rates  and  prefer  this  mode  of  living  to  housekeeping. 
The  following  houses  offer  both  the  American  and  European 
plans:  Auditorium,  Michigan  Avenue  and  Congress  street;  Le- 
land,  Michigan  Avenue  and  Jackson  street;  Hotel  Woodruff, 
2,103  Wabash  Avenue;  Palmer  House,  State  and  Munroe  streets; 
Richelieu,  Michigan  Avenue  and  Jackson  street;  Wellington, 


Avenida  Wabash  y  calle  22?;  Tremont,  calles  Dearborn  y  Lake; 
Virginia,  calles  Rush  y  Ohio.  Estos  hoteles  son  frecuentados 
por  personas  de  buena  posicion  y  estan  habitados  generalmente 
por  hu£spedes  fijos  que  prefieren  vivir  de  este  modo  a  un  precio 
relativamente  reducido,  a  poner  casa.  En  los  siguientes  hoteles 
se  sigue  el  plan  europeo  y  americano:  Auditoriun,  Avenida  Mi- 
chigan y  calle  Congress;  'Leland,  Avenida  Michigan  y  calle  Jack- 
son; Woodruff,  Avenida  Wabash,  numero  2,103;  Palmer  House, 
calles  State  y  Munroe;  Richelieu,  Avenida  Michigan  y  calle 
Jackson;  Wellington,  Avenida  Wabash  y  calle  Jackson.  Los 
hoteles  dirigidos  por  el  plan  europeo  son  numerosos  y  pueden 
encontrarse  facilmente  en  el  directorio. 

Los  hoteles  Richelieu  y  Virginia  son  celebres  respectiva- 
mente,  el  uno  por  su  excelente  mesa  y  el  otro  por  su  selecta  so- 
ciedad.  Muchos  turistas  extranjeros  aristocratas  y  ricos  se 
alojan  en  el  primero.  El  Auditorium,  Great  Western,  Leland, 
Palmer,  Victoria  y  Wellington,  son  muy  frecuentados  por  viaje- 
ros  opulentos  y  aficionados  al  lujo.  El  Tremont  y  el  Sherman 
son  los  preferidos  por  los  comerciantes,  y  en  los  primeros  dlas 
de  vida  del  Tremont  sus  huespedes  se  entretenian  cazando  pa- 
tos  salvajes  que  acudian  a  las  lagunas  y  los  charcos  proximos  a. 
el.  Ninguno  de  los  hoteles  citaaos,  asi  se  asegura,  alterara 
sus  precios  durante  la  Exposicion,  y  el  viajero  puede  estar  per- 


03 


"Wabash  Avenue  and  Jackson  street.  The  hotels  conducted 
upon  the  European  plan  are  numerous  and  may  be  discovered 
by  refering  to  a  city  directory. 

The  Richelieu  and  Virginia  are  respectively  famous  for  the 
excellence  of  their  cuisine  and  oxclusiveness  Many  foreign  tou- 
rists of  nobility  and  wealth  stop  at  the  former.  The  Audito- 
rium, Great  Northern,  Leland.  Palmer,  Victoria,  and  Wellingto  • 
are  popular  with  travelers  of  wealth  aud  luxurious  taste  The 
Tremont  and  Sherman  aro  much  used  by  commercial  men.  In 
the  early  days  of  the  former  house  its  guests  often  used  to  amuse 
themselves  by  shooting  at  the  passing  wild  ducks  that  trequent- 
ed  the  neighboring  pools  and  water  courses.  Notices  will  be 
found,  posted  up  at  the  offices  of  all  leading  hotels,  that  no 
change  in  the  rates  will  be  made  during  the  Exhibition  period. 
Travelers  are  sure  to  welcome  such  good  news.  Private  lodgings 
are  preferred  to  hotel  by  many  persons  and  in  some  respects  are 
to  be  recommended.  Most  of  the  houses  affording  accomodations 
of  this  character  as  well  as  boarding  houses  may  be  found  by 
glancing  through  the  col  urns  of  one  of  the  leading  Chicago 
dailies.  The  rates  at  these  houses  vary  from  $3  to  $30  a  week. 
At  every  hotel  and  in  all  the  larger  barber-shops  hot,  cold  or 
shower  baths  may  be  obtained  for  ;?5  cents.,  soap  and  towels 
included.  Russian  and  Turkish  baths  aro  numerous.  The 
swimmer  will  find  natatoriums  at  501  West  Madison  street,  408 


suadido  <le  que  en  cualquiera  de  ellos  ser&  bien  recibido  y 
tratado. 

Hay  rauchos  que  prefieren  las  casas  de  hu^spedes  a  los  ho- 
teles  En  cualquiera  de  los  principales  periodicos  de  la  locali- 
dad  encontraran  anunciadas  multitud  de  casas  que  admiten 
huespedes.  Los  precios  en  estos  alojamientos  varian  de  $3  a 
$30  por  Bemana.  En  todos  los  hoteles,  as!  coino  en  las  barberias 
buenas,  so  encontraran  bafios  calientes,  templados  6  frios  por 
25  centavos,  con  jabon  y  toallas,  habiendo  ademas  numerosos 
establecimientos  de  bahos  rusos  y  turcos.  Los  aficionados  a 
nadar  hallaran  natatorios  en  el  niimero  50-4  al  Oeste  de  la  calle 
Madison,  el  408  al  Norte  do  la  calle  Clark  y  el  2.327  de  la  Aveni 
da  Wabash.  En  rauchos  restaurants  hay  mesas  y  ha^ta  departa- 
mentos  reservados  para  sehoras,  y  en  algunos  do  los  graudes 
establecimientos  do  novedades,  generos,  etc.,  hay  restaurants  a 
los  quo  concurro  mucha  geute. 

Algunos  do  los  consules  extranjeros  en  Chicago,  son.  P.  S. 
Hudson,  repiiblica  Argentina,  83,  calle  Jackson;  Edraond  Bru- 
Waert,  Francia,  70,  callo  La  Salle;  Felipe  Berriozabal,  M6xico, 
126,  Washington. 

Antes  d-e  salir  el  via.jero  del  tren,  un  empleado  con  unifor- 
me  de  la  Compania  Frank  Parraelee  6  del  expreso  Brink's  City 
pregnntara  al  viajero  si  quiere  mandar  su  equipaje  X  alguna 
parte.    Estos  agentes  son  rauy  conocidos  por  los  empleados  del 


64 


North  Clark  street  and  at  2,327  Wabash  Avenue.  Many  restau- 
rants reserve  seats  for  ladies.  The  large  department  stores  like 
Marshall  Field  and  Co.'s  Mandel's,  Carson  Pirie's,  The  Fair  and 
Siegel,  Cooper  &  Co.'s  contain  restaurants  which  are  very 
popular.  Some  of  the  Foreign  Consuls  at  Chicago  are:  Argen- 
tine Republic,  P.  S.  Hudson,  83  Jackson  street;  France,  Edmond 
Bruwaert,  70  La  Salle  street;  Mexico,  Felipe  Berriozabal,  jr., 
126,  Washington 

Before  leaving  the  train  a  uniformed  agent  representing  the 
Fra^k  Parmelee  Co.  or  Brink's  City  Express  will  call  upon  the 
traveler  who  may  desire  to  send  his  baggage  to  any  particular 
place.  These  agents  are  well-know  by  the  railway  officials  and 
are  permitted  to  board  all  incoming  trains  for  the  convenience 
of  passengers.  The  agent  receives  your  check  and  in  return 
gives  you  a  receipt  making  his  company  liable  for  the  value  of 
your  property.  The  rate,  50  cents  for  each  trunk,  may  be  paid 
on  delivery  of  the  baggage.  Parmelee's  Company  will  check  the 
baggage  of  the  returning  traveler  from  his  hotel  to  his  destina- 
tion on  the  presentation  of  his  railway  ticket.  The  charge  for  this 
accomodation  is  10  cents.  The  rate  of  fare  for  hacks,  cabs  and 
other  two-horse  vehicles  is  $1  for  conveying  one  or  two  persons 
for  a  distance  not  exceeding  one  mile,  or  from  one  railway  sta- 
tion to  another.  More  than  a  mile  and  less  than  two  miles,  $1.50; 
for  each  additional  two  persons  in  the  same  party  or  family  50 


ferrocarril,  que  les  permiten  la  entrada,  en  beneficio  del  viajero 
en  todos  los  trenes  que  llegan.  El  agente  l  ecibe  el  cheque  del 
viajero  y  le  entrega  un  recibo  haciendo  responsable  a  la  compa- 
hla  que  representa  de  lo  que  a  el  se  confia.  Ab6nase  por  este 
servicio  50  centavos  por  cada  baul  que  se  pagaran  al  entregarlo. 
La  compania  de  Parmelee  facturara  el  equipaje  del  viajero  a  su 
regreso  del  hotel  al  punto  de  su  destino  presentandole  el  billete 
del  tren,  y  percibira  por  este  servicio  10  centavos.  El  precio  de 
los  coches  de  punto,  cabs  y  otros  vehiculos  de  dos  caballos,  esde 
$1  por  conducir  a  una  6  dos  personas  a  ana  distancia  que  no 
exceda  de  una  milla,  6  de  una  estacion  f  errea  a  otra;  mas  de  una 
milla  6  menos  de  dos,  $1.50  por  cada  dos  personas  de  la  misma 
familia,  y  por  cada  dos  personas  adicionales  50  centavos.  Cual- 
quier  distancia  mayor  de  dos  millas,  $2.  Los  ninos  de  cmco  a. 
14  anos  pagaran  la  mitad  El  presio  por  un  dia  es  de  $8.  Cada 
persona  puede  llevar  en  el  carruaje  sin  pagar  exceso  un  equipa- 
je que  no  pase  de  un  baul  y  25  hbras  m&s.  Entre  todos  los  de- 
p6sitos  y  los  principales  hoteles  circulan  omnibus  que  estan  en 
conexi6n  con  todos  los  trenes,  cuyo  precio  es  de  50  centavos. 
El  de  los  vehiculos  de  un  solo  caballo  es  de  25  centavos  por  cada 
pasajero  por  la  primera  milla  6  fraccion  de  ella,  y  a  cualquier 
distancia  despues  de  esta,  25  centavos  mas  por  uno  6  mas  pasa- 
jeros.  Por  horas.  la  primera  cuesta  75  centavos,  y  20  centavos 
mas  por  cada  cuarto  d6  hora  adicional.    Las  companias  de  cabs 


65 


eents.  Any  distance  more  than  two  miles  $2.00.  Children 
between  live  and  fourteen,  half  price.  Daily  rate,  $8.  Every 
passenger  may  have  conveyed  upon  such  carriage,  free,  his  ordi- 
nary traveling  baggage,  not  exceeding  in  any  case  one  trunk  and 
twenty-five  pounds  of  other  baggage.  Omnibuses  run  between 
all  the  depots  and  the  principal  hotels  connecting  with  all  trains. 
The  charge  is  50  cents.  The  rate  of  fare  for  hansom-cabs  or 
other  one-horse  vehicles  is  25  cents  for  each  passenger  for  the 
first  mile  or  fraction  thereof.  For  any  distance  after  the  first 
milo  for  one  or  more  passengers  25  cents.  For  the  first  hour  75 
eents.  For  each  quarter-hour  additional,  20  cents.  The  han- 
som-cab companies  charge  ]0  each  for  packages  too  large  to  be 
carried  inside.  The  coupes  are  governed  in  respect  to  baggage 
by  the  rules  relating  to  hacks.  Any  violation  of  the  regulations 
is  punishable  by  fine  and  imprisonment.  Imposition  is  punish- 
able. Do  not  quarrel  with  your  hackman.  Summon  the  nea- 
rest policeman  who  will  aid  you  to  maintain  your  rights. 

Chicago  possesses  one  of  the  most  complete  systems  of 
street  railways  in  the  world,  being  literally  gridironed  with  their 
tracks.  The  three  divisions  of  the  city  are  operated  by  separate 
companies  with  an  aggregate  of  396  miles  of  track.  The  cars 
are  used  by  about  600.000  persons  a  day.  The  fare  is  5  cents. 
Strangers  should  remember  that  street-cars  will  stop  only  at  the 


cargan  10  centavos  por  los  bultos  demasiado  grandes  que  se  lie- 
van  dentro  del  carruaje.  En  los  cupes  se  observan  las  mismas 
reglas  en  cuanto  a  equipajes  que  en  los  coches  de  punto.  Cual- 
quier  violacion  de  ellas  sera  castigada  con  multa  y  prision, 
siendo  tambi6n  punible  la  imposici6u.  Nunca  deben  tenerse 
cuestiones  con  los  cocheros,  sino  llamar  al  policia  m&s  pr6ximo, 
el  quo  hara  respetar  el  derecho  del  viajero. 

Chicago  posee  uuo  de  los  mds  completos  sistemas  de  tran 
via,  formando  literalmente  los  rails  una  parrilla.  Las  tres  par- 
tes en  que  se  divide  la  poblaci6n  est&n  explotadas  por  tres  com 
panias.  que  tienen  un  total  de  396  millas  de  rails.  Por  los  carros 
viajan  diariamento  unas  600,000  personas,  siendo  el  precio  de  5 
centavos.  Los  viajeros  deben  tener  presente  que  los  tranvias 
solo  se  paran  en  la  esquina  despu6s  de  cruzada  la  calle,  excepto 
en  las  cuadras  muy  extensas  dondo  los  puntos  de  parada  est&n 
marcados  por  signos  convenciouales. 

Hay  en  Chicago  tremta  y  dos  teatros  y  lugares  de  recreo  de 
prim  era  clase,  &  los  que  concurren  diariamente  de  20,000  a  25,000 
personas.  Entre  ellos  mencionaremos:  Auditorium,  Avenida 
Wabash  y  calle  Congress,  Academy  ot  Music,  calle  Halsted; 
Alhambra,  calle  State  y  Avenida  Archer:  Central  Music  Hall, 
calles  State  y  Randolph.  Chicago  Opera  House,  calles  Wash- 
ington y  Clark,  Columbia,  101.  calle  Monroe:  Criterion,  274,  calle 
Sedgwick;  Grand  Opera  House,  87,  calle  Clark;  Halsted  Street 


67 


further  side  of  street  crossings  except  in  the  middle  of  long 
blocks  where  stopping  places  are  indicated  by  signs. 

There  are  thirty-two  first  class  theatres  and  places  of  amuse- 
ment in  Chicago,  having  an  estimated  daily  attendance  from 
20,000  to  25,000  people.  Among  these  are  the  Auditorium,  Wa- 
bash Avenue  and  Congress  street;  Academy  of  Music,  Halsted 
street,  near  Madison  street;  Alhambra,  State  street  and  Archer 
Avenue;  <  entral  Music  Hall,  State  and  Randolph  streets;  Chica- 
go Opera  House,  Washington  and  Clark  street^,  Columbia.  101 
Monroe  street;  Criterion,  274  Sedgwick  street;  Grand  Opera 
House,  87  Clark  street;  Halsted  Street  Opera  House,  Halsted 
and  West  Harrison  streets;  Havliu's,  Wabash  Avenue  and  19fch 
street;  Haymarket,  West  Madison  street,  near  Halsted  street; 
Hooley's,  i49  Randolph  street;  Jacob's,  Kinzio  and  N.  Clark 
streets;  Madison  Street,  83  Madison  street;  MrViuker's,  82  Ma- 
dison street;  Olvmpic,  46  Clark  street;  People's,  State  street, 
near  Harrison  street;  Standard,  Halsted  and  Jackson  streets; 
Wiusor,  4GS  X.  Clark  street.  Orchestra  or  choice  balcony  seats 
cost  about  $1 .30.  Admission  from  25  to  50  cents.  At  some  of 
the  "popular"'  houses  the  prices  for  reserved  seats  are  as  low  as 
50  cents.  The  magnificent  Auditorium  which  occupies  nearly 
an  entire  square  has  a  frontage  of  187  feet  on  Michigan  Avenue, 
301  feet  on  Congress  Avenue  and  161  feet  on  Wabash  Avenue. 
The  structure  is  of  granite  and  brick,  ton  stories  in  height.  It 


Ooera  House,  calles  Halsted  y  West  Harrison;  Havlin,  Avenida 
Wabash  y  calle  19s.1;  Haymarket,  calle  West  Madison;  Hooley, 
140,  caile  Randolph;  Jacob,  calles  Kiuzie  y  N.  Clark;  Madison, 
street,  83  calle  Madison;  McVicker,  82,  calle  Madison;  Olympic, 
46,  calle  Clark;  People,  calle  State;  Standard,  calles  Halsted  y 
Jackson;  Windsor,  468  calle  N.  Clark.  Los  asiontos  de  orquesta 
y  de  galena  valen  $l.:")0,  y  los  billetes  do  entrada  do  25  &  50  cen- 
tavos.  En  algunos  de  los  mas  "populares"  los  precios  de  los 
asientos  reservados  no  pasan  de  50  centavos.  El  Auditorium, 
que  ocupa  casi  una  plaza  entera  tiene  un  freute  de  187  pies  en 
la  avenida  Michigan,  de  3G1  en  la  de  Congress  y  161 
en  la  de  Wabash.  El  edificio  es  de  granito  y  ladrillo, 
tiene  diez  pisos  y  86  halla  coronado  por  una  torre  cua- 
drada  de  40  pies  por  71  cuyo  extremo  superior  dista  del 
nivel  de  la  calle  309  pies.  Su  interior  tiene  5,000  asientos  y  ca- 
pacidad  para  8,000  personas.  Esta  construldo  a  prueba  de  fue- 
go,  y  su  costo  ascendio  a  £2  000.000.  Aquellos  A  quienes  guste 
fumar  y  tomar  relrescos  interin  oven  la  representaci6n,  satisfa- 
r'»n  gas  deseos.  en  el  Engel's  ( )pera  Pavilion,  409  al  Norte  de  la 
calle  Clark,  y  en  el  Bauuis  Pavilion,  calle  22?  y  Avenida  Cot- 
tage Grove. 

La  Libby  Prison  Museum,  Avenida  Wabash  y  calle  16?,  <  I 
palacio-prision  del  Sud,  fur  construid;i  en  1*45,  y  so  utilizo  pri- 
niero  como  dep6sito  de  taoaco.    Durante  la  guerra   civil,  nada 


68 


is  surmounted  by  a  square  tower  40  feet  by  71  feet  the  top  of 
which  stands  369  above  the  street.  The  interior  of  the  building 
contains  5,000  seats  and  has  a  total  capacity  for  8,000  persons 
Phe  building  is  fire-proof  and  has  a  stone  frontage  of  709  feet 
It  cost  about  -2,000,000.  Those  of  cosmopolitan  taste  who  desire 
to  smoke  and  partake  of  refresments  while  listening  to  staff  > 
entertainments  will  be  pleased  with  Engel's  Opera  Pavilion,  469 
North  Clark  street;  and  Bauni's  Pavilion,  22nd  street  and  Cot- 
tage Grove  Avenue. 

The  Libby  Prison  Museum,  Wabash  Avenue  and  15th  street 
the  palace  prison  of  the  South,  was  built  in  1845  of  imported 
brick  and  was  used  at  first  as  a  tobacco  warehouse.  During  the 
Civil  War,  1861  to  1864,  no  fewer  than  12,000  Union  soldiers 
were  confined  m  it  by  the  Confederate  government.  The  dun- 
geon was  bought  by  Chicago  capitalists  in  1889,  removed  to  this 
city  and  opened  as  a  National  War  Museum,  filled  with  thou- 
sands ot  important  relics  of  the  late  contest.  Another  attrac- 
tion is  John  Brown's  Fort,  1,311  Wabash  Avenue.  This  buil- 
ding, which  was  formerly  the  engine  house  connected  with  the 
arsenal  and  gun  factory  at  Harper's  Ferry,  Va.,  is  closely  as- 
sociated with  the  history  of  his  nation.  The  engine-house  was 
seized  by  Brown  during  his  struggle  to  free  the  slaves  of  the 
South  and  was  used  by  him  as  a  defence  against  the  attack  of 
the  United  States  Marines  and  Virginia  State  troops  under 


menos  que  12.000  soldados  de  la  Union  estuvieron  prisioneros 
en  ella  por  el  gobierno  confederado.  La  prision  fue  comprada 
en  J88t>  por  eapitalistas  de  Chicago,  y  trasfadada  a  esa  ciudad,  se 
aorio  como  museo  nacional  de  guerra,  ocupandolo  con  millares 
de  recuerdos  y  reliquias  de  la  ultima  campana.  Otro  edificio 
digno  de  mencion  es  la  fortaleza  de  John  Brown,  numero  1  311 
de  la  Avenida  Wabash,  que  primero  fue  deposito  de  maquinana 
en  conexion  con  el  arsenal  y  la  fabrica  de  cafiones  de  Harpers 
±  erry,  V  lrgima.  Brown  se  apodero  del  deposito  de  maquinas  en 
su  lucha  por  salvar  a,  los  esclavos  del  Sur,  e  hizo  uso  de  el  como 
delensa  contra  las  tropas  del  Estado  de  Virginia  mandadas  por 
el  entonces  Coronel  Robert  E.  Lee.  La  casa,  que  se  liberto  do 
los  horrores  de  la  guerra,  fue  comprada  despu^s  por  un  sindica- 
to  y  trasbdada  en  masa  a  Chicago,  donde  esta  adjunta  a  un 
hermoso  edificio  y  ocupada  con  curiosas  reliquias  de  la  esclavi- 
tud  y  de  los  dias  de  la  guerra.  Las  troneras  que  hizo  el  viejo  Osa- 
wotamie  Brown  para  hacer  f uego  a  sus  enemigos  se  conservan 
mtactas,  asi  como  muchos  restos  historicos  enlazados  con  la  vi- 
da  del  anciano  heroe.  El  ijrec-io  de  entrada  es  de  50  centavos 
Los  museos  de  4  10  centavos  la  entrada  son:  los  de  Kohl  y 
Middleton,  146  calle  C  ark,  y  calle  South  State,  y  el  de  Epstian, 
calle  Randolph,  cerca  de  la  de  Clark. 

Hay  en  Chicago  400,000  alemanes  por  lo  menos,  siendo 
muchos  los  excelentes  y  tianquilos  lugares  en  los  que  el  Bruder 


C9 


command  of  Colonel  (afterward  General)  Robert  E.  Lee.  The 
house  which  escaped  the  ravages  of  the  Civil  War  was  bought 
by  a  syndicate  of  wealthy  men  and  removed  bodily  to  this  city. 
It  is  enclosed  in  an  attrative  building  and  is  tilled  with  curio* 
and  relics  of  slavery  and  antc-b  Hum  days.  The  port-holes  made 
by  old  Ossawotamie  Brown  for  firing  on  his  foes  are  preserved 
intact  and  many  historical  relics  connected  with  the  life  of  the 
old  hero,  whose  "soul  goes  marching  on",  are  on  exhibition. 
The  price  of  admission  to  either  museum  is  50  cents.  Dime 
Museums  are  Kohl  and  Middleton's  146  Clark  street,  and  in 
South  State  street,  and  Epstean's,  Randolph  street,  near 
Clark  street.  There  are  at  least  400,000  Germans  in  Chicago 
out  of  its  population  of  1,4*28,31*,  and  many  are  the  excellent, 
quiet  and  simple  resorts  where  Jit  uder  Hans  spends  his  leisure 
hours.  Among  these  are  Thielmau's  Summer  Resort  on  the 
Lake  Shore  Drive  north  of  Lincoln  Park. 

The  leading  turfmen  when  in  Chicago  make  their  head- 
quarters at  the  Wellington  Hotel,  Chapin  and  Gore's,  73  Monroe 
street,  and  at  Harry  Varnell's  119  Clark  street.  The  Washington 
Park  Club,  at  South  Park  Avenue  and  6lst.  street,  is  a  most 
aristocratic  racing  association  and  has  one  of  the  best  tracks  in 
the  country.  It  may  be  reached  by  the  Illinois  Central  Railway 
or  by  the  State  Street  and  Cottage  Grove  cable  car  lines.  The 
Washington  Park  Derby  Day  in  June  or  July  which  opens  the 


Hans  pasa  sus  horas  do  asueto.  Eutro  ellos  eshi  la  estacion  de 
verano  de  Thielman  en  el  lago  Shere  Drive,  cerca  del  parque  de 
Lincoln.  Cuando  se  reiinen  en  Chicago  los  principales  aliciona- 
dos  a  las  earreras  de  caballos  tienen  su  centro  en  el  hotel  Wel- 
lington, Monroe  73  y  en  Varnell,  119  de  la  calle  Clark.  El  Wash- 
ington Park  Club,  en  South  Park  y  calle  61?  es 
una  de  las  asociaciones  mas  aristocraticas  de  las  de 
su  genero  y  posee  uno  de  los  mejores  hip6dromos  del 
pais.  Puedo  irse  &  61  por  el  ferrocarril  Illinois  Central  6  por 
los  tranvias  do  cable  de  la  calle  State  y  Cottage  Grove.  El  dia 
en  quo  so  inaugura  cu  la  estacion  do  verano  el  Derby  de  Wash- 
ington Park,  en  Junio  6  Julio,  es  un  acontecimiento  important «■. 
que  da  ocasion  a  que  las  bell  is  lozcan  su  hermosura  y  su  ele- 
gancia,  exhibiendose  en  prolong.ida  lila  de  lujosos  carruajes. 
Ese  dia  en  breve  so  considerara  on  Chicago  como  fiesta  anual. 
La  celebro  yegua  trotadora  Maud  S.  obtuvo  en  1S77  su  admirable 
victoria  en  el  Club  do  Garfield  Park. 

Los  habitantes  do  Chicago  son  inuy  aficionados  &  las  excur- 
siones  y  regatas  en  yate,  y  existen,  en  lasmargenes  del  lago  Mi- 
chigan, numeiosas  asociaciones  dedicadas  &  este  ejercicio  j 
entretenimiento.  Ent  re  el  as  citaremos  el  Chicago  xacht  Cluu 
y  el  Lincoln  Park  Yacht  Club.  Se  pueden  lletar  en  el  embarca- 
dero  de  Congn  ss  Street  emltareaciones  de  via  &  precios  que  v;i 
rian  do  $10  a  **20  al  dia.    Cuando  se  alquilau  por  hora  el  preeio 


summer  season,  is  an  important  occasion.  At  that  time  Michi^ 
gan  Avenue  Boulevard  is  a  blaze  of  color  from  the  toilets  of  the 
ladies  in  the  long  procession  of  carriages,  and  the  track  presents; 
a  remarkably  picturesque  appearance.  The  Chicago  Derby! 
will  soon  become  an  annual  holiday.  Maud  S.  the  celebrated 
trotter  made  her  wonderful  record  at  the  Garfield  Park  Club's 
track  in  1877. 

Chicago's  business  men  "go  in"  for  yachting  a  good  deal, 
and  associations  devoted  to  this  exercise  and  amusement  are 
numerous  along  the  Lake  Front.  Among  these  are  the  Chicago 
Yacht  Club  and  the  Lincoln  Park  Yacht  Club.  Sailing  vessels 
may  be  hired  at  the  foot  of  Congress  street  at  prices  ranging 
from  $10  to  $20  a  day.  For  hour  sails  the  rate  is  usually  25 
cents  for  each  person.  Fishermen  may  angle  for  large  lake 
perch  and  other  fish  from  the  various  wharves  extending  into 
the  lake.  The  best  fishing  will  be  found  on  the  Government 
Pier,  fare  for  the  round  trip  25  cents  from  Van  Buren  street 
and  the  Lake  Front. 

Athletic  sports  of  all  kinds  are  enjoyed  by  thousands  of 
citizens.  The  gymnasiums  of  the  Athenaeum  and  Young  Men's 
Christian  Association  are  justly  celebrated  for  the  excellence  of  | 
their  equipments.  There  ar  no  fewer  than  400  organized  base- 
bull  teams  in  Chicago.  These  furnish  and  amount  of  enthusiasm 
for  this  exercise  sufficient  to  make  the  principal  games  of  the 


es  de  unos  25  centavos  por  persona.  Desde  los  muelles  se  pue- 
den  pescar  corpulentas  percas  y  otros  peces.  Los  mejores  sue- 
len  hallarse  en  las  aguas  que  banan  el  muelle  del  gobierno,  a 
donde  se  puede  ir  desde  Van  Buren  street  por  25  centavos  viaie 
de  ida  y  vuelta. 

Miles  de  habitantes  de  Chicago  se  entregan  con  placer  a  los 
ejercicios  atleticos.  Los  gimnasios  del  Athenaeum  y  de  la  Aso- 
ciacion  de  J6venes  Cristianos  gozan  justa  fama  por  la  excelen- 
eia  de  sus  aparatos.  No  bajan  de  400  los  teams  de  jugadores  de 
pelota  (base-ball)  que  hay  en  Chicago,  y  es  tal  el  entusiasmo 
que  despierta  este  ejercicio,  que  se  ven  concurridisimas  las  par- 
tidas  jugadas  en  los  terrenos  de  Chicago  calie  35?  y  Wentworth 
Avenue,  bajo  los  auspicios  de  la  Liga  Xaeional  de  Pelotaris. 
En  Parkside,  a  donde  se  va  por  la  lmea  del  Ferrocarril  Central 
de  Illinois,  hasta  la  calle  167a,  se  suelen  verificar  las  partidas 
del  Pullman  Cricket  Club,  del  cual  forman  parte,  asi  como  de  la 
asociacion  de  jugadores  de  pelota,  numerosos  jovenes  nacidos 
en  Europa  6  hijos  de  europeos. 

Los  aficionados  a  la  bicieleta  eneontraran  amplio  y  comodo 
espacio  para  sus  carreras  en  los  parques  y  boulevards.  Hay 
diez  clubs  importantes  de  velocipedistas  que  eelebran  todos  los 
ahos  en  "Decoration  Day"  (30  de  Mayo)  una  brillantisima  carre-l 
ra  anual  a  Pullman,  y  parada  nocturna  con  linternas  chinas. 

Chicago  lleva  con  justicia  el  nombre  de  "Garden  City"  (Ciu-j 


71 


National  Base-ball  League  on  the  Chicago  grounds,  at  35th 
street  and  Wentworth  Avenue,  extremely  well  attended.  At 
Pnrkside,  reached  by  the  Illinois  Central  Railway  to  167th  street, 
the  games  of  the  Chicago  Cricket  Club  are  generally  played. 
The  Pullman  Cricket  Club  as  well  as  the  former  organization 
contains  many  young  men  of  European  birth  or  parentage  who 
naturally  take  much  interest  in  the  sport. 

The  parks  and  boulevards  offer  great  advantages  to  the 
lovers  of  the  bic  ycle.  There  are  about  ten  prominent  clubs 
whose  annual  road  ran  to  Pullman  on  Decoration  Day  and  Chi- 
nese Lantern  Parade  are  important  features  on  the  calendar 
most  inspected  by  pleasure  lovers. 

One  of  Chicago's  titles,  ''The  Garden  City",  is  derived  from 
her  broad  acreage  of  park  land  and  handsome  boulevards. 
Among  the  parks  are  Jackson,  586  acres;  Lincoln,  250  acres; 
"Washington,  371  acres;  Humboldt,  200  acres;  Garfield.  1*5  acres; 
Douglas  179  acres.  The  boulevard  system  adopted  by  the  "city 
fathers"  is  intended  to  connect  the  twenty-eight  parks  by  a 
series  of  continuos  driveways  circling  the  city,  bordered  with 
trees  and  edged  with  cool  verdant  lawns  on  either  side.  Moan- 
ted  police  are  stationed  at  various  points  to  mantain  order  and 
stop  immoderate  driving.  After  leaving  the  Lake  Front  Park  at  Mi- 
chigan Avenue  and  Park  How  the  visitor  is  borne  southward  along 
the  avenue  passing  the  Chicago  Club  house  at  Van  Boron  street. 


dad  Jardin),  y  uno  de  los  titulos  que  justifican  tal  denominacion 
es  la  grande  extension  de  sus  parques  y  hermosos  boulevards. 
Entre  los  priraeros  citaremos  los  de  Jackson,  58(5  acres;  Lincoln, 
250;  Washington,  371;  Humboldt,  200;  Garfield,  1S5  y  Douglas, 
170.  El  sistema  de  boulevards  adoptado  tieue  por  objeto  poner 
en  comunicaci6n  los  parques  por  una  serie  contiuua  de  umbro- 
sos  y  verdes  paseos  que  rodean  la  ciudad.  En  lugares  conve- 
nientes  hay  individuos  de  la  policia  montada.  para  mantener  el 
orden  y  evitar  que  circulen  con  excesiva  rapidez  los  carruajes. 
El  viaiero  que  saiga  de  Lake  Front  Park  por  la  avenida  Michi- 
gan y  Park  How,  con  direcci6n  Sur,  pasaia  al  llegar  a,  la  calle 
Van  Buren,  por  delante  del  edificio  del  Chicago  Club.  A  su 
izquierda  se  extiende  el  parquo  alcanzando  casi  las  margenes 
del  lago  Michigan,  cuyas  aguas  se  ven  surcar  numerosos  veleros 
y  r.ipidos  vapores.  En  la  calle  16?  vera  el  cuartel  del  ler.  Ke- 
gimiento,  semejante  a  un  castillo.  En  las  Avenidas  Michigan  y 
Prairie  estan  las  casas  de  vivieuda  do  mas  notable  gusto  arqui- 
tectonico.  En  la  esquina  de  la  calle  20'}  so  alza  el  edificio  del 
Calumet  Club,  estilo  Keina  Ana,  que  ha  costado  unos  ^250,000, 
En  f  rente,  la  2'?  iglesia  Presbiteriana  y  en  sus  cercanias  la  pri- 
mera  de  iguai  denominacion  y  la  Binagoga  de  la  Congregacidn 
del  Sinai.  Dos  manzanas  mas  adelante  y  con  el  ndraero  2,020 
de  La  calle  State,  la  estacion  motriz  do  la  Compania  de  Tranvias 
por  cable.    Al  llegar  il  la  calle  23?  se  pasa  auto  la  iglesia  bai»t  is- 


7?, 


On  his  left  lies  the  park  stretching  almost  to  the  shores  of  Lake 
Michigan  whose  waters  are  dotted  with  many  white  sails  and 
rapid  steamers.  The  Castle-like  Armory  of  the  1st  Regiment 
lies  at  16th  street.  In  Michigan  and  Prairie  avenues  the  best 
specimens  of  residential  architecture  may  be  seen.  At  tho  corner 
of  20th  street  stands  the  Calumet  Club  house  in  the  Queen  Anne 
style  wich  cost  about  $250,000  On  the  opposite  corner  stands 
the  Second  Presbyterian  Church.  Near  by  are  the  First  Presby- 
terian Church  and  the  Sinagoguo  of  the  Sinai  Congregation.  At 
2  020  State  street,  two  blocks  distant  is  the  power  plant  of  the 
City  Cable  Railway  Co.  The  Emmanuel  Baptist  Church  and  tho 
Unitarian  Church  of  the  Messiah  are  passed  at  23rd  street.  Near 
24th  street  are  Christ  Church  and  the  Moseley  Grammar  School. 
Plymouth  Congregational  Church,  a  handsome  structure,  and 
Trinity  P.  E.  Church  are  next  passed.  At  the  southeast  corner 
of  26rh  street  stands  Trinity  P.  E.  Church,  a  neat,  double-turret- 
ed  Gothic  structure  The  Douglas  Monument  stands  at  the  foot 
of  39th  street.  Tho  visitor  will  now  go  on  to  Washington  Park 
by  the  Drexel  Boulevard  which  is  more  than  a  mile  in  length, 
2U0  feet  wide  and  is  laid  out  after  the  model  of  the  famous  Ave- 
nue de  l'Irnperatrice,  Paris.  A  large  amount  of  money  has  been 
expended  on  the  two  South  parks,  Washington  and  Jackson. 
The  former  contains  one  of  the  largest  unbroken  lawns  in  the 
world,  besides  a  fine  Conservatory,  similar  to  the  famous  Kew 


ta  Emmanuel  y  la  del  Mesias;  y  cerca  de  la  calle  24?  se  ve  la  de 
oristo  y  la  eseuela  normal  de  Moseley.  Despues  se  desfila  ante 
la  lglesia  Plymouth  (eongregacionalista)  y  la  do  la  Trinidad 
(presbiteriana  episcopal),  fcm  la  esquina  Sud  de  la  calle  26'} 
esta  otra  de  igual  nombre  y  secta,  hermosa  estructura 
g6tica  con  dos  torres;  y  al  llegar  a  la  calle  3(J:.1  vera-  el  visitante 
el  Monumento  Douglas.  De  aqui  se  puede  pasar  al  Parque 
Washington  por  el  boulevard  Drexel,  que  tieno  mas  de  una  nu- 
lla do  largo  y  200  pies  de  audio,  parecieudo.se  por  su  disposicion 
a  la  famosa  Avenue  do  l'lmperatrice,  de  Paris,  cuyo'modelo 
sigue.  Considerables  dispeudios  so  han  hecho  en  los  dos  par- 
ques  del  Sud  (  Washington  y  Jackson).  El  primero  tiene  una 
de  las  mas  extensas  y  continuas  alfombras  de  cesped  del  mundo, 
ademas  de  Conservatorio  semejante  al  de  los  faniosisimos  Kew 
Gardens,  situados  en  las  inmediaciones  de  Londres.  El  trauvia 
de  cable  se  extiendo  desde  el  boulevard  Oakwood,  calle  39?  en 
direccion  Sud  hasta  la  calle  55'!,  partiendo  do  61  llneas  de  empal- 
me  al  Este  y  al  Oeste,  hasta  la  extremidad  Norte  del  Parque 
Jackson.  La  calle  55?  al  Oeste  del  Parque  Washington  y  du- 
rante la  extension  de  cinco  millas,  lleva  el  nombre  de  Boulevard 
Garfield.  Los  Parques  Washington  y  .Jackson  estan  unidos  por 
la  Avenida  Midway  Plaisance.  conteniendo  una  superlicie  total 
de  1,037  acres.  El  de  Washington  esta  limitado  por  la  calle  .".1  . 
Avenida  de  Cottage  Grove,  calle  G0;.1  y  la  Avenida  South  Park, 


74 


Gardens  near  London.  The  Cable-railway  extends  from  Oak- 
wood  Boulevard,  39th  street,  south  to  55th  street,  along  which  a 
connecting  line  runs  east  and  west  to  the  north  end  of  Jackson 
Park.  Fifty-fifth  street  for  about  five  miles  west  of  Washington 
Park  is  called  Garfield  Boulevard.  Both  Washington  and  Jack- 
son Parks  have  been  connected  by  Midway  Plaisance,the  whole 
enclosure  now  containing  1,037  acres.  Washingtou  park  is 
bounded  by  51st  street,  Cottage  Grove  avenue,  60th  street  and 
South  Park  aveuue,  an  extension  of  the  Grand  Boulevard. 
Jackson  Park,  the  site  of  the  Exposition,  is  bounded  north  by 
56th  street,  east  by  Lake  Michigan,  south  by  67th  street  and  west 
by  Stony  Island  avenue.  To  reach  the  parks  one  may  use  the 
cable-cars  on  Cottage  Grove  avenue,  on  Wabash  avenue  and 
those  on  State  street.  The  Illinois  Central  Eailway,  fare  25  cents 
round  trip,  and  South  Side  Elevated  Road,  fare  5  cents,  are  more 
rapid  methods  of  locomotion.  Lincoln  Park  may  be  visited  by 
the  North  Side  cable  road  or  by  steamboat  from  the  foot  of  Van 
Buren  street.  It  contains  a  life-size  statue  of  Abraham  Lincoln 
and  an  imposing  equestrian  monument  to  Ceneral  Grant  which 
was  unveiled  with  imposing  ceremonies  on  October  7th  1891,  in 
the  presence  of  about  160,000  persons.  Its  cost  was  $65,000,  the 
amount  having  been  raised  by  the  citiziens  of  Chicago  in  a  year. 
The  sculptor  was  Louis  T.  Rebisso,  an  Italian.  The  La  Salle 
Monument,  erected  in  1889  near  the  lake,  the  Ottawa  Indian 


que  es  una  prolongacion  del  Gran  Boulevard.  El  Parque  de 
Jackson,  donde  se  verificalaExposicion  Internacional,  tiene  por 
limites:  al  Norte  la  calle  56?;  al  Este  el  Lago  Michigan;  al  Sur, 
la  calle  67a  y  al  Oeste  la  Avenida  Stony  Island.  Para  ir  k  los 
parques  se  pueden  tomar  los  tranvias  de  cable  de  las  Avenidas 
Cottage  Grove  y  Wabash,  6  los  de  State  Street.  El  Ferrocarril 
Central  de  Illinois  (viaje  redondo  25  centavos)  y  el  elevado  de 
South  Side  (pasaje  5  centavos)  son  los  mas  r&pidos.  Al  Parque 
Lincoln  se  puede  ir  por  el  tranvia  de  cable  de  North  Side  6  por 
los  vap^res  que  zarpan  del  desembarcadero  de  Van  Buren  street. 
En  este  parque  hay  una  estatua  de  Abraham  Lincoln,  (tamaho 
natural)  y  un  monumento  ecuestre  del  general  Grant,  que  fue 
descubierto  eon  imponentes  ceremonias  el  7  de  Octubre  de  1891, 
en  presencia  de  160,000  personas..  Costo  $65,000  recogidos  en 
un  aho  entre  los  ciudadanos  de  Chicago,  y  fue  su  artifice  el 
escultor  italiano  Luis  T.  Rebisso.  El  Monumento  La  Salle,  eri- 
gido  en  1889  cerca  del  lago,  el  Monumento  Indio  Ottawa  y  un 
parque  zoologico  muy  bueno  son  dignos  de  verse,  asi  como  las 
estatuas  de  Linneo  y  Federico  Schiller,  las  lagunillas  con  her- 
mosa  vegetacion  acu&tica  y  la  fuente  electrica,  que  funciona 
desde  las  8  k  las  9  en  las  noches  serenas.  Por  el  verano  hay  en 
noches  determinadas  conciertos  por  distintas  bandas  de  musica 
militares. 

Entre  los  principales  edificios  comerciales  situados  en  el 


75 


Monument,  and  a  carefully  appointed  menagerie  are  well  worth 
seeing.  Statues  of  Linnaeus  and  Frederic  von  Schiller,  water- 
ily  ponds  and  a  handsome  electric-fountain,  which  is  in  operat- 
on  from  8  until  9  o'clock  on  pleasant  evenings,  are  a'few  of  the 
attractions  of  this  brilliant  emerald  adornment.  During  the 
summer,  open-air  concerts  are  given  on  certain  evenings  by 
various  military  bands. 

Among  some  of  the  principal  commercial  buildings  located 
within  the  space  bounded  by  the  Chicago  Kiver  on  the  North 
and  West,  Harrison  street  on  the  soutlff  and  the  lake  on  the 
east  are:  Rand  McNally,  1G0  Adams  street;  Rookery,  Marshall 
Field  &  C  o's.,  Fifth  Avenue  and  Adams  street;  Insurance  Ex- 
change; J.  V.  Farwell  &  Co's,  Riftlto,  Homo  Insurance  and 
Pojnix.  These  last  four  structures  cost  about  $1  000,000  each. 
Other  buildings  are  Siegel,  Cooper  &  (Vs.,  Pullman,  Unity, 
Ashland  Block,  Herald  and  Schiller.  Probably  the  most  lofty 
office  building  in  the  world  is  the  20  story  Masonic  Temple  at 
State  and  Randolph  streets.  The  Temple  at  La  Salle  and  Mon- 
roe streets,  built  by  the  Woman's  Temperance  Building  Asso- 
ciation, is  one  of  the  finest  examples  of  architecture  in  the  city. 
Its  stvle  is  French  Gothic.  The  structure  cost  $1. 100,000.  The 
Chicago  Title  and  Trust  Co.,  a  corporation  capitalized  at 
$1,500*000,  occupies  offices  in  its  17  story  structure,  at  90  Wash- 
ington street,  which  cost  $1,300,000. 


Lpacio  que  limitan  el  Rio  Chicago  por  el  Norte  y  el  Oeste,  la 
,  caile  de  Harrison  por  el  But  y  el  lago  por  el  Este.  citaremcs  los 
que  sieuen:  el  Rand  McNallv,  calle  Adams,  1G0;  el  de  Marshal- 
Field  &  Co.,  5?  Avenida  y  Adams  Street;  Lonja  de  Seguros;  J- 
V  Parwell  &  Co.,  Rialto,  compamasde  Seguros  Homo  y  Phoenix 
Los  de  las  ultimas  cuatro  costaron  un  millon  de  pesos  cada,  uno. 
Otros  edificios  dignos  de  verse  son:  el  de  Siegel,  Cooper  &  Co.; 
Pullman,  Unity,  Ashland  Block,  Herald  y  Schiller.  LI  mas  alto  del 
mundo  con  destino  a  oficinas  es  probablemente  el  llamado  lem- 
plo  Masonico,  que  tieno  veinte  pisos  y  esta  situado  en  las  calles 
State  y  Randolph.  El  editicio  construido  en  las  calles  La  Salle 
y  Monroe  por  la  Asociacion  de  Construcciones  de  la  Templanza 
Femenina  es  uno  de  los  mejores  ejemplares  arqaiteetonicos  de 
la  ciudad.  Perteneco  al  orden  gotico  francos  y  ha  costado 
$1  100,000.  La  Chicago  Title  and  Trust  Company,  que  posee  un 
capital  do  millon  y  medio  de  pesos,  ocupa  oficinas  en  su  edificio 
do  piedra,  do  diez  y  sieto  pisos,  que  lleva  el  numero  90  de  la 
calle  do  Washington  y  ha  costado  $1,300,000. 

En  Chicago  oxisten  unos  veinticinco  Bancos  nacionales  con 
un  capital  colectivo  y  un  sobrante  ascendentes  a  36  millones  de 
pesos  el  17  do  Mayo  do  1892.  Los  depositos  en  dichas  mstitu- 
ciones  no  bajaban  de  145  millones  de  pesos  y  sus  prestamos 
comereiales  pasaban  de  100  millones.  A  la  cabeza  de  est  as  nis- 
tituciones  liuancieras  esta  el  Primer  Banco  Nacional,  trasladado 


76 


There  are  about  twenty-five  National  banks  in  Chicago 
I  he  amount  of  their  capital  and  surplus  amounted  to  nearly  36 
million  dollars  on  May  17,  1892.  They  held  deposits  amounting 
to  about  14o  million  dollars  and  the  amount  of  their  commercial 
loans  was  over  100  million  dollars.  At  the  head  of  these  finan- 
cial concerns  is  the  First  National  Bank  which  has  lately  moved 
into  its  new  building  at  Dearborn  and  Monroe  streets.  The  Chi- 
cago National  Bank  on  the  opposite  corner,  though  much  youn- 
ger, has  an  established  reputation. 

Lake  Michigan,  the  second  in  size  of  the  five  great  fresh 
water  lakes  is  the  only  one  lying  entirely  within  the  United 
States.  Its  length  is  320  miles,  its  breadth  about  70  miles  and 
its  mean  depth  about  1,000  feet,  This  vast  body  of  water  stands 
5/8  ieet  above  sea-level  and  has  a  lunar  tidal  wave  of  aboat  3 

IS  JLS-*  j  i  th  an  area  of  22'000  scLuare  miles>  Lake  Michigan  is 
the  third  largest  body  of  fresh  water  on  the  face  of  the  earth. 
Its  principal  ports  besides  Chicago  are  Milwaukee  and  Grand 
Haven.  With  the  lower  lakes  and  the  St.  Lawrence  River  it 
forms  a  natural  outlet  to  the  sea  for  one  of  the  richest  grain 
growing  regions  in  the  world.  The  voyage  by  water  from  Chi- 
cago to  Liverpool  is  only  4,500  miles,  over  one  half  of  which  is 
on  inland  waters.  The  Government  harbor,  when  completed, 
will  include  a  sheltered  space  16  feet  deep,  covering  270  acres 
with  comunicatmg  slips  along  the  lake  front  covering  185  acres! 


recientemente  a  su  nuevo  edificio,  calles  Dearborn  y  Monroe 
El  Banco  Nacional  de  Chicago,  sicuado  en  la  esquina  de  enfrenl 
te,  tiene  sOhda  nombradia,  aunque  es  mucho  menos  antiguo 

El  lago  Michigan,  es  el  unico  situado  en  su  totalidad  en  los 
Estados  Unidos.  Tiene  320  millas  de  largo,  unas  70  de  ancho  y 
una  profundidad  media  de  1,000  pies.  Este  inmenso  deposito  de 
agua  se  halla  situado  a  578  pies  sobre  el  nivel  del  mar  y  tiene 
flujo  yreflujo  lunar  (mareas)  aproximadamente  de  3  pul^adas 
Con  su  extension  superficial  de  22,000  millas  cuadradas  el  La«-o 
Michigan  es  el  tercero  de  agua  dulce  que  existe  en  el  mundo 
bus  puertos  principals,  ademas  de  Chicago,  son  Milwaukee  y 
Grand  Haven.  En  union  de  los  lagos  bajos  y  el  Rio  San  Loren- 
zo, da  salida  natural  al  mar  a  los  productos  de  una  de  las 
mas  ncas  comarcas  graneras  que  existen  en  el  mundo  El 
viage  por  agua  de  Chicago  a  Liverpool  no  excede  de  4.500  mi- 
llas, mas  de  la  mitad  en  aguas  interiores.  El  puerto  del  gobier- 
no  una  vez  termmado,  tendra  un  espaeio  de  anclaje  y  abruro 
para  buques,  de  270  acres  de  extension  y  16  pies  de  fondo,  con 
atracaderos  y  muelles  en  comunicacion  entre  si  en  las  orillas  del 
lago,  que  ocuparan  una  extension  total  de  185  acres.  En  estas 
cifras  no  esta  incluido  el  lugar  de  anclaje  que  ofrece  el  Rio  Chi- 
cago. Un  rompeolas  exterior  de  6,000  pies  de  largo  protege  a 
los  buques  en  la  boca  del  rio.  El  litoral  fluvial  de  Chicago  mide 
58  millas,  de  ellas  22  navegables.  En  el  puerto  de  Chicago  estan 


77 


The  harborage  afforded  by  the  Chicago  River,  is  not  contained 
in  this  estimate.  An  outer  breakwater  about  6,000  feet  long 
protects  vessels  entering  the  mouth  of  the  river.  Chicago  has  a 
river  frontage  of  58  miles,  22  miles  of  which  is  navigable.  There 
are  registered  in  the  port  of  Chicago  about  350  vessels  valued 
at  more  than  $4,000,000.  The  entries  during  August  averaged 
56  a  day;  the  clearances  about  the  same.  The  duties  collected 
on  foreign  imports  during  that  period  amounted  to  over  5 
million  dollars. 

The  General  Post-office  is  situated  in  the  heart  of  the  busi- 
ness centre  of  the  city,  and  occupies,  with  the  Custom  House, 
Federal  Courts  and  United  States  Department  offices,  the  block 
bounded  by  Adams,  Clark,  Jackson  and  Dearborn  streets.  The 
building  and  lot  cost  about  $5,000,000.  The  amount  of  business 
done  is  immense:  842  clerks  and  769  carriers  are  employed.  No 
fewer  than  300  clerks  aro  engaged  in  the  railway  post-offices, 
over  254  million  pieces  of  mail  matter  were  delivered  in  1891. 
Seventy  per  cent  of  the  mail  matter  arriving  during  each  twenty- 
four  hours  is  delivered  before  9  a.  m.  each  day.  The  visitor  may 
easily  summon  a  uniformed  messenger  to  perform  all  sorts  of 
duties.  Telephones  are  as  numerous  in  Chicago  as  in  the 
Metropolis. 

The  citizens  of  Chicago,  notwithstanding  their  fervid  busi- 
ness zeal,  have  made  a  splendid  provision  for  the  education  of 


matriculadas  unas  350  embarcaciones  valuadas  en  cuatro  millo- 
nes  de  pesos.  Las  entradas  en  el  mes  do  Agosto  fueron  por 
prmino  medio  56  al  dia  y  aproximadamente  iguales  las  salidas. 
Los  derechos  de  importation  sobre  mercaderias  extranjeras  du- 
rante el  periodo  mencionado,  ascendieron  &  mils  de  5  millones 
de  pesos. 

La  Administration  central  de  Correos  est:!  situada  en  el 
centro  comercial  y  ocupa,  con  la  Aduana,  los  Tribunales  federa- 
les  y  las  oficinas  do  los  Estados  Unidos,  la  manzana  limitada 
por  las  calles  Adams,  Clark,  Jackson  y  Dearborn.  El  terreno  y 
edificio  costaron  unos  $5,000,000.  Las  operaciones  que  alii  se 
hacen  son  inmensas,  dando  empleo  &  842ofieiales,  y  769  carteros. 
En  las  oficinas  de  corn-os  por  ferrocarril  hay  nada  menos  de 
300  empleados.  En  1891  se  repartieron  sobre  254  millones  do 
efectos  postales.  El  70  por  ciento  de  los  que  llegan  cada  24  bo- 
ras se  entregan  antes  de  his  9  de  la  mahana.  So  pueden  utilizar 
los  servicios  do  todas  clases  de  mensajeros  uniformados.  Los 
tel6fonos  son  tan  numerosos  como  en  Nueva  York. 

A  pesar  do  su  constante  consagraci6n  &  los  negocios,  los 
habitantes  de  Chicago  no  han  descuidado  proveer  ampliamenle 
a  la  educacion  de  sus  hi.jos.  En  comunidad  tan  mercantil.  hay 
253  escuelas  piiblicas,  primarias  y  superiores;  15  colegios  de  ju- 
risprudencia,  medicina  y  teologia;  6  academias  artisticas  y  cien- 
tlficas  y  dos  universidades.    En  escuelas  piiblicas  so  gastan 


73 


their  children.  Two  hundred  and  fifty-three  public,  primary, 
grammar  and  high  schools;  fifteen  colleges  of  law,  medicine  anil 
theology;  six  academies  devoted  to  art  and  science  and  two 
universities  are  not  the  murks  of  a  community  given  up  wholly 
to  the  acquisition  of  money.  There  are  no  fewer  than  three 
hundred  and  seventy  nine  public  schools.  About  four  million 
dollars  is  expended  annually  for  this  branch  of  education.  Vi- 
pitors  interested  in  educational  matters  will  bo  permitted  to  vi- 
sit any  of  the  schools.  The  University  of  Chicago,  fronting  on 
Midway  Plaisance,  has  been  greatly  benefitted  by  the  gifts  of 
John  D  Rockefeller  amounting  to  $2.60  >,U00.  About  1,000  stud- 
ents attended  the  preliminary  examinations  in  1^32  when  the 
new  University  was  opened.  No  fewer  than  ten  thousand  young 
men  and  women  have  enjoyed  the  educational  avantages  of  the 
Chicago  Athemeum.  The  Northwestern  University,  located  at 
Evanston,  eleven  miles  north  of  Chicago,  has  one  of  the  most 
valuable  reference  libraries  in  the  country.  Other  institutions 
of  learning  are  :  the  Union  College  of  Law,  80  Dearborn  street; 
the  College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons,  West  Harrison  and  Ho- 
nore  streets,  and  the  Rush  Medical  College,  Harrison  and  Wood 
streets.  The  theological  colleges  are  the  Carrett  Biblical  Insti- 
tute, at  Evanston;  the  Baptist  Union  Theological  Seminary, 
Morgan  Park;  the  Chicago  Theological  Seminary,  the  Presbyte- 


anualmente  4  millonos  de  pesos.  El  viajero  puede  visitar  cual- 
quiera  de  estas  institucionus.  Lj,  Universidad  do  Chicago,  situa- 
da  el  Midway  Plaisance,  ha  sido  muy  beueficia  la  con  las  dadi- 
vas  de  John  D.  Roekfeller,  asceudentes  a  $2,600,000.  Al  inau- 
gurate on  1892  lanuovauniversidadsufneron  examen  prelimiuar 
unos  rail  estudiantes.  En  el  Ateneo  de  Chicago  han  estudiado 
no  menos  de  diez  mil  jovenes  de  ambos  sexos.  La  Universidad 
del  Noroeste,  situada  en  Evanston,  11  millas  al  Norte  do  Chica- 
go, tiene  una  de  las  mejores  bibliotecas  del  pais.  H6  aqui  otras 
instituciones  del  saber:  Colegio  Uni6n  do  Abogacia,  60  Dearborn 
street;  Colegio  de  Medicos  y  Cirujanos,  West  Harrison  y  Honore 
streets;  Colegio  Rnish,  do  Medicina,  Harrison  y  Wood  streets. 
Los  colegios  do  Teologia:  son  el  Instituto  Biblico  Garrett, 
Evanston;  Baptist  Union  Theological  Seminary,  Morgan  Park; 
Chicago  Theological  Seminary  of  the  Northwest,  North  llalsted 
street;  y  Colegio  do  San  Iguaeio,  West  12th  street. 

La  Biblioteca  Publica  de  La  Salle,  Washinton  street,  presto 
para  leer  2. 1 15,^86  libros  en  el  ano  finado  el  M  do  Mayo  1892. 

Entro  los  clubs  sociales  de  Chicago  el  mas  prorainento  es  el 
Union  League.  Su  hermoso  edificio  en  Jack>on  street  y  Custom 
House  Place,  es  verdadero  ernato  do  la  ciudad.  Tambien  son 
dignas  de  menci6n  las  residencias  do  los  clubs  siguientes:  Argo, 
a  la  extremidad  do  la  callo  Randolph;  Chicago,  Monroe  al  Esto 
de  la  calle  State;  Illinois,  avenida  A-hlaud,   154;  Iroquois, 


30 


rian  Theological  Seminary  of  the  Northwest,  North  Halsted 
street,  and  St.  Ignatius  College,  West  l^th  street. 

The  Public  Library  at  La  Salle  and  Washington  streets 
issued  2.115,386  books  during  the  year  ending  May  31  1892. 

Among  the  social  clubs  of  Chicago  the  Union  League  is  the 
most  prominent.  Its  handsome  house  at  Jackson  street  and 
Custom  House  Place  is  one  of  the  ornaments  of  the  city.  Other 
club  houses  are:  Argo,  foot  of  Randolph  street;  Chicago,  Monroe 
street,  East  of  State  street;  Illinois,  154  Ashland  avenue;  Iro- 
quois, 110  Monroe  street;  La  Salle,  252  West  Monroe  street: 
Standard,  Michigan  avenue  and  13th  street;  Union  Club,  Wash- 
ington Place  and  Dearborn  a  venue. 

The  National  Guard  is  represented  by  two  regiments  of  in- 
fantry, a  battery  of  artillery  the  Chicago  Hussars  and  various 
other  military  organizations.  Chicago  is  the  headquarters  of  the 
Military  Division  of  Missouri,  Gen.  Nelson  A.  Miles  command- 
ing. The  nearest  U.  S.  military  post  is  at  Fort  Sheridan,  twenty 
five  miles  distant.  There  are  about  600  officers  and  men  station- 
ed at  there. 

The  sick  and  disabled  are  cared  for  at  the  twenty-four  hos- 
pitals and  free  dispensaries.  Among  these  are:  Cook  County 
Hospital,  West  Harrison  and  Polk  streets;  Mercy  Hospital, 
Calumet  avenue  and  2Cth  street;  Michael  Reese  Hospital,  Grove- 
land  avenue  and  39th  street;  Presbyterian  Hospital  Congress 


Monroe,  110;  La  Salle,  West  Monroe,  252;  Standard,  avenida 
Michigan  y  calle  13?;  Union,  Washington  Place  y  avenida 
Dearborn. 

La  Guardia  Nacional  consta  de  dos  regimientos  de  Infante- 
ria,  una  bateria  de  Artilleria,  los  Husares  de  Chicago  y  otros 
cuerpos  armados.  Chicago  es  el  cuartel  general  de  la  Division 
Militar  de  Missouri,  cuyo  comandante  es  el  general  Nelson  A. 
Miles.  El  puesto  militar  mas  inmediato  se  halla  en  Fuerte  She- 
ridan, distante  25  millas;  su  guarnicion,  600  hombres,  entre  ofi- 
ciales  y  soldados. 

Los  enfermos  reeiben  asistencia  gratis  en  24  hospitales  ydis- 
pensarios,  entre  los  cuales  meneionaremos  los  siguientes:  Hos- 
pital de  Cook  County,  calles  West  Harrison  y  Polk:  idem  de  la 
Merced,  avenida  Calumet  y  calle  26?;  Michael  Reese,  ave- 
nida Groveland  y  calle  39?;  Presbiteriano,  calles  Congress  y 
Wood;  Hospital  federal  de  Marina,  Lake  View.  Pasmo  del 
mundo  ha  sido  la  elevaeion  de  Chicago  desde  la  obseuri- 
dad  al  pinaculo  de  la  grandeza  comercial.  Su  fama  como  centro 
granero  y  mercado  de  ganado  vivo  es  tan  universal  como  legiti- 
ma.  La  mas  antigua  de  sus  industrias  es  la  de  curacion  y  envase 
de  carnes.  En  18J1  se  recibieron  cerca  de  9  millones  de  cerdos, 
3  y  medio  de  ganado  vacuno  y  mas  de  2  millones  de  reses  lana- 
res,  cuyo  valor  total  se  estima  en  $239,434,777.  Los  embarques 
durante  ese  periodo  ascendieron  a  unos  3  millones  de  cerdos  vi- 


SI 


nd  "Wood  streets;  U.  S.  Marine  IIospital,  Lake  View.  Chicago's 
ise  from  obscurity  to  commercial  greatness  is  one  of  the  great- 
st  marvels  in  the  history  of  the  world.  Its  fame  as  a  great 
rain  aud  live-stock  market  has  spread  far  and  wide.  Meat 
packing  is  the  oldest  of  the  city's  industries.  In  1891  the  re- 
eipts  wore  close  upon  9  million  hogs,  3V£  million  cattle  and 
•ver  2  million  sheep,  the  total  value  being  estimated  al  $239.- 
:U,7?7.  The  shipments  during  that  period  were  about  3  mil- 
ion  live  hogs,  122,  !-.'>  dressed  hogs,  more  than  1  million  cattle, 
lose  upon  1  million  sheep,  nearly  9  mi'lion  pounds  of  dressed 
•eef,  278,044  barrels  of  pork,  about  4  million  pounds  of  lard,  2 
million  pounds  of  hides  and  over  57  million  pounds  of  wool.  The 
Jnion  Stock  Yards  cover  400  acres.  In  3.300  pens,  1,8G0  covered 
.nd  1,500  open,  provi>ion  is  made  for  handling  at  one  time  25,00i> 
attle,  15,000  sheep,  and  l.'AooO  hoes.  The  yards  contain  twenty 
jailes  of  streets,  twenty  five  miles  of  troughs,  lit'ty  miles  of 
eeding-trou«rhs  and  seventy  five  miles  of  water  aud  drainage 
|»ipes.  "Water  is  obrained  from  artesian  willes  driven  to  a  depth 
•f  1/230  feet.  There  are  eighty-seven  miles  of  railway  tracks, 
he  yards  being  accessible  to  all  the  great  lines.  The  entire  cost 
Vas  4  millions.  About  1,200  men  are  regularly  employed.  The 
aeat  packing  establishment  of  Messrs.  Armour  and  Co.,  for 
xample,  occupies  70  acres  of  flooring  and  employs  4,0  )0  men 
The  yards  may  be  reached  by  the  State  Street  cable  road.  The 


'os,  122, 1S5  de  cerdo  preparado  y  envasado,  un  niillon  de  vacas* 
in  millon  de  carnoros  y  9  millones  de  libras  de  carne  de  vaca; 
\demas  de  278,044  barriles  do  carne  de  puerco,  4  millones  de 
iibras  demanteca,  2  millones  libras  de  cueros,  y  sobre  57  millones 
libras  de  lana.  El  rastro  do  paualo  Union,  oenpa  una  super&cie 
lie  400  acres.  Hay  o,300  cuadras,  de  ellas,  1,800  tei-hadas  y  1,500 
lescubiertas,  en  las  que  pueden  acomolarse  &  La  vez  25,  )00  bue- 
I'es,  15,0U0  carneros  y  150, UO0  cerdos.  En  ostos  inmensos  corrales 
lay  20  millas  de  calles,  25millasde  do;  najos  de  abrevar,  50  millas 
le  dornajos  de  comer  y  75  millas  de  canen'a  de  abastecimieuto 
T  de  desagiie,  obteuiendoso  el  liquido  de  pozos  artoianos  que 
ienen  uaa  profumiidad  do  1,230  pies.  Existen  ademas  87  millas 
le  ferrocarril,  estando  en  comunieaci6n  el  Bastro  con  todas  las 
principales  lineas  que  a  Chicago  alluyen.  El  costo  total  ha  sido 

H.  000,000  y  el  niimero  de  personas  que  hallan  empleo  regular  es 

I,  200.  El  estabiecimiento  do  salazones  y  envases  de  carne  de 
.os  senores  Armour  y  Ca.,  ocupa  una  extension  de  70  acres,  y 
la  trabajo  a  4,<  00  hombres.  Se  puedo  ir  a  61  por  el  tranvia  de 
;able  de  la  calle  State.  * 

Chicago,  por  sn  situaci6n  geografica,  os  el  centro  natural 
para  el  cambio  de  los  productos  del  Este  y  del  Oeste.  En  sus 
^raneros  y  elevadores  se  vacian  los  cereale-!  procodeutes  de  los 
inmensos  camoos  del  Neroesto.  En  1891  los  recibos  de  ^ranos 
iscendieron  a  231. S2 1,529    bushels,   valuados  en  130  millones  de 


82 


city  from  its  geographical  situation  is  the  natural  depot  for  the 
exchange  of  the  products  of  the  East  and  West.  Into  her  ele-' 
vators  pour  the  harvests  from  the  great  wheat  fields  of  the 
Northwest.  In  1891  the  total  receipts  of  breadstuffs  were  231. -l 
821,529  bushels,  valued  at  136  million  dollars,  and  the  shipments 
over  200  million  dollars  bushels.  The  twenty-seven  elevators 
have  an  aggregate  capacity  of  over  30  million  bushels.  The  re-f 
ceipts  of  lumber  in  1891  were  in  excess  of  two  thousand  million 
feet;  the  shipments  about  one  thousand  million  feet.  The' 
number  of  shingles  was  over  300  million  and  the  total  shipments 
was  close  upon  one  hundred  million.  The  lumber  district  lies 
south  of  22nd  street  between  Halsted  street  and  Ashland  avenue.; 
At  the  end  of  1891  there  were  3,250  manufacturing  establish-1 
ments  in  the  city,  exclusive  of  those  of  food  products.  The 
number  of  employes  was  177,000,  their  wages  amounting  to  96 
million  dollars.  The  capital  employed  was  near  to  200  million 
dollars  and  the  value  of  the  products  was  about  555  million  dol- 
lars. The  entire  trade  of  the  city  during  that  year  was  estimated 
at  1,459  million  dollars.  There  are  6  great  rolling  mills,  28 
foundries,  89  machinery  and  boiler  works,  and  70  galvanic  iron, 
tin  and  roofing  works.  The  new  granite  building  of  the  Board 
of  Trade  stands  at  the  foot  of  La  Salle  street.  The  business 
transacted  is  confined  to  farm  products  and  is,  of  course,  large- 


pesos,  y  se  reexpidieron  por  valor  de  200  millones.  La  capacidad  j 
colectiva  de  los  27  elevadoros  excede  de  30  millones  de  hushehj 
Los  arribos  de  madera  en  1891  pasaron  de  2,000  millones  de  pies:  j 
los  embarques  de  1,000  millones.    El  numero  de  tablas  fue  del 
300  millones  6  mas,  y  los  embarques  totales  se  acercaron  a  cier  * 
millones.    Los  almacenes  de  maderas  se  hallan  situados  at  Sud  i 
de  la  calle  22?,   entre  la  de  Halsted  y  la  avenida  Ashland.  A 
terminar  1891  habia  en  la  ciudad  3,250  cstablecimientos  indus-  2 
triales,  sin  contar  los  destinados  a  productos  aiimenticios.  Er 
ellos  trabajaban  177,000  personas,  ascendiendo  sus  jornales  a  9( 
millones  de  pesos.    El  capital  empleado  era  cerca  de  200  millo' 
nes  de  peso3,  y  el  valor  de  los  productos  fue  de  unos  555  millo 
nes.    El  comersio  total  de  la  ciudad  en  ese  aho  se  calcula  ei 
1,459  millones  de  pesos.    Hay  6  inmensas  fabricas  laminadoras 
28  f undicione^,  89  fabricas  de  maquinaria  y  calderas,  y  70  de 
hierro  galvanizado,  estaho  y  planchas  para  techados.  El  edifici< 
de  granito  de  la  Junta  de  Comercio  esta  en  la  extremidad  de  ll 
calle  La  Salle.    Los  negocios  que  en  el  se  verifican   son  purai 
mente  de  especulacion  y  solo   referentes  a  productos  agricolas 
id  informe  de  los  Baneos  asociados  correspondiente  al  aho  189 
acusa  transacciones  ascendentes  a  mas  de  104  millones  de  pesos 
Chicago  es  el  centro  en  que  convergen  76,865  millas  de  ferro 
carril.    A  sus  enormes  7  estaciones  terminales,  de  las  que,  1; 
llamada  Union  Depot,  situada  en  las  calles  Canal  y  Adams  e 


j  speculative.  Tho  Board  Clearing  House  statement  for  1891 
.hows  clearing  to  the  amount  of  over  104  million  dollars. 

Chicago  is  the  centre  of  76,8(>.~>  miles  of  railway.  The  trains  of 
10  fewer  than  thirty-five  different,  companies  are  accommodated 
n  her  seven  huge  terminal  stations  of  which  tho  Union  Depot, 
}anal  and  Adams  streets,  is  one  of  the  largest  and  finest  in  the 
vorld.  Other  stations  are:  Michigan  Southern  and  Rock  Island, 
vTan  Buren  street;  Chicago  and  North- Western,  Wells  and  Kin- 
ue  streets;  Dearborn,  Dearborn  and  Polk  streets;  and  Grand 
Central.  About  270  through,  express  and  mail  trains  arrive  or 
eave  every  day.  During  the  same  period  660  local  suburban  or 
iccommodation  trains;  274  merchandiso_freight  trains  and  1G4 
jrain,  stock  and  lumber  train 3. 

The  reader  who  has  labored  through  this  condensed  guide 
Doard  to  this  point  deserves  to  be  rewarded  with  a  glimpse  of 
;hat  modern  Eden,  tho  World's  Fair  Grounds. 


[una  de  las  inayoros  y  mejores  del  mundo,  acuden  los  trenes  do 
nada  nieiios  <pie  do  treinta  y  cinco  compahias  diferentes.  Otras 
estaciones  son  las  de  las  lineas  Michigan  Southern  y  Kock  Is- 
land, calle  Van  Buren;  Chicago  and  Northwestern,  calles  Wells 
and  Kin/ie;  Dearborn.  Dearborn  v  Polk;  y  Grand  Central.  El 
movimiento  de  entradas  y  salidas  do  t  renes  expresos  da  270  por 
iia;debiendo  eontarse  adomas  <>u  >  trenes  onlinarios  de  pasajeros. 
274  de  carga  do  mercaderias  y  164  de  granos,  ganados  y  maderas, 
que  igualmente  outran  y  salen  on  el  mismo  periodo. 

El  lector  (pie  haya  teni<lo  la  paciencia  de  leer  hasta  aqui 
jesta  guia  condensada,  inereee  la  recompensa  de  una  ojeada  al 
Para iso  Moderno,  los  terre  tos  de  la  Exposicion  Internacional. 


85 

WORLD'S  FAIR. 


HE  peoplo  of  the  United  States,  mindful  of  the  remarkable 
success  of  the  Centennial  Exposition  held  at  Philadelphia 
in  187G,  and  conscious  of  the  country's  wonderful  progress 
in  science,  art  and  material  resources  sinco  that  time,  have  been 
discussing  for  several  years  the  proyect  of  holding  the  present 
International  Exposition  in  celebration  of  the  four-hundred 
anniversary  of  the  discovery  of  America  by  Columbus. 

In  the  spring  of  1890  so  muchinterest  was  aroused  that  plans 
began  to  take  a  definite  shape.  A  number  of  cities  including  New 
York,  Saint  Louis  and  Washington  pressed  Chicago  closely  in  the 
race  to  obtain  from  Congress  the  honor  of  entertaining:  the  nations 
of  the  world.  After  a  masterful  presentation  of  the  advantages 
offered  by  each  contestant,  the  National  Commission,  composed 
of  the  representatives  of  every  State  and  Territory  in  the  United 
States,  chose  Chicago.  Her  citizens  were  compelled  to  furnish 
an  acceptable  situation  for  holding  the  fair  and  pledged  themsel- 
ves to  raise  at  least  $10,000,000  to  promote  the  enterprise. 

The  reader  my  be  interested  in  the  following  list  of  expend- 
itures compiled  by  the  Ways  and  Means  Committee:  Organiza- 
tion,   $;-5,30«,5b3;   operating  expenses,   $1,550,000;  electricity. 


La  Exposicion  Universal, 

El  6xito  notable  alcanzado  por  la  Exposici6n  del  Centenario 
verihcada  en  Filadelfia  el  ano  1876  y  los  progresos  portentosos 
desde  entonces  realizados  por  este  pais  en  cieneias,  artes  y 
recursos  materiales,  han  movido  a  sus  habitantes  a  oeuparse, 
desdo  hace  alios,  en  el  proyocto  de  celebrar  la  actual  Exposicion 
Internacional  en  conuiemotaci6n  del  cuadricentesimo  aniversario 
del  descubritniento  de  America  por  Col6n. 

Tan  vivo  iuteres  lleg6  a  despertar  este  proyecto,  que  en  la 
priraavera  de  1890  comenzarou  a  tomar  forma  delinitiva  los 
planes  para  su  realizacion.  Varias  ciudades,  entre  ellas  Nueva 
York,  Saint  Louis  y  Washington  disputaron  bravamente  a  Chi- 
cago la  honra  de  ser  cada  oual  desiguada  por  el  Congreso  para 
obsequiar  a  las  naciones  del  muudo;  y  despu6s  de  haberse  pre- 
sentado  habilisimos  arguraentos  en  pro  de  las  ventajas  de  cada 
aspirante,  la  Comisi6n  Nacional  formada  por  representantes  de 
todos  los  Estados  y  Territories  de  la  Union  escogi6  a  Chigago. 
Exigiose  que  sus  ciudadanos  proveyeran  un  emplazamiento  con- 
veniente  para  el  certaraen  y  prometier.in  arbitrar  por  lo  menos 
$10,000,000,  para  el  fomento  y  realizacion  de  la  empress. 

El  siguiente  presupuesto  de  gastos  hecho  por  la  Couiisi6n  do 
Medios  y  Arbitrios  tal  vez  iuterese  a  nuestros  lectores.  Organi- 


86 


$1,500,000;  water  supply,  sewerage,  etc.,  $600,000;   grading,  I 
filling,  etc.,  $450,000;  landscape  gardening,  $323,490;  viaducts  < 
and  bridges,  $125,000;  piers,  $70,000;  waterway  improvements,  i 
$225,000;  railways,  $500,000;  steam  plant,  $800,000;  statuary  on  | 
buildings,  $  LOO, 000;  vases,  lamps    and  posts,  $50,000;  seats,  ' 
$8,000;  improving  lake  front,  $200,000;  World's  Congress  Auxi- 
liary, $200,000;  Expenses  Construction  Department,  fuel,  etc.,  i! 
$520,000.    By  ndding  to  the  foregoing  $8,000,000,  the  cost  of  the 
Main  Buildings  the  total  is  $18,530,453.    The  resources  of  the 
Exposition  may  be  stated  as  follows:  anticipated  gate  receipts, 
$10,000,000;  Chicago  city  bonds,  $5,000,000;  Stock  subscriptions, 
$5,710,140;  concessions  and  privileges,  $  1,500,000;  interest  on 
moneys  deposited,  $35,000;  salvage,  $2,000,000. 

The  visitor  arriving  at  the  Exposition  grounds  by  steam- 
boat, railway  or  street  car  will  have  no  time  to  consult  a  book 
going  into  long  details,  figures  and  explanations,  but  will  desire 
to  be  introduced  to  some  of  the  important  features  at  once. 
The  graceful  and  imposing  structures  at  the  Paris  Exposition 
of  1889  that  so  delighted  the  beholder,  the  Champs  de  Mars 
with  its  magnificent  approaches,  will  fall  far  short  of  the  gran- 
deur of  the  "White  City"  situated  in  Jackson  Park  on  the  sbore 
of  Lake  Michigan.  The  Chicago  site  is  about  four  times  larger 
than  that  of  its  continental  rival.  The  fair  buildings  will  cover 
twice  the  space  occupied  by  those  at  Paris  and  their  cost  alone 


zacion,  $3,303,563;  gastos  de  administracion,  $1,550,000;  electri- 
cidad,  $1.500,00u;  acopio  de  aguas,  obras  de  desagiie,  etc., 
$600,000;  desmontes  y  terraplenes,  £450,000;  paisaje  y  jardineria, 
$323,490;  viaductos  y  puentes,  $125,000;  muelles,  $70,000;  mejoras- 
acuaticas,  $225  000;  ferrocarriles,  $500,000;  instalaciones  de 
vapor,  $800,000;  estatuaria  en  los  edificios,  $100,000;  lampisterla 
y  alumbrado,  $50,000;  asientos,  $8,000;  mejoras  en  el  litoral  del 
lago,  4>-00,000;  gastos  auxiliares  para  la  Exposicion,  $200,000; 
idem  del  departamento  de  construecioues,  combustible,  etc., 
$520,000.  Agregando  a  lo  expresado  $8,000,000,  costo  de  los 
Palaeios  Principales,  se  alcanza  una  totalidad  de  $18,530,453. 
Los  ingresos  y  recursos  para  la  Exposicion  pueden  exponerse  : 
asi:  entradas  calculadas  $10,000,000;  obligaeiones  de  la  ciudad 
de  Chicago,  $5,000,000;  suscripc iones  por  acciones,  $5,710,140;  con- 
cesiones  y  privilegios,  $1,500,000,  interes  sobre  depositos,  $35,000; 
seguros,  $2,000,000. 

El  visitante  que  llegue  a  la  Exposicion  por  vapor,  ferrocarril 
6  tranvia,  no  tendra  tienipo  para  consultar  un  hbro  con  largos 
pormenores,  estadisticas  y  explicaciones;  lo  que  deseara  es 
conocer  de  una  vez  en  forma  compendiosa  lo  mas  importante. 
Las  elegantes  e  imponentes  contstrucciones  de  la  Exposicion 
ultima  de  Paris  que  tanto  deleitaron  al  e3peotador  y  el  Campo 
de  Marte  con  sus  magnificas  entradas  y  cercanias,  quedaran  era- 
pequeijecidos  ante  las  maravillas  que  ofrece  la  '  Ciudad  Blanca" 


87 


will  amount  to  about  sixty  por  cent  more  than  tho  total  expenses 
of  the  French  enterprise.  The  structures  represent  the  highest 
achivemenls  of  American  architecture.  A  bout$4, 000,000  has  been 
spent  on  Jackson  and  Washington  Parks  to  prepare  them  for 
visitors.  The  former,  which  is  the  chief  location  of  tho  fair 
buildings,  has  received  additional  improvements  to  the  value  of 
$1,000,000.  Terraces,  lawns,  ilowcr  beds,  rustic  seats,  drives 
and  fountains  will  delight  tho  eye  and  offer  numerous  attractions 
to  the  visitor.  Handsome  statuary  will  appear  throughout  the 
grounds  in  conspicuous  places.  The  lagoon  alive  with  its  rapid- 
ly gliding  gondolas,  canoes  and  light  craft  of  various  sorts  will 
offer  an  unequalled  water-way  about  the  park  which  cannot 
fail  to  delight  many  visitors. 

In  the  northern  part  of  tho  grounds  stand  a  picturesque 
group  of  buildings  elegant  and  imposing  in  architecture,  their 
gilded  domes  reflecting  the  morning  sun;  their  towers  and 
pinnacles  streaming  with  the  flags  of  all  lauds  and  climes.  These 
constitute  a  veritable  palace  village.  Among  the  foreign 
nations  taking  part  in  tho  lair,  with  the  amounts  of  their  appro- 
priations are:  Argentine  Republic,  $100,000;  Austria,  $14i>,100; 
Barbadoes.  $0,000;  Bermuda,  $3,000,  Bolivia,  $50  700;  Brazil, 
$600,000:  British  Guiana,  $25,000;  British  Honduras,  $7,500; 
Canada,  $100,000;  Cape  Colon v,  $2:>,000;  Cevlan,  $(>5,G,0;  Colom- 
bia, $100,000;  Costa  Rica,  $150,000;  Cuba,  $25,000;  Denmark, 


situada  en  el  Parquo  Jackson  a  la  orilla  del  Lago  Michigan.  E* 
emplazamiento  do  Chicago  es  cuatro  veces  mayor  que  el  de 
Paris;  los  edilicios  de  la  Exposici6n  ocuparan  doblo  ospacio,  y  el 
coste  sera  sosenta  por  ciento  mayor  quo  el  del  certamen  francos. 
Losedificios  representan  los  mas  notables  triuufoa  arquitectoni- 
cos  de  los  Estados  Unidos.  Para  arreglar  los  Parques  Jackson  y 
Washington  se  han  gastado  uuos  $-1,000,000.  El  primero,  empla- 
zamiento principal  de  los  edilicios  do  la  Exposicion,  ha  sido 
objcto  do  nd'ormas  adicionalos  por  valor  de  un  millon  mas. 
Terrazas,  campos  de  cesped,  jardiues  de  flores,  asientos  riisti- 
cos,  paseos  para  cnrruajo  y  fuentes  deleitau  la  vista  y  ofrecen 
numerosos  atractivos.  En  los  lugares  mas  notables  y  en  todas 
direcciones  se  hallaran  hcrmosas  obras  de  estatuaria.  La  laguua 
en  que  pululan  rapidas  gondolas  y  canoas  presenta  una  maguili- 
ca  via  acuatica  que  no  puede  meuos  do  sorprender  agradable- 
mente. 

En  la  parte  norte  de  los  torrenos  alzase  un  pintoresco  grupo 
de  edilicios  elegantes  v  majestuosos  con  doradas  cupulas  (pie 
rellejan  los  rayos  solares  y  con  pinaculos  y  torres  en  que  lla- 
mean  los  colores  de  todas  las  naciones.  Es  este  un  verdadero 
pueblo  de  palacios. 

Entre  los  paises  extranjeros  que  toman  parto  en  el  certamen, 
citaroraos  estos,  con  las  cantidades  asi^iKulas  al  efecto  por  sus 
gobiernos:  Argentina,  $100,00J;  Austria,   $140,10  ;  Alemania, 


88 


$67,000;  Dutch  Guiana,  $10,000;  Dutch  West  Indies,  $5,000; 
Ecuador,  $125,000;  France,  $627,250;  Germany,  $809,200;  Great 
Britain  $125,000;  Guatemala,  $120,000;  Hayti,  $25,000;  Honduras, 
$20,000;  Jamaica,  $20,000;  Japan,  $630,765;  Mexico,  $50,000;  New 
South,  Wales,  $150,000;  New  Zealand,  $27,500;  Nicaragua,  $30,0^0; 
Norway,  $56,250;  Orange  Free  State,  $7,500;  Paraguay,  $100,000; 
Peru,  $125,000;  Salvador,  $12,000;  Sweden,  $53,600;  Tasmania, 
$10,000;  Trinidad,  $15,000. 

Other  countries  represented  are:  Algeria,  Belgium,  Danish 
West  Indies,.  Egypt,  French  Guiana,  Greece,  Hawaii,  India, 
Madagascar,  Madeira,  Malta,  Mashonaland,  Netherlands,  Persia,^ 
Porto  Rico,  Queensland,  Russia,  San  Domingo,  Siam,  South 
Autralia,  Spain,  Transvaal,  Uruguay,  Venezuela,  Victoria, 
Hungary  and  Bulgaria. 

The  amount  appropiated  by  foreign  nations  for  the  purposes 
of  the  fair  was  about  $6,500,000.  The  visitor  approaching  by 
water  irom  the  North  will  note  the  Illinois  Building  designed  by 
Boyington  &  C?,  of  Chicago,  severeley  classical  in  style  having  a 
dome  in  the  center  and  a  great  porch  facing  the  south,  area  3.2 
acres.  This  is  the  most  important  of  the  State  buildings.  Its 
cost  was  $250,000.  Height  of  dome,  236  feet.  Materials— 
3,000,000  feet  of  lumber,  1,300,000  lbs.  of  iron.  The  north  wing 
is  a  fire-proof  memorial  hall,  50x75  ft.  and  contains  various 
interesting  trophees  and  relics  belonging  to  the  State.  The 


$809,200;  Antillas  Holandesas,  $5,000;  Barbadas,  $6,000;  Bermu- 
da, $3,000;  Bolivia,  $30,700;  Brasil,  $600,000;  Canada,  $100,000; 
Colombia,  $100,000;  Colonia  del  Cabo,  $25,000;  Ceilan,  $65,600; 
Costa  Rica,  $150,000;  Cuba,  $25,000;  Dinamarca,  £67,000;  Ecua- 
dor, *125,000;  Espana,  $200,000;  Francia,  $627,250:  Gran  Bretaha, 
$125,000;  Guinea  inglesa,  $25,000;  Guatemala,  $120,000;  Haiti, 
$25,000;  Honduras,  $20,000;  Honduras  inglesa,  $7,500;  Jamaica- 
$20,000;  Japon,  $630, 765]  Mexico,  $5C,000-  Nueva  Gales  del  Sur, 
$150,000;  Nueva  Thlandia,  $27,500-  Nicaragua,  $30,000;  Noruega, 
$56,280;  Orange,  $7,500;  Paraguay,  $100,000;  Peru,  $125,000;  Sal- 
vador, $12,000:  Suecia,  $53,600;  Tasmania,  $10,000;  Trinidad, 
$15,000.  Tambie'n  estan  representadas  las  Antillas  Dinaraar- 
quesas,  Argel,  Belgica.  Egipto,  Grecia,  Guayana  francesa, 
Hawaii,  Holanda,  India,  Madagascar,  Madera,  Malta,  Mashona- 
land, Persia,  Puerto  Rico,  Queenslandia,  Rusia,  Santo  Domingo, 
Siam,  Sud^  Australia,  Transvaal,  Uruguay,  Venezuela,  Victo- 
ria, Hungria  y  Bulgaria. 

Las  sumas  destinadas  por  los  paises  extranjeros  al  objeto 
indicado  alcanzan  la  totalidad  de  $6,500,000.  El  visitante  que 
desde  la  parts  norte  se  acerque  a  los  terrenos,  vera  el  edificio  de 
Illinois,  disenado  por  Boyington  &C?  de  Chicago,  de  estilo  clasico, 
con  una  gran  cupula  en  el  centro  y  un  portico  al  Sur.  Su  exten- 
sion, 3.2  acres.  Es  el  mas  importante  de  los  edificios  de  los 
Estados.   Costo  $250,000.    El  ala  derecha  formala  una  vasta 


89 


south  wing,  75x1  3  £"-.,  is  thrco  stories  in  height,  with  office  rooms 
and  two  public  halls.  Tho  principal  entrance  faces  the  south, 
but  there  are  also  entrances  at  tho  north  and  west  ends.  The 
state  woman's  exhibit  occupies  one  tenth  of  the  building's  space, 
Midway  Plaisauce,  a  narrow  strip  of  land  seventh-eigths  of  c 
mile  in  length  and  containing  about  eigthy  acres,  connects 
Jackson  with  Washington  Park.  Hero  are  all  tho  mercantile 
and  amusement  features  of  the  fair.  At  the  foot  of  the  Plai- 
sauce lies  tho  Woman's  Building,  199x388  ft.  Floor  area  3.8 
acres.  Cost  $138,000.  It  was  designed  by  Miss  Sophia  G.  Hay- 
den  Boston,  1,600,000  feet  of  lumber  and  173,900  lbs.  of  iron 
were  used  in  its  construction.  Tho  building  is  two  stories  en 
height  with  an  elevation  of  sixty  feet.  A  rotunda  65x70  ft.  co- 
vered with    sk"li"ht  reaches  through  the  height  of  the  building. 

Tho  Horticulture  Building  contains  a  floor  area  of  6.6  acres, 
its  dimensions  being  250x998  ft.  The  structure  is  surmounted 
by  r„  dome  132  eet  high  and  l?r  feet  in  diameter.  Cost,  $300,000. 
Architect,  W.  L.  B.  Jennoy,  of  Chicago.  Materials  used, 
2.500,000  .cot  of  lumber,  1.138,338  lbs.  of  iron.  A  central  pavi- 
lion with  two  .nd  pavilions,  each  connected  with  the  main 
structure  by  curtains  forms  two  interior  courts  each  88x270 
feet.  Shrubbery,  orange  and  lemon  trees  are  growing  in  great 
luxuriance.  The  tallest  palms,  bamboos  and  tree  lerns  grow 
under  the  dome.    Thero  are  numerous  galleries.    Those  in  the 


sala  de  50x75  pies,  hecha  de  materiales  a  prueba  de  fuego.  Eu 
el  se  oxiben  interesantes  trofoos  y  reliquias  del  Estado.  El  ala 
del  Sur,  75  pies  por  123  tienc  tres  pisos  y  en  ellos  ofieinas  y  dos 
salas  pnblicas.  La  entrada  principal  da  al  Sur,  habiendolas  ade- 
m&s  por  las  extreniidades  norte  y  oeste.  La  exhibicion  de  senoras 
del  Estado  ocupa  una  decima  parte  del  edificio.  Midway  Plaisau- 
ce, faja  estrechade  tiorra,  siete  octavos  de  milla  de  lar<?o,  ochenta 
acres  de  extension,  une  los  Parques  Jackson  y  Washington. 
Alii  se  vera  lo  mas  caracteristico  en  lo  comercial  y  espectacu- 
lar  de  la  Ivxposicion.  Ala  extremidad  del  Plaisance  esta  el 
Edificio  de  las  Senoras,  199  pies  p-  r  388;  area,  3.3  acres;  costo,, 
$138,000.  Hizo  los  disehos  Mrs.  Sofia  Or.  Hayden,  de  Boston. 
Tieno  dos  pisos  de  sesenta  pies  de  altura,  alcauzando  a  toda  ella 
una  rotonda  de  G5  pies  por  70,  cubierta  con  lumbrera  de  cris- 
tales. 

El  Palacio  de  Horticultura  cubro  una  superficio  de  G.6  acres, 
siemlo  sus  dimensioiies  250  pies  por  998.  Coronalo  una  cupula 
de  132  pies  de  elovacion  y  180  dc  '-metro.  Costo  $300,00J  y  ha 
sido  su  arquitecto  W.  L.  B.  Jenney,  do  Chicago.  Materiales 
empleados  en  su  construcci6n:  2.500,000  pies  de  madera  y 
1.138,338  libras  de  hierro.  Un  pabellon  central  y  dos  laterales 
unidos  a  la  estruotura  principal  forman  dos  patios  interior- IS  de 
88  pies  por  270  cada  uno,  donde  crecen  lozanos  naranjos  y  linio- 
neros,  arbustos,  etc.    Bajo  la  cupula  olevanso  majestuosas  altas 


91 


end  pavilions  containing  restaurants.  About  this  building  will 
be  a  -procession  of  flowers''  during  the  fair,  each  variery  in  its 
season.  Tulips  are  blooming  about  the  grounds  in  May.  lhe 
display  of  orchids  inside  has  never  been  equalled.  A  great 
exhibition  of  chrvsanthemums  will  be  held  in  October,  lhe 
Wooded  Island  opposite  will  be  a  bower  of  roses,  flowering 
shrubs  and  aquatic  plants  along  the  shores  of  the  lagoon,  ltie 
island  contains  1(3  acres  and  will  be  devoted  to  floriculture  and 
horticulture  except  the  north  end  where  the  Japan  Exhibit  may 
be  found.  Tho  Japanese  government  has  erected  a  permanent 
structure  representing  a  famous  temple  which  stands  in  a  Japa- 
nese garden.    Both  will  bo  presented  to  the  city. 

After  viewing  the  flowers  and  other  attractions,  the  visitor 
turns  southward  to  the  Transportation  Building  which  includes 
every  device  and  appliance  for  carrying  purposes  including  every- 
thing from  locomotives  of  the  largest  size  to  b;tby  carriages.  A 
great  single  arch  handsomely  adorued  with  gold  leaf  and  called 
the  "Golden  Door",  servos  as  the  principal  entrance  to  the 
structure.  Dimensions :  256x960  feet.  Area  of  floor  9.4  acres. 
Annex  42:,x900  feet.  Area  9.2  acres.  Cost  of  both  buildings, 
$370  000.    Architects,  Adler  and  Sullivan,  Chicago. 

East  of  the  Transportation  Building  and  facing  the  lagoon 
with  its  swiftlv  gliding  canoes,  boats  and  gondolas  stands  the 
Mines  and  Mining  structure  which  was  designed  by  B.  8.  Be- 


palmeras  y  barabues  al  lado  de  otras  plantas  menos  erguidas. 
En  el  edificio  hay  numerosas  galenas.  Las  situadas  en  los  pa- 
bellones  laterales  contienen  restaurants.  Durante  el  certamen 
habra  "procesiones  de  flores",  de  todas  variedades  ensu  estacion 
oportuna.  En  Mavo  se  veran  en  flor  los  tulipanes.  La  exhibi- 
ci6n  de  orquideas  que  habra  no  ha  teuido  igual.  En  Oetubre 
sera  la  exposieion  de  crisantemos.  La  umbrosa  isla  de  enfrente 
es  un  verdadero  eden  de  rosas,  florecientes  arbustos  y  plantas 
acuaticas  en  las  mirgenes  de  la  laguna.  Tiene  la  isla  16  acres 
de  extension  y  se  la  dedica  a  la  lloricultura  y  horticultura,  ex- 
cepto  su  parte  norte,  donde  se  ve  la  exhibici6n  japouesa.  El. 
gobierno  del  Jap6n  ha  coiistruido  un  edificio  permanente,  en 
forma  de  un  famoso  templo  japones,  en  medio  de  un  jardiii 
asiatico.    Arabos  seran  regalados  a  la  ciudad. 

Si  despmSs  do  admirar  la  exhibici-m  floral  vuelve  el  visitante 
sus  pasos  al  S  ir,  se  hallara  ante  el  Edificio  do  Trasportes,  en  el 
que  se  expone  toda  suerte  de  vehiculos,  desde  la  mas  gigantesca 
locomotora  al  cochecito  para  criaturas.  Un  gran  arco,  a  lorna- 
do  con  doradas  hojas  y  llaraado  la  'Puerta  de  Oro"  forma  la 
entrada  principal.  Las  dimensionos  del  edificio  son:  256  pies 
por960.  Extension  superficial,  9.4  acres.  Anejo,  425  por  900 
pies;  super ficie,  9.2  acres.  Costo  de  ambos  edificios,  0,000. 
Arquitectos,  Adler  y  Sullivan,  Chicago.       ,     _    .  ,  .  . 

Al  este  del  Edificio  do  Trasportes  y  haciondo  frento  a  la  la- 


92 


man,  of  Chicago  and  cost  $265,000.  Dimensions,  350x700  feet. 
Floor  area  8.7  acres.  4.360,000  feet  of  lumber  and  1.800,000  lbs. 
of  steel  were  used  in  its  construction.  The  main  fronts  are 
sixty-fire  feet  high;  the  main  central  entrances  ninety  feet.  A 
gallery  60  feet  wide  and  25  feet  from  the  floor  extends  around 
the  structure.  The  interior  space  630  feet  long  and  100  feet 
high  is  spanned  by  cantilever  trusses  lying  on  steel  colunms.  At 
night  the  attractive  Electricity  Building  will  be  crowded  with 
the  devotees  of  that  modern  science.  Rohe-Sinith's  heroic  statue 
of  Franklin  adorns  the  place.  The  cost  of  the  structure  was 
$410,000.  Architects,  Van  Brunt  &  Howe,  Kansas  City.  Dim- 
ensions 345x690  feet.  Height  of  nave  112  feet;  width,  115  feet. 
The  transept  crossing  the  nave  has  the  same  dimensions.  Height 
of  the  rest  of  the  building  62  feet.  Ten  spires  or  towers  and 
four  domes  adorn  the  structure,  two  of  the  towers  being  195 
feet  in  height.  Materials  used; — lumber  5.000  000  feet;  structural 
steel,  1.100,000  feet.  One  of  the  finest  views  of  the  Fair,  that 
of  the  Grand  Central  Court,  presents  itself  to  the  visitor  from 
the  pier.  The  water  basin  forms  the  centre  of  the  court.  The 
foot  of  the  enclosure  is  marked  by  the  Peristyle  with  its  48  co- 
lumns representing  the  States  and  Territories  of  the  Union.  The 
arms  of  each  State  and  an  attractive  statue  are  aflixed  to  its  res- 
pective column.  Flanking  the  Court  on  the  north  are  the  Ma- 
nufactures, Electricity  and  Mines  buildings.   On  the  south  side 


guna,  esta  el  Palacio  de  Minas  y  Mineria,  disenado  por  S.  S. 
Beman,  de  Chicago.  Costo  $265,000  y  sus  dimensiones  son:  350 
pies  por  700;  superfieie,  8.7  acres.  Se  han  usado  en  su  construe - 
cion  4.360,000  pies  de  madera  y  1  800,000  libras  de  acero.  La 
fachada  principal  tiene  65  pies  de  alto  y  las  entradas 
centrales  90  pies.  Una  galeria  de  60  pies  de  ancho  y  a  25  del 
pavimento  rodea  el  palacio.  El  interior  es  de  630  pies  de  largo 
y  100  de  elevacion  y  el  techo  esta  sostenido  por  eolumnas  de 
acero.  El  Edificio  de  la  Electricidad  se  vera  lleno  de  noche  por 
los  aficionados  a  esta  ciencia  moderna.  Una  estatua  de  Frank- 
lin, tamaho  heroico,  alzase  en  este  palacio,  que  ha  costado 
$410,000.  Sus  arquitectos,  Van  Brunt  y  Howe,  de  Kansas  City. 
Dimensiones,  345  pies  por  690.  Altura  de  la  nave,|112  pies;  ancho, 
115.  El  crucero  tiene  las  mismas  dimensiones.  Altura  del  res- 
to  del  edificio,  62  pies.  Coronan  el  edificio  diez  torres  y  cuatro 
cupulas.  Dos  de  las  primeras  tienen  195  pi6s  de  alto.  Materia- 
ls, 5  millones  de  pies  de  madera,  1.100.000  libras  de  acero. 

Uno  delos  panoramas  mas  bellos  de  laExposicion  es  el  que 
ofrece  el  "Gran  Patio  Central"  visto  desde  el  muelle.  Un 
extenso  deposito  de  agua  forma  el  centro  del  "Patio"  en  una  de 
cuya  extremidades  se  alzan  48  eolumnas  representando  los 
Estados  y  Territorios  de  la  Union.  Cada  cual  lleva  el  escudo 
de  su  Estado  respeetivo  y  una  estatua.  Formando  ellado  norte 
del  "Patio"  vense  los  Palacios  de  las  Industrias,  Electricidad  y 


93 


lie  the  Agriculture  and  Machinery  structures.  The  uobl  >  Ad- 
ministration Building  guards  the  western  ^  '  hH  o,t,aii 
the  ad,oining  building  will  bo  bnlhintly lighted  upatn  ght 
Incandescent  lamps  will  show  the  architectural  beaut e of  the 
place  and  the  basin's  Bhore  lines.  Powerful  search  lights  wdl 
throw  t  heir  changing  radiance  over  the  scone  and  the  olectiic 
fountain  will  spout  forth  its  treasures  in  aid  ot  the  general 
brilliancy.  The  Peristyle  which  connects  Music  Hall  with  trie 
Casmo  near  the  lake  shore  is  600  feet  long,  00  feet  wide  and  60 
feet  hh'h  At  the  centre  is  a  huge  archway  forming  a  P»rtaL 
through  which  a  passage  by  water  may  be  made  from  Lake  Mi- 
chigan to  the  Grand  Central  Court.  This  portal  w  dedicated  to 
Columbus  and  is  inscribed  with  the  naves  of  the  World  s  Great 
navigators  and  explorers.  Crowning  it  is  a  group  of  statuary 
representing  the  progress  of  the  world [  The .structure  together 
with  the  Casino  and  Music  Hall  cost  $300,000.  Music  Hall,  the 
Mecca  of  the  musician,  stands  at  the  north  end  of  the  Peristyle 
and  is  fanned  by  the  cool  breezes  of  the  lake.  Its  dimension* 
like  those  of  the  Casino  are  140  per  200  feet.  The  audience  hall 
will  seat  2,000  persons.  Here  are  accomodations  for  a  large 
orchestra  and  chorus.    The  Casino  offers  entertainment  to  the 

!*ea<L*a  rocky Promontory  overlooking  the  lake  southward  from 
the  Casino  is  an  exact  reproduction  of  the  Convent  of  Santa 


Minas,  y  del  lado  Sud  los  do  Agrioultura  y  Maqumaria  cerraudo 
la  extremidad  occidental  el  grandioso  ediricio  de  la  Adminisira- 
cion  "El  Patio"  y  los  edificios  circunstantes  estaran  briUante- 
mente  alumbrados  por  la  noehe,  con  luces  incandoscentes.  Po- 
derosos  focos  luminosos  Unzaran  sus  cambiantes  destellos  sobre 
la  escena,  y  lafuente  electrica  contribuira  a  la  brillantez  general 
con  su  tesoro  de  agitados  chorros  multieromaticos.  El  Penstilo 
que  pone  en  comunicacion  el  "Music  Hall"  con  el  Casino,  cerca 
del  Lago,  tiene  600  pies  de  largo  por  GO  de  ancho  y  de  alto.  En 
su  centre  hay  una  gran  arcada  bajo  la  cual  puede  pasarse  por 
agua  desde  el  Lago  Michigan  a  la  anchurosa  albe.ca  o  deposito 
del  "Gran  Patio  Central."  Esta  arcada  esta  dedicada  a  Colon  y 
en  olla  se  ven  esculpidas  las  naves  de  los  grandes  navegantes  y 
exploradores.  CorOnala  un  grupo  escultorico  que  represents  el 
pro<*reso  del  muudo.  Ha  costado  este  viaducto  en  union  del 
"Music  Hall"  y  Casino  $300,000.  El  salon  musical  6  "Music 
Hall"  se  halla  situado  en  la  extremidad  norte  del  Peristilo  y  le 
refrescan  las  brisas  del  lago.  Sus  dimensiones,  como  las  del 
Casino,  sou  do  140  pies  por  260.  En  la  sala  hay  asientos  para 
2000  personas;  asiraismo  hay  amplio  espacio  para  una  orquesta  y 
coros  nutridos.  En  el  Casino  hallaran  descauso  y  satisfaecion 
los  cuerpcs  y  los  estomagos.  _ 

En  la  cima  de  un  promontorio  petreo  que  mira  al  lago  alzase 
una  reproducci6n  ezacta  del  espahol  Convento  de  Santa  Maria 


94 


Maria  do  UR&bida  in  Spain  whore  Columbus  found  shelter  for 
himself  and  his  son  in  a  time  of  trouble  and  developed  his  new 
theories  about  the  shape  of  the  earth.  The  building,  which  cost 
$50,000,  will  be  an  object  of  great  interest  to  those  who  are  inte- 
rested m  the  life  of  the  great  navigator.  Near  the  convent  are 
the  buildings  devoted  to  the  leather  exhibition,  150  per  600  feet 
in  size,  and  dairying.  The  latter  building  is  100  per  200  feotr 
area  2.6  acres,  cost  $30,000.  All  sorts  of  butter  and  cheese  ma- 
chinery ay  ill  be  shown  here. 

No  iron  whatever  enters  into  the  structure  of  the  interest 
ing  and  novel  Forestry  Building,  which  is  surrounded  by  row  s  of 
columns  consisting  of  natural  tree  trunks  covered  with  bark. 
The  three  characteristic  woods  of  each  State  are  represented  by 
that  number  of  columns.  Dimensions,  208  per  528  feet.  Floor 
area,  2.6  acres.  Material,  2.400,000  feet  of  lumber.  Cost  $100- 
000.  The  handsome  Agriculture  Building  standing  on  the  South- 
ern shore  of  the  basin  will  attract  the  attention  of  the  visitor. 
Its  main  entrance,  64  feet  wide,  is  adorned  with  Corinthian  pil- 
lars 50  feet  high  and  5  feet  thick.  The  building  is  richly  orna- 
mented and  is  adorned  with  groups  of  handsome  statuary  of 
great  size.  The  rotunda,  100  feet  in  diameter,  is  surmounted 
by  a  glass  dome  130  feet  high.  Dimensions  of  building,  50(3  per 
800  feet.  Area,  15  acres.  Annex,  300  per  500  feet.  Area;  3.9 
acres.    The  cost  of  building  and  annex  was  $620,000.    There  is 


de  la  Rabida,  en  que  Colon  atribuladisimo  hall6  abrigo  para  si  y 
su  hijo  y  expuso  sus  nuevas  teorias  sobre  la  esferoicidad  de 
la  tierra.  Esta  reproducci6n,  que  costo  $50,000,  ser&  objeto  inte- 
resantisimo  para  cuantos  conozcan  la  vida  del  gran  navegante. 
Cerca  delConvento  est&n  los  edificios  destinados  4  las  exhibicio- 
nes  de  Peleteria  e*  Industrias  L&cteas.  El  primero  tiene  15 ) 
pies  por  600;  el  segundo  100  por  200,  2.6  acres  de  extension  y 
costo  $30,000.  En  el  se  ver4  toda  suerte  de  maquinaria  para  la 
fabricaci6n  de  queso  y  mantequilla. 

No  entra  hierro  alguno  en  la  construcci6n  del  Edincio  de 
Selvicultura,  que  aparece  rodeado  de  columnas  formadas  por 
troncos  deaYboles  con  su  riistica  corteza.  Las  maderas  carac- 
teristicas  de  cada  Estado  estan  representadas  en  dichas  colum- 
nas. Dimensiones,  208  pies  por  528;  extension  superficial  2.6 
acres.  Materiales,  2.400,000  pies  de  madera.  Costo,  $100,000. 

El  hermoso  Palacio  de  Agricultura,  situado  en  la  extremi- 
dad  Sur  de  la  Alberca,  llama  con  justicia  la  atenci6n  del  visi- 
tante.  Su  entrada  principal,  de  64  pies  de  ancho,  esta  adornada 
con  pilares  corintios  de  50  pies  de  alto  por  5  de  ancho.  El  edi- 
ficio  ostenta  ornamentacion  riqmsima  y  hermosos  grupos  de  es- 
tatuaria  de  gran  tamaho.  La  rotonda,  de  100  pies  de  diametro, 
esta  coronada  por  una  cupula  de  cristales  que  se  eleva  130  pies. 
Dimensiones  del  edificio,  500  pies  por  800;  extension,  15  acres. 
Anejo,  300  por  500  pies,  3.9  acres.    Costo  de  ambos,  $620,000. 


95 

an  assembly  hall  in  connection,  125  per  450  feet,  with  a  seating 
capacity  of  1,500  which  cost  $100,000.  9.500,000  feet  of  lumber 
and  '2.000,000  pounds  of  structural  iron  was  used  in  the  cons- 
truction of  the  building.  Agriculture,  forestry, dairy  and  live  stock 
have  a  space  of  69  acres  and  buildings  worth  $1,218,000.  The 
buildings  devoted  to  Agriculture  and  Machinery  are  connected 
by  a  handsome  colonnade. 

*  One  of  the  most  important  private  enterprises  connected 
with  the  Fair,  or  rather  separated  from  it  by  the  breadth  of 
56th  street,  is  the  Mackaye  Spectatorium  in  which  a  continuous 
series  of  grand  living  tableaux  are  given  day  and  night  repre- 
senting various  important  scenes  in  the  life  of  Columbus  from 
the  time  of  his  appearance  at  the  convent  of  La  Babida  in  Spain 
to  that  of  his  death  at  Valladolid.  The  building  extends  from 
the  lake  front  at  the  northeastern  corner  of  the  Exposition 
grounds  over  foui  blocks  to  SUny  Island  avenue.  The  interior 
of  the  building  is  horseshoe-shaped.  The  stage  will  consist  of 
a  huge  body  of  water  60  feet  wide,  8  feet  deep  and  300  feet 
long.  A  brief  description  of  the  Spectatorium  as  designed  by 
Steele  Mackaye  may  be  interesting.  Stretching  behind  the 
aquatic  stage  is  the  back  drop,  a  canvas  300  per  60  feet  repre- 
senting tropical  scenery  wrought  in  bas  relief  and  full  relief, 
houses,  palaces,  wharves  and  convents  follow  the  architectural 
details  brought  from  Spain.    The  ships  are  full  sized  and  man- 


Hay  en  comunicacion  con  este  edificio  un  salon  de  reuniones,  de 
125  pies  por  450,  con  1,500  asientos.  Su  costo  fue,  $100,0uo.  En 
la  coustruccion  se  emplearon  9.500,000  pies  de  madera  y  2.000,- 
000  libras  de  hierro.  Los  edificios  de  Agricultura,  Selvicultura, 
Industrias  Lacteas  y  Ganaderia  ocupan  una  superficie  de  69 
acres  y  han  costado  en  conjunto  $1,218,000.  Los  Palaeios  de 
Agricultura  y  Maquinaria  estan  unidos  por  una  preciosa  colum- 
nata.  .  . 

Una  de  las  empresas  particulars  mas  importantes  relacio- 
nada  con  la  Exposicion  6  mas  bien  separada  de  ella  por  la 
calle  56;.1,  es  la  llamada  "Spectatorium"  Mackaye,  donde  se  ex- 
hibe  dia  y  noche  una  serie  continua  de  magnificos  cuadros  vivos, 
representacion  de  episodios  colombinos,  desde  la  llegada  del 
descubridor  al  monasterio  de  la  Rabida  hasta  su  muerte  en  Va- 
lladolid. El  edificio  en  que  estos  espectaculos  se  verifican  se 
extiende  desde  la  orilla  del  lago,  en  la  extremidad  norte  de  los 
terrenos  del  certamen,  a  la  avenida  de  Stony  Island,  ocupando 
cuatro  manzanas.  Su  interior  tiene  la  forma  de  herradura  y  lo 
que  puede  llamarse  escenario  es  una  vasta  superficie  de  agua  de 
€0  pies  de  ancho  por  300  de  largo  y  8  de  f  ondo.  Sera  de  interes 
una  somera  referenda  a  lo  que  se  ve  en  el  "Spectatorium." 
Tras  el  escenario  acuatico  est&  el  inmenso  tel6n  de  fondo.  Ha- 
bra  escenas  tropicales,  con  casas,  palaeios,  muelles  y  conventos 
de  bulto  hechos  segun  dibujos  traidos  de  Espana.    Se  ven  bu- 


07 


ned  by  sailors.  The  sails  fill  and  shake  with  the  breeze  caused 
by  a  huge  fan  which  sends  the  wind  sweeping  over  the  water, 
forming  ripples  and  waves.  In  the  scene  showing  the  discovery 
of  America  a  native  festival  is  given.  Columbus,  the  hero, 
displays  his  treasures  before  Isabella  upon  his  return.  A  Spa- 
nish festival  in  which  1,500  people  take  part  is  an  interesting 
ieature.  Machinery  Hall  is  402  per  846.  Its  floor  area  is  17.5 
acres  and  that  of  its  annex  is  6.2  acres.  The  two  structures  cost 
about  $1,200,000.  The  architects  were  Peabody  and  Steams,  of 
Boston.  It  took  10.500,000  feet  of  lumber  and  11.000,000  pounds 
of  structural  iron  to  complete  the  building.  The  main  structure 
resembles  three  train  houses  side  by  side.  The  tiers  of  roof 
trusses  have  been  built  separately  and  will  be  sold  at  the  close 
of  the  Fair  to  some  railway  company.  Near  Machinery  Hall  are 
the  Pumping  Works,  77  per  84  feet,  in  which  are  2  pumps  that 
can  raise  40.000,000  gallons  of  water  in  24  hours.  A  machine 
shop,  146  per  250  feet,  containing  repairing  tools  and  machinery 
was  furnished  free  as  an  exhibit.  A  power  house,  100  per  461  con- 
tains the  engines  for  the  24,000  horses  power  required.  These 
last  three  buildings  cost  $85,000.  The  visitor  will  be  interested 
in  the  working  of  a  regular  Yankee  saw-mill,  125  per  300  feets 
which  stands  just  south  of  the  power  house.  The  visitor  will  be 
interested  in  the  working  of  a  regular  Yankee  saw-mill,  125  per 
300  feet  which  stands  just  south  of  the  power  house. 


ques  de  tamaho  natural  tripulados  por  marineros:  las  velas  se 
hinchan  y  sacuden  con  el  viento  producido  por  un  abanico  in- 
menso,  que  tambien  riza  6  encrespa  las  aguas.  En  la  escena 
que  representa  el  descubrimiento  de  America  hay  una  fiesta  in- 
i  digena.  A  su  regreso  de  America,  Colon  presenta  sus  tesoros  a 
Isabel,  y  se  produce  una  fiesta  en  que  toman  parte  1,500  per- 
sonas. 

El  Palacio  de  Maquinaria  tiene  492  pies  por  846.  Superficie 
17.5  acres  y  Anejo  6.2  acres.  Costaron- ambos  $1,200,000,  siendo 
:  los  arquitectos  Peabody  y  Steams,  de  Boston.  En  la  construc- 
cion  se  emplearon  10.500,000  pies  de  madera  y  11.00o,0i)0  de  li- 
bras  de  hierro.  El  edificio  principal  semeja  tres  estaciones  de 
ferrocarril  unidas.  Cerca  de  este  Palacio  estan  los  depositos  de 
bombas,  77  pies  por  84,  en  que  funcionan  dos  de  estas  con  ca- 
pacidad  para  elevar  40  millones  de  galones  de  agua  en  24  horas. 
Hay  tambien,  para  exbibicion  gratis,  un  taller  de  maquinaria, 
de  146  pies  por  250.  En  una  estacion  motriz,  de  100  pies  por 
461,  se  vera  la  maquinaria  capaz  de  desarrollar  una  fuerza  de 
24,000  caballos  .Los  tres  edificios  que  acabamos  de  nombrar,  han 
costado  $8.">,000.  Tambien  interesara  al  visitante  el  funciona- 
miento  de  un  aserradero  yankee,  situado  al  Sur  de  la  estacion 
motriz. 

El  Edificio  de  la  Administracion,  verdadera  estrella  rubi- 
lante  entre  los  de  la  Exposicion,  hallase  situado  a  uno  de  los 


98 


The  bright  star  among  the  Exposition  buildings,  the  Admi- 
nistration, stands  at  the  head  of  the  basin.  It  was  designed  by 
Richard  M.  Hunt,  of  New  York,  and  cost  $550,000.  Its  dimen- 
sions are  262  feet  square.  The  height  of  its  outer  dome  is  277| 
feet,  that  of  its  inner  one  188  feet,  diameter  120.  The  four  pavi- 
lions are  82$  feet  square  and  74  feet  high.  The  entrances  are 
50  feet  high  and  37  feet  wide.  At  the  base  of  the  dome,  136  feet 
from  the  ground,  is  a  promenade  gallery  18  feet  wide.  The 
structure  is  rich  in  bas  reliefs,  frescoing  and  sculpture.  Around 
the  base  of  the  dome,  on  the  corners  of  the  pavilions  and  at  the 
entrances  are  free  groups  of  statuary  from  20  to  30  feet  high 
emblematic  of  the  arts  and  sciences.  The  offices  of  the  mana- 
gers of  the  Fair,  the  press  headquarters,  the  foreign  depart- 
ment, the  post  office,  bank  and  information  bureau  may  be  found 
in  the  building.  Passing  eastwa.rdly  from  the  brillant  Electri- 
city Building,  crossing  the  canal  and  continuing  along  the  north 
shore  of  the  basin  until  reaching  the  lake  front,  the  gigantic  Ma- 
nufactures and  Liberal  Arts  Building  stands  before  the  visitor 
with  its  walls  66  feet  high.  Dimensions,  787  per  1,687  feet. 
Height  of  four  corner  pavilions  97  feet.  Height  of  four  centre 
pavilions  122  feet.  Height  of  roof  over  central  hall,  245.6  feet. 
Height  of  roof  truss  over  central  hall,  212,9  feet.  Height  clear, 
from  the  floor,  202.9  feet.  Span  of  truss,  382  feet.  Weight  of 
truss,  300,000  pounds;  with  purlines,  400,000  pounds.  Floor 


extremos  del  "Gran  Patio  Central."  Disenolo  Richard  M. 
Hunt,  de  Nueva  York,  y  ha  costado  $550, 00U.  Cubre  un  espacio 
de  262  pies  cuadrados.  La  cupula  exterior  alzase  a  277£pies  y  la 
interior  a  188.  Diametro,  120.  Los  cuatro  pabellones  tienen  82$ 
pies  cuadrados  y  una  altura  de  74.  Las  entradas,  50  pies  de 
alto  y  37  de  ancho.  En  la  base  de  la  cupula,  a  136  pies  del 
pavimento,  hay  una  galena  de  paseo,  18  pies  de  ancho.  Altuu- 
dan  los  bajo-relieves,  frescos  y  esculturas.  Alrededor  de  la 
base  de  la  cupula,  en  los  angulos  de  los  pabellones,  hay  grupos 
de  estatuaria  emblematica,  de  20  a  30  pies  de  alto,  representan- 
do  las  Artes  y  las  Ciencias. 

En  este  edificio  se  hallan  las  oficinas  de  los  administrado- 
res  de  la  Exposici6n,  el  centro  general  de  la  prensa,  el  depar- 
tamento  extranjero,  la  estaci6n  de  correos,  el  banco  y  la  oficina 
de  informes.  Al  Este  del  edificio  de  la  Electricidad,  cruzando 
el  canal  y  siguiendo  la  orilla  Norte  del  estanque  hasta  el  frente 
del  lago,  se  levanta  el  gigantesco  edificio  de  las  Manufacturas  y 
Artes  Liberales,  con  sus  muros  de  66  pies  de  elevac:6n.  Dimen- 
siones:  7H7  por  1,687  pies,  Altura  de  los  cuatro  pabellones  an- 
gulares,  97;  de  los  cuatro  del  centro,  122;  del  techo  sobre  el  sa- 
16n  central,  245.6;  de  la  armadura  del  techo  sobre  el  mismo  sa- 
16n,  212.9;  arco  de  la  armadura,  382.  Peso  de  la  misma,  300,000 
libras;  con  la  viga  maestra.  400,00''.  Area  del  piso,  44  acres. 
€osto,  $1,700,000.   Arquitecto,  George  B.  Post,  de  Nueva  York. 


<J*J 


area  44  acres.  Cost  $1,700,000.  Archited  George  B.  Post,  of 
New  York.  17,000,000  feet  of  lumber,  2,000,000  pounds  of  steel 
and  2,000,000  of  iron  were  used  in  the  construction  of  this  vast 
pile.  Rectangular  in  form  the  building  is  divided  into  a  great 
hall  380  per  1,280  feet  surmountod  by  a  nave  107  feet  wide.  Both 
hall  and  nave  have  a  50  feet  gallery  extending  around  them. 
The  structure  is  four  times  larger  than  the  Roman  Colosseum  in 
which  80,000  people  could  find  seats.  This  building  is  the  lar- 
gest in  the  world  and  is  the  largest  structure  ever  roofed  in.  Its 
central  hall  which  does  not  contain  a  single  supporting  pillar 
has  a  floor  space  of  11  acres  and  will  seat  75.000  persons.  The 
entire  seating  capacity  of  the  building  is  300,000.  The  stand- 
ing army  of  a  great  European  power  like  Russia  could  be  as- 
sembled beneath  this  gigantic  roof.  7,000.000  feet  lumber  and 
five  carloads  of  nails  were  required  for  the  floor  alone.  The  de- 
dication ceremonies  were  held  in  this  building,  October  21, 
189 1.  The  aisles  are  laid  off  into  streets  and  are  lighted  by 
shaded  arc  lights  affixed  to  tasteful  lamp-posts. 

The  United  States  Government  Building  stands  just  North 
of  the  Manufactures  and  is  350  per  420  feet.  It  has  a  dome  120 
feet  in  diameter  and  150  feet  high.  The  building  is  constructed 
of  stone,  iron  and  glass,  is  classic  in  style,  covers  four  acres  and 
cost  $400  000.  Its  contains  a  complete  exhibit  from  the  War,  Trea- 
sury, Agriculture,  Interior,  Post  office  and  Navy  departments 


Se  consumieron  en  la  construccion  de  este  inmenso  edificio  17.- 
000,000  de  pies  de  madera,  2.000,000  de  libras  de  acero  y  2.000,- 
000  de  libras  de  hierro.  De  forma  rectangular,  su  gran  salon 
mido  380  por  1,280  pies,  rodeado  en  su  parte  superior  de  una 
nave  de  107  pies  de  ancho.  Una  galena  de  50  pies  se  extiende 
en  derredor  del  salon  y  de  la  nave.  El  edificio  es  cuatro  veces 
mayor  quo  el  Coliseo  de  Roma  en  el  que  se  sentaban  80,000  per- 
sonas,  y  ofrece  la  mayor  superficie  techada  que  hay  en  el  mun- 
d  >.  Su  salon  central,  que  no  tiene  un  solo  pilar  de  soporte, 
ocupaun  espacio  de  11  acres  y  da  cabida  a  75,000  personas.  El 
numero  total  de  las  que  podra  contener  sentadas  esta  estructura 
sera  de  300,000.  El  eje>cito  entero  de  Rusia  podria  reuuirse  bajo 
su  gigantesco  techo.  Solo  para  el  piso  se  necesitaron  7.000,000 
de  pies  de  madera  y  cinco  carretones  de  clavos.  Las  ceremonias 
de  la  dedicacion  del  edificio  se  celebraron  el  21  de  Octubre  de 
1892. 

El  edificio  del  Gobierno  de  los  Estados  Unidos  se  levanta  al 
Norte  del  anterior,  y  mide  350  por  420  pies.  Su  cupula  tiene  120 
pies  de  diametro  y  150  de  elevacion.  Est&  construido  do  pie- 
dra,  hierro  y  cristal;  su  estilo  es  clasico,  ocupa  cuatro  acres  de 
terreno  y  su  costo  ha  sido  de  $400,000.  Contiene  una  exhibieifat 
completa  da  los  Departamentos  de  la  Guerra,  del  Tesoro,  de  la 
Agricultura,  de  lo  Interior,  del  Correo  y  de  Marina,  del  Institu- 
to  Smithsoniano,  del  Museo  Nacional,  etc. 


100 


t  ™' fhf? nia"  Inf,tltl  t^  at  Washington  D.  C,  the  National 
Museum,  etc  On  the  lake  shore  east  of  this  building  and  in 
part  of  the  intervening  space  the  United  States  Government  has 
a  gnn  battery  a  hte -saving  station  completely  equipped  with 

J^S^n^?^  lT-Se'  ;:?r  ^all00na  au<*  a  full-size  model  of 
a  63,000  000  buttle  ship  of  the  first  class.  This  "dummy"  ves- 
sel stands  on  piles  along  side  a  wharf  and  is  apparently  moored 
£  &  1fllCfci;uisei'  »  built  of  brick  and  coated  with  cement.  She 
18  348  feet  long,  69  feet  wide  amidships  and  contains  all  the 
most  approved  trappings  for  a  man  of  Avar  su<diasguns,  turrets 
torpedo  tubes,  nets  aud  bombs,  boats  anchors,  masts,  etc.  A  full 
complement  of  "real  live"  tars  detailed  from  the  Navy  !)<>par- 
ment  will  show  the  Visitor  about  the  vessel.  A  Columb  is  Fleet 
is  riding  at  anchor  in  the  harbor  nenr  at  hand.  The  Government 
Building  was  designed  by  Mr.  Windrim.  Its  floor  area  is  6 
acres.  Crossing  the  lagoon  and  turning  to  the  west  the  stranger 
passes  the  building  devoted  to  Fish  and  Fisheries,  165  per  365 
feet.  Cost  $225,000.  Two  annexes  circular  in  form  are  connec- 
ted with  the  main  building  by  arcades.  Floor  area  3.1  acres 
Henry  Ives  Cobb,  of  Chicago,  was  the  architect.  This  structure 
is  one  of  the  handsomest  on  the  grounds  and  is  visited  by  all  in- 
teresteu  m  fish.  The  general  fisheries  exhibit  is  held  in  the  main 
building.  The  angling  show  will  be  found  in  the  west  annex  | 
Ihe  glass  front  of  the  aquaria  are  575  feet  long  and  contain 

En  el  espacio  entre  la  orilla  Este  del  lago  y  este  edificio  el 
gobierno  tiene  una  bateria  de  canones,  una  estacion  de  salva- 
mento  conipletamento  equipada,  un  faro,  globos  de  campaha  y 
elmodelo  en  tamano  natural  de  un  buque  de  combate  de  prime- 
raclase  de  $3,000,000  de  valor.  Este  buque  deseansa  sobre  es- 
tacas  A  lo  largo  de  un  muelle,  al  que  esta  amarrado  en  aparien- 
cia.  LstS,  construido  de  ladnllo  y  cubierto  con  cemento,  mide 
348  pies  de  eslora  y  69  de  manga,  y  contiene  todo  lo  mas  neee- 
sario  en  un  buque  de  guerra.  En  labahia  proxima  a  el  esta  fon- 
deadalaflota  de  Colon.  El  edificio  del  Gobierno  fue  trazado 
por  Mr.  W  indrim  y  ocupa  una  extension  de  6  acres. 

Cruzando  el  viajero  la  laguua  y  dirigiendose  al  Este,  se  en- 
cuentra  con  el  edificio  de  Pesquenas,  de  165  por  365  pies,  cuyo 
costo  ascendio  a  $225,000.  Dos  edificios  circulares  estan  anexos 
al  principal  por  medio  de  areos,  ocupando  el  total  3. 1  acres. 
*  ue  construido  por  el  arquitecto  Henry  Ives  Cobb,  de  Chicago, 
fts  uno  de  los  mas  hermosos  y  de  ios  mas  visitados  por  los  afi- 
cionados a  la  pesca.  La  exhibicion  general  de  pesquerla  esta 
en  el  edificio  principal  y  los  utiles  para  la  pesca  eon  caha  en  el 
anexo  Oeste.  LI  frente  de  cristal  del  acuario  tiene  575  pies  de 
rg?^!?«STlieie  de  ^'00°Pie3  cuadrados,  pudiendo  conte- 
ner  140,000  galones  de  agua.  Los  peces  de  agua  salada  se  exhi- 
biran  en  estanques  de  40,000  galones,  cuya  agua  despues  de 
condensada,  se  Ueva  diariamento  del  Atlantico. 


101 


3,0C0  square  feet  of  surface.  The  water  capacity  is  140,000  gal- 
lons. The  salt  -water  fishes  will  be  -exhibited  in  tanks  holding 
40,000  gallons.  This  water  after  being  condensed  is  brought  daily 
from  the  Atlantic  Ocean. 

The  officers  of  the  Worlds'  Columbian  Commission  are:  Pre- 
sident, Thomas  W.  Palmer;  Secretary,  John  T.  Dickinson;  Di- 
rector-General, George  R.  Davis.  Department  Chiefs:  Agricul- 
ture, W.  I.  Buchanan;  Horticulture,  John  M.  Samuels;  Live 
stock,  Eber  W.  Cottrell;  Fish  and  Fisheries,  John  W.  Collins; 
Mines  and  Mining,  F.  J.  V.  Skiff;  Machinery,  L.  W.  Eobinson; 
Transportation,  W.  A.  Smith;  Manufactures,  James  Allison; 
Electricity,  John  P.  Barrett;  Fine  Arts,  Halsey  C.  Ives;  Liberal 
Arts,  S.  H.  Peabody;  Ethnology,  F.  W.  Putnam;  Forestry,  W. 
J.  Buchanan,  in  charge,  Publicity  and  Promotion,  Moses  P. 
Handy;  Foreign  Affairs,  Walker  Fearn;  Secretary  of  Installa- 
tion, Joseph  Hirst;  Traffic  Manager,  E.  E.  Jaycox.  Board  of 
Lady  Managers,  President  Mrs.  Bertha  M.  H.  Palmer;  Secre- 
tary, Mrs.  Susan  Gale  Cook.  Officers  of  the  World's  Columbian 
Exposition — President  William  T.  Baker;  first  vice-president, 
H.  N.  Higinbotham;  second  vice-president,  R.  A.  Waller;  Se- 
cretary, H.  O.  Edmonds;  Treasurer,  A.  F  Seeberger;  auditor, 
William  K.  Ackerman;  Chief  of  Construction,  D.  H.  Burnham. 
The  offices  are  in  the  Rand  and  Mc  Nally  Building. 

During  the  Exposition,  from  May,  to  October  30,  1898,  the 


Los  funcionarios  de  la  Comision  de  la  Exposicion,  son:  Pre- 
sidente,  Thomas  W.  Palmer;  Secretario,  John  T.  Dickinson;  di- 
rector general,  George  R  Davis;  jefes  de  departamento:  W.  Y. 
Buchanan,  Agrieultura;  John  M.  Samuels,  Horticultura;  Eber 
W.  Cottrell,  Ganaderia;  John  W.  Collins,  Pesca  y  Pesquerias; 
F.  J.  V.  Skiff,  Minas  y  Mineria;  L.  W.  Robinson,  Maquinaria; 
W.  A.  Smith,  Trasportes;  James  Allison,  Manufacturas;  John  P. 
Barret,  Electricidad;  Halsey  C.  Ives,  Bellas  Artes;  S.  H.  Pea- 
body,  Artes  Liberales;  F  W  Putnam,  Etnologia;  W.  J.  Bucha- 
nan^ Selvicultura,  Moses  P.  Handy,  Publicidad  y  Progresos, 
Walker  Fearn,  Asuntos  Extranjeros;  Joseph  Hirst,  Secretario 
de  Instalacion;  E.  E.  Jaycott,  Gerente  del  Trafico.  La  Junta 
Directiva  de  seiioras  la  componen:  Mrs.  Bertha  M.  H.  Palmer, 
presidenta;  Mrs.  Susan  Gale  Cook,  secretaria. 

Ofieiales  de  la  Exposicion:  Presidente,  William  T.  Baker; 
primer  vicepresidente,  H.  N.  Higinbotham;  segundo,  R.  A. 
Waller;  secretario,  H.  O.  Edmunds;  tesorero,  A.  F.  Suberger; 
contador,  William  K.  Ackerman;  jefe  de  construcciones,  D.  H. 
Burnham.  Las  oficinas  estan  en  el  edificio  Rand  y  McNally. 

Durante  la  Exposicion,  del  1?  de  Mayo  al  CO  de  Octubre,  la 
admision  en  el  terreno  del  certamen  sera  de  50  centavos,  y  una 
vez  dentro,  el  visitador  estara,  por  supuesto,  en  libertad  de  en- 
trar  en  todos  los  edifieios.  Una  extension  de  199  acres  esta  cu- 
bierta,  de  ellos  50  son  de  galerias  y  unos  40  estan  destinados  al 


102 


admission  to  tho  grounds  will  be  50  cents.  Once  inside  the  gates 
the  visitor,  of  course,  is  at  liberty  to  enter  all  the  buildings.  An 
exhibition  area  of  190  acres  is  under  cover.  Of  this,  about  50 
acres  are  in  galleries  and  40  acres  have  been  set  apart  for  livo 
stock.  The  Chemical  National  Bank  of  Chicago  will  operate  a 
branch  of  its  house  in  the  administration  Building.  This  will 
be  a  gre;it  convenience  to  exhibitors,  employes  and  others. 
J.  O.  Curry  will  be  president  of  tho  new  bank.  Boats  driven 
by  steam  and  electric  power  will  convey  visitors  through 
the  lagoons,  lakes  and  canals  from  one  building  to  an- 
other. The  aquatic  omnibus  carrying  about  fourty  persons  will 
stop  at  all  stations  or  rather  piers.  The  expresses  will  sail  ra- 
pidly over  the  course  but  will  make  no  stops.  The  "cabs"  may 
be  called  like  a  Venetian  gondola  from  any  point  and  may  be 
hired  by  the  hour.  Some  idea  of  the  building  material  required 
for  the  whole  work  may  bo  gained  by  supposing  that  5,000  acres 
of  heavily  wooded  lumber  land  have  been  denuded  of  all  its 
timber.  About  2,000  men  under  command  of  Colonel  Edmund 
Rise,  U.  S.  A.  will  do  police  and  fire  patrol  duty  on  the  grounds 
during  the  Exposition. 

The  electric  plant  which  furnishes  17,000  horse-power  for 
lighting  the  grounds  and  buildings,  cost  $1,000,000.  This  is  ten 
times  the  amount  that  was  required  for  the  Paris  Exposition. 
There  is  5,000  horse-power  for  arc  lights;  3,000  for  machinery 


ganado.  El  Chemical  National  Bank  de  Chicago,  abrird,  una 
sucursal  en  el  edificio  de  la  administracion,  lo  que  ofrecera  mu- 
cha  conveniencia  para  todos.  Su  presidente  sera  J.  O.  Curry. 
Botes  movidos  por  el  vapor  6  por  la  electricidad  llevar&n  k  los 
vieitantes  a  traves  de  las  laguuas,  los  lagos  y  los  canales  de  un 
edificio  &  otro,  y  los  omnibus  acuaticos,  con  capacidad  para  cua- 
renta  personas,  se  detendran  en  todas  las  estaciones,  mejor  di- 
cho,  en  los  muelles.  Los  expresos  recorrer&n  el  camino  con 
mucha  velocidad,  pero  no  haran  paradas.  Los  "cabs"  pueden, 
&  guisa  de  gondolas  venecianas,  llamarse  en  cualquier  punto  y 
alquilarse  por  horas.  Puede  formarse  una  idea  del  material  in- 
vertido  en  la  totalidad  de  las  obras,  calculando  que  5,000  acres 
de  tierras  muy  provistas  de  madera  de  construccion  han  queda- 
do  completamente  talados.  Unos  2.000  hombres,  al  mando  del 
coronel  de  ejercito  Edmond  Rice,  haran  el  servicio  de  iucendio 
y  de  policia  durante  el  concurso. 

El  edificio  de  la  Electricidad,  que  suministra  una  potencia. 
de  17,000  caballos  para  iluminnr  el  terreno  y  los  edificios  de  la 
Exposiciou.  cuesta  £'1.000,<'(  0,  diez  veces  la  suma  que  se  necesi- 
t6  para  la  de  Paris.  De  estos  17,000  caballos  de  fuerza,  5,000 
son  para  el  alumbrado,  3,000  para  la  maquinaria  y  9,000  para 
l&mparas  incandescentes.  Los  directores  del  certamen  no  han 
omitido  cosa  alguna  para  preservarle  del  fuego.  En  cada  edi- 
ficio hay  una  considerable  masa  de  agua  desdo  el  pavimento 


108 


power  and  9,000  for  incandescent  lights.  The  managers  of  the 
Fair  have  left  no  stone  unturned  to  keep  the  Fire  king  in  chains. 
In  each  building,  extending  from  ground  iioor  to  roof  is  a  huge 
water  stand  pipe.  On  each  floor,  attached  to  the  pipe,  is  a  large 
reel  of  hose  which  throws  water  automatically  as  it  is  being  un- 
wound. A  uniformed  force  patrols  the  buildings  day  and  night. 
In  case  of  fire  the  City  Fire  Department  will  render  its  aid.  In 
front  of  the  Administration  Building  and  at  the  head  of  the  ba- 
sin stands  a  grand  fountain  designed  and  made  by  Mr.  Mac  Moi- 
nies  in  Paris.  The  work  is  valued  at  $50,000.  It  is  illuminated 
at  night  by  electricity  and  is  150  feet  in  diameter.  There  are 
also  two  smaller  fountains  in  front  of  the  Fine  Arts  Building. 
About  six  months  time  in  1801  was  required  to  grade  and  level 
the  fair  grounds  which  were  originally  sand  ridges  covered  with 
scrub  oaks.  The  visitor  who  desires  to  know  the  highest  point 
of  the  grounds  should  cast  his  eyes  upward  to  the  top  of  the 
flag-staff  on  the  Illinois  Building,  310  feet.  The  dome  on  the 
Administration  Building  is  277  feet. 

The  Exposition  Company  Carries  about  $15,000,000  in  insu- 
rance upon  its  buildings  and  property  held  by  it  in  trust. 

It  may  be  interesting  to  know  the  water-ways  connecting 
with  one  another.  Of  these  the  basin  containing  eleven  acres 
runs  from  the  Administration  Building  east  to  Lake  Michigan. 
At  the  Eastern  end  of  the  enclosure  stands  Daniel  C.  French's 


hasta  el  techo,  y  estan  provistos  de  mangueras  que  lanzan  el 
agua  automaticamente,  y  un  gran  numero  de  bomberos  unifor- 
mados  vigilan  los  edificios  dia  y  noche.  Ademas,  en  caso  de  un 
incendio,  el  departamento  de  bomberos  de  la  ciudad  prestaria 
su  auxilio.  Frente  al  edificio  de  la  Administracion  hay  una 
gran  fuente,  dibujada  y  construida  por  Mr.  Moinies,  en  Paris, 
que  esta  evaluada  en  $50,000,  tiene  150  pies  de  diametro,  y  por 
la  noche  se  iluminara  con  luz  electrica.  Tambi6n  hay  otras 
fuentes  mas  pequenas  en  el  frente  del  edificio  de  Bellas  Artes. 

Seis  meses  del  aiio  de  189  L  se  necesitaron  para  nivelar  los 
terrenos  de  la  Exposicion,  que  solo  eran  monticulos  de  arena 
cubiertos  de  raiserables  robles.  El  que  desee  conocer  cual  es  el 
punto  mas  elevado  de  los  terrenos  de  la  Exposicion,  debe  dirigir 
unamirada  al  tope  del  asta  de  la  bandera  del  edificio  de  Illinois, 
a  310  pies.  La  cupula  del  de  la  Administraci6n  esta  a  277  pies. 
La  Compania  de  la  Exposici6n  tiene  aseguradas  sus  estructuras 
y  su  propiedad  en  $15,000,000. 

No  dejara  de  ofrecer  interns  al  visitante  conocer  las  cone- 
xiones  dc  ias  vias  acuaticas  entre  si.  De  estas  la  alberca  que 
comprende  once  acres  va  del  edificio  Este  de  la  Administracion 
al  lago  Michigan.  Al  extremo  Este  del  recmto  se  levanta  la  es- 
tatua  de  la  Republica,  de  GO  pies  do  altura,  sobre  un  pedestal 
de  40  pies,  monumento  que  cost6  $25,000  y  es  obra  de  Daniel  C. 
French.    El  canal  del  Sud  se  extiende  hacia  el  Sud  desde  el  ex- 


104 


statue  of  the  Republic,  00  feet  in  height  and  standing  on  a  pe- 
destal 40  feet  high.  The  work  cost  about  $25,000.  The  south 
canal  extends  south  from  the  head  of  the  basin.  The  north 
canal  extends  northwardly  from  the  same  point.  The  lagoon 
around  the  large  wooded  island  contains  23  acres.  Another  la- 
goon north  of  the  island  runs  to  Lake  Michigan.  There  is  a 
water-way  south  of  the  Agriculture  Building  nine  acres  in  ex- 
tent. The  lake  south  of  the  Fine  Arts  Building  covers  8  acres. 
61  acres  of  1  >nd  are  covered  with  water.  A  fully  equipped  hos- 
pital for  the  reception  of  the  visitors  who  may  require  treatment 
stands  near  the  Sixty-second  street  entrance. 

On  ea"h  side  of  the  Midway  Plaisance  runs  a  passage-way 
about  '25  feet  wide  for  the  use  of  the  police  and  tire  departments 
and  as  an  inlet  for  the  various  supply  wagons  by  night.  This 
long  narrow  park  contains  the  Barre  Sliding  Railway,  a  French 
invention.  This  is  an  elevated  structure  the  cars  running  on 
steel  shoes.  The  shoe  sets  over  the  side  of  a  rail  eight  inches 
wide  and  is  practically  water  tight.  Behind  each  shoe  is  a  pipe 
connection  containing  water  under  a  pressure  of  150  pounds  to 
the  square  inch.  The  water  being  forced  under  the  shoo  pro- 
duces a  sort  of  film  which  raises  the  train  about  1[16  of  an  inch 
from  the  rails.  A  turbine  motor  is  connected  with  every  second 
car  which  gets  its  power  from  the  same  source  as  the  pipe  con- 
necting with  the  shoe.  The  power  is  delivered  from  a  main  pipe 


tremo  de  la  alberca  y  el  del  Norte  hacia  el  Norte  desde  el  mismo 
punto.  La  laguna  que  circunda  la  umbrosa  isla  abaiv.a  un  area 
de  23  acres.  Otra,  al  Norte  de  la  isla,  se  dirige  ai  lago  Michi- 
gan. Hay  una  via  acuatica  al  Sud  del  edificio  de  la  Agricultura 
de  9  acres,  y  el  lago  al  Sud  del  de  Bellas  Artes,  ocupa  8  acres. 
Nada  menos  de  6L  acres  de  tierra  estan  cubiertos  de  agua.  A 
la  entrada  de  la  calle  62?  se  ha  levantado  un  hospital  perfeeta- 
mente  dispuesto,  en  el  que  encontrarau  asistencia  los  que  la  ne- 
cesiten. 

A  cada  [lado  de  Midway  Plaisance  se  desliza  un  sendero,  de 
25  pies  de  ancho,  para  el  uso  de  la  policia  y  los  bomberos.  Este 
parque  largo  y  estrecho  contiene  el  Ferrocarril  corpedizo  de  Ba- 
rre, invencion  francesa  que  consiste  en  una  estructura  elevada 
en  que  los  carros  se  deslizan  sobre  una  zapata  de  acero.  Esta' 
descansa  sobre  el  lado  de  un  rail  de  ocho  pulgadas  de  ancho  y 
es  impermeable  al  agua.  Letras  de  cada  zapata  hay  un  tubo  de 
conexion  que  contiene  agua  a  la  presi6u  de  150  libras  por  pulga- 
da  cuadrada;  forzada  esta  bajo  la  zapata  produce  una  especie  do 
pelicula  que  levanta  el  tren  de  los  rails  1{16  de  pulgada.  Un 
motor  de  turbina  conecta  con  cada  carro  alterno  cuyas  fuerzas 
provienen  de  la  misma  f  uente  que  las  del  tubo  pueoto  en  rela- 
ci6n  con  la  zapata.  La  fuerza  motriz  es  producida  por  un  tubo 
principal  que  corre  a  lo  largo  del  camino  y  esta  asentado  bajo  la 
via  en  seciones  de  50  pies,  de  manera  que  la  aplicacion  de  la 


105 


running  along  the  road  and  lying  under  the  track  in  section-*  of 
50  feet,  so  that  the  application  power  is  changed  every  50  feet. 
The  railway  allows  a  rate  of  100  miles  an  hour  This  invention 
was  first  shown  at  the  Paris  Exposition.  The  tower  of  Babel, 
400  feet  high  and  having  a  base  diameter  of  100  feet,  is  one  of 
the  attractions  of  the  Plaisance.  The  tower  has  a  double-track 
circular  railway  running  from  its  base  to  top.  At  the  summit 
of  the  tower  is  a  magnificent  chime  of  bells.  Telescopes  and 
other  apparatus  for  making  observations  are  also  found  here. 

For  the  purpose  of  showing  the  progress  of  the  cottage  in- 
dustries of  Ireland  there  is  an  exhibition  near  the  tower  con- 
taining a  reproduction  of  the  ruins  of  Donegal  Castle. 

North  of  the  tower  is  a  Bohemian  glass  factory,  in  connec- 
tion with  which  there  is  an  open  furnace  where  twenty-five  na- 
tive Bohemian  ''blowers"  may  be  seen  at  work.  A  great  glass 
firm  from  Toledo,  Ohio,  will  show  the  American  method  of 
making  glassware  in  its  plant  which  cost  $75,000  and  which  con- 
tains a  sixteen-pit  furnace  besides  cutting,  etching,  engraving 
and  decorating  shapes. 

The  Japanese  Bazaars  occupy  a  space  250  feet  square  and 
show  the  customs  and  merchandise  of  that  remarkable  nation. 
They  are  under  a  contract  with  the  Imperial  Japanese  Commis- 
sion. 

Carl  Hagenbeck,  the  eminent  animal  trainer  from  Germany, 


potencia  cambia  cada  50  pies.  El  ferrocarril  camina  con  una 
velocidad  de  100  millas  por  hora.  Este  invento  se  presento  por 
vez  primers  en  la  Exposici6n  de  Paris.  La  Torre  de  Babel,  de 
400  pics  de  alto  y  con  una  base  de  100  pies  de  diametro,  es  uno 
de  los  atractivos  del  Plaisance.  Tiene  una  doble  via  ferrea  cir- 
cular que  va  desde  su  base  hasta  lo  mas  elevado  de  la  torre.  En 
la  cima  de  la  mas  baja  hay  un  magmfico  juego  de  campanas,  en- 
contnindose  tambien  en  ella  telescopios  y  otros  instrumentos  de 
observaeion. 

Con  objeto  de  demostrar  los  progresos  de  Irlanda  en  las 
construcciones  rusticas,  hay  cerca  de  la  Torre  una  exposicion 
que  eontieue  una  reproduction  de  ias  ruinas  del  castillo  de  Do- 
negal. 

Al  lado  de  la  Torre  hay  una  fabrica  de  cristales  de  Bohemia 
y  en  conexion  con  elia  un  hornillo  funcionando  en  el  que  veinti- 
cinco  "sopladores''  bohemios  estan  trabajando.  Una  gran  ma- 
nufactura  de  Toledo,  Ohio,  mostrara,  el  metodo  americano  de 
trabajar  la  cristalen'a  en  un  editieio  constrnido  ad  hoc,  cuyo  cos- 
to  ha  sido  de  $75,000  y  que  contiene  un  horno  de  fundicion  de  16 
pies  de  profundidad  y  adeinas  moldes  para  grabar,  cortar,  de- 
corar,  etc. 

Los  bazares  japoneses  ocupan  un  espacio  de  250  pies  cua- 
drados  y  en  ellos  se  exhibiran  los  trajes  y  mercaderias  de  ese 


10G 


has  a  trained  troupo  of  animals,  consisting  of  about  ninety 
lions,  tigers,  dogs,  elephants,  cattle,  horses,  etc.  which  live 
continuously  in  the  same  enclosure  in  the  greatest  harmony.  The 
animals  go  through  an  interesting  programme  of  athletics  every 
day. 

There  is  a  Natatorium  190  per  250  feet  in  connection  with  a 
Vienna  cafe"  and  bakery. 

The  Dutch  Settlement  is  a  practical  demonstration  of  village 
life  and  customs  in  Holland.  Here  are  sold  many  of  the  wares 
made  by  the  inhabitants  of  the  South  Sea  Islands,  the  Philip- 
pines, Solomon  Islands  and  Java,  Borneo  and  the  Polynesian 
Archipelago.  A  number  of  thrilling  native  entertainments  are 
given  in  this  settlement  by  the  islanders. 

West  of  the  Natatorium  comes  a  panorama  of  the  Bernese 
Alps.  This  is  managed  by  the  Swiss  Commissioners.  Near  the 
Dutch  Settlement  is  the  German  Village  containing  a  town  of 
mediaeval  times  in  which  are  represented  the  houses  of  the  up- 
per Bavarian  mountains  and  the  homes  of  the  Hessians  Sile- 
sians,  the  Lower  Saxons  and  those  from  the  Spreewald  and  Nie- 
derdeutsehe.  The  peculiar  furniture  of  different  parts  of  rural 
G-ermany  is  shown  in  these  houses. 

Many  interesting  features  illustrative  of  the  manners  and 
customs  of  Turkey  are  shown  in  the  Turkish  Village.  An  old 
street  in  Stamboul  with  one  of  the  public  squares  of  that  city  is 


notable  pais.  Estan  sujetos  a  un  contrato  con  comision  impe- 
rial japonesa. 

Carl  Hagenbeck,  el  eminente  domador  aleman,  ofrecera  una 
coleccion  de  animates  domesticados,  compuesta  de  unos  noven- 
ta  leones,  tigres,  perros,  elef antes,  ganado  vacuno  eaballos, 
etc.,  que  viven  continuamente  y  en  la  mejor  armonia  en  un  mis- 
mo  recinto,  y  con  los  que  dara  representaciones  diarias. 

Hay  tambien  un  Natatorium  de  19  >  por  250  pies  en  combina- 
cion  con  un  cafe  y  panaderia  de  Viena. 

La  instalacion  danesa  es  una  demostracion  practica  de  la 
vida  y  las  costumbres  de  los  pueblos  de  Holanda.  En  ella  se 
venderan  muchos  objetos  hechos  por  los  habitantes  de  las  islas 
del  Mar  del  Sud,  las  Filipinas,  las  de  Salomon,  y  Java,  Borneo 
y  el  archipielago  Polinesio,  y  se  daran  representaciones  sen'sa- 
cionales  de  aquellos  paises  por  sus  naturales. 

Al  Oeste  del  Natatorium  se  ve  un  panorama  de  los  Alpes  de 
Berna,  que  esta  dirigido  por  la  Comision  Suiza.  Cerca  de  la 
instalacion  danesa  esta  la  Aldea  Alemana,  que  representa  una 
poblacion  de  la  edad  media,  en  la  que  aparecen  las  mas  elevadas 
montanas  de  Baviera  y  las  casas  de  los  Silesianos  del  Hesse,  las 
de  los  Sajones  mas  meridionales  y  las  de  Spreewold  y  Nieder- 
deutsche.  En  estas  casas  se  ensena  el  mobiliario  especial  de  las 
diferentes  comarcas  de  la  Alemania  rural. 

En  la  Aldea  Turca  podran  apreciarse  muchos  rasgos  demos- 


107 


reproduced  with  great  carefulness  as  to  detail.  The  manufac- 
tures of  the  various  parts  of  the  Turkish  Empire  proper  are 
shown  as  well  as  those  of  Syria.  A  minaret  tower  will  sound 
forth  the  "Muezzin  Prayer  Call"  daily  to  the  200  natives  living 
in  the  village.  A  silver  bed  weighing  two  tons  and  composed  of 
2,000  pieces  and  an  immense  Turkish  tent  made  of  handsomely 
embroidered  cloth  formerly  owned  by  a  Shah  of  Persia  and  used 
by  him  when  making  progresses  through  his  dominions  are 
among  the  interesting  features  of  the  various  parts  of  the  vil- 
lage. 

The  Moorish  Palace  is  a  copy  of  one  of  those  old  Moorish 
temples  the  remains  of  which  may  be  seen  in  portions  of  Spain 
and  Africa.  A  restaurant  is  conducted  in  connection  with  this 
building  to  giving  accommodation  to  about  1.000  people.  One  of 
the  principal  attractions  is  au  exhibit  of  gold  coins  to  the  value 
of  $1,000,000.  This  mass  of  precious  metal  weighs  two  tons  and 
occupies  a  space  of  two  cubic  yards. 

A  street  in  Cairo  may  be  viewed  next.  In  this  a  number  of 
old  and  wrell-knowu  historial  buildings  contain  shops  and  other 
curiosities  peculiar  to  Egypt  including  mosques  and  dancing- 
halls.  Many  famous  relics  from  the  museums  of  Cairo  and  Ale- 
xandria are  installed  in  this  section  of  the  Exposition.  The  Tu- 
nisian and  Algerian  section  contain  a  number  of  independent 
tribes  each  governed  by  its  own  sheik. 


trativos  de  las  costumbres  de  Turquia,  estando  reproducidas  en 
ella  con  escrupulosos  detalles  una  antigua  calle  y  una  de  las 
plazas  publicas  de  Stamboul.  Tanibien  se  encontraran  manufac- 
turas  de  diversas  localidades  del  imperio  Otomano  y  de  Siria. 
En  un  minarete  se  oira  diariamente  el  ''Muezzin  llamando  a  la 
oracion"  a  los  200  turcos  que  habitan  en  dicha  aldea.  Una  ca-* 
ma  de  plata  de  dos  toneladas  de  peso  y  fortnada  de  2,000  piezas, 
y  una  inmensa  tienda  turca  hecha  de  telas  soberbiamente  bor- 
dadas,  que  pertenecieron  a  un  Shah  de  Persia,  el  que  las  us6  via- 
jando  por  sus  dominios,  figuran  entre  los  objetos  mas  interesan- 
tes  de  la  Aldea. 

El  Palacio  Morisco  es  una  copia  de  uno  de  los  antiguos  tem- 
plos  arabes,  cuyos  restos  pueden  verse  todavia  en  muchos  luga- 
res  de  Espaha  y  Africa.  Un  restaurant  en  combinaci6n  con  este 
edificio  ofrece  localidad  a  unas  1,000  personas.  Uno  de  los 
atractivos  principales  es  una  exhibici6n  de  oro  acunado  por  va- 
lor de  $1,000,000.  Esta  masa  del  precioso  metal  pesa  dos  tone- ^ 
ladas  y  ocupa  un  espacio  de  dos  yardas  cubicas. 

Cerca  de  ella  puede  verse  una  calle  en  el  Cairo,  en  la  que  se 
encontraran  cierto  mimero  de  notables  edificios  historicos  con 
estableeimientos  y  otras  curiosidades  propias  de  Egipto,  entre 
ellas  mezqnitas  y  salones  de  baile.  Asimismo  estan  instaladas 
en  esta  parte  de  la  Exposici6n,  reliquias  do  los  Museos  del  Cairo 
y  Alexandria.    En  la  seccion  Tunecina  y  Argelina  so  veran  va- 


108 


In  tho  centre  of  tho  avenue  running:  the  length  of  the  Plai- 
saneo  is  the  Ferris  Wheel,  250  feet  in  diameter,  swung  on  an 
axle,  the  largest  steel  casting  ever  made,  resting  upon  towers 
135  feet  high.  Cars  like  those  used  in  elevators  hung  at  diffe- 
rent points  on  the  perimeter,  the  lowest  car  resting  on  the  ground 
as  people  enter  it.  The  wheel  is  then  started  and  the  circuit  of 
250  feet  is  made.  The  weight  of  the  whole  mass  when  in  motion 
is  2,300  tons. 

A  winter  exhibit  during  the  entire  Summer  will  be  tho  ice 
railway  which  will  bo  maintained  by  an  interesting  complication 
of  ice-making  machinery.  An  old  Pompeiian  house  stands  at 
the  left  hand  side  of  the  roadway  in  which  an  interesting  collec- 
tion of  works  of  art  peculiar  to  that  city  may  be  seen.  A  num- 
ber of  mechanical  and  electrical  effects  will  be  employed  to  de- 
pict an  eruption  of  the  Volcano  of  Kilanea,  which  contains  one 
of  the  largest  craters  in  the  world.  The  visitor  will  be  taken  to 
an  island  within  the  sea  of  molten  rock  in  this  "mixing  bowl." 
A  Morocco  section  will  be  the  next  object  of  interest.  In  front 
of  this  stands  a  Chinese  tea-house  a  village  and  a  theatre  in 
which  various  performances  are  given. 

A  captive  balloon  under  the  management  of  Henry  La 
Chambre  and  containing  the  latest  aerial  machinery  will  take 
about  twenty  persons  on  voyages  to  the  height  of  1,500  feet. 


rias  tribus  independientes,  gobernada  cada  una  por  su  propio 
sheik. 

En  el  centro  de  la  avenida  que  se  extiende  a  lo  largo  del 
Plaisance  se  halla  la  liueda  de  Ferris,  de  250  pies  de  diametro, 
en  un  eje,  la  fundicion  mayor  que  jamas  se  ha  hecho  de  aeero, 
que  descansa  sobre  torres  de  135  pies  de  alto.  Carros  como  los 
que  se  usan  en  los  elevadores  penden  de  diferentes  puntos  del 
perimetro,  tocando  el  mas  inferior  en  el  pavimento  para  que 
pueda  entrar  el  publico.  La  rueda  se  pone  entonces  en  movi- 
miento  y  recorre  el  circuito  de  250  pies.  El  peso  de  la  masa  to- 
tal cuando  esta  en  movimiento  es  de  2,300  toneladas. 

Una  exhibicion  de  invierno  en  pleno  verano  ser&  el  f erroca- 
rril  de  hielo,  que  so  conservara  por  una  complicacion  interesan- 
te  de  maquinaria  de  fabricacion  de  hielo.  A  la  izquierda  del 
camino  se  levanta  una  antigua  casa  de  Pompeya  en  la  quo  se 
exhibira  una  interesante  coleccion  de  obras  de  arte  peculiares 
I  de  aquella  ciudad.  Por  medio  de  una  combination  de  efectos 
de  la  electridad  se  figurar  i  una  erupcion  de  los  volcanes  de  Ki- 
lanea, que  albergan  uno  de  los  mayores  crateres  del  mundo.  El 
visitador  sera  conducido  &  una  isla  dentro  del  mar  de^  roca 
fundida  en  este  inmenso  crisol.  Despu£s,  el  objeto  mas  proximo 
de  interns  serii  la  seceion  de  Marruecos.  Frente  a  esta  se  le- 
vanta una  casa  de  te,  una  aldea  y  un  teatro  chmos,  en  los  que  se 
daran  diversas  representaciones. 


109 


The  balloon  will  show  what  can  be  accomplished  by  the  aeronaut 
in  times  of  war. 

An  attraction  will  be  a  number  of  bushmen,  spear  and 
boomerang  artists  from  Australia,  who  will  give  wonderful  exhi- 
bitions with  those  effective  weapons.  The  natives  of  the  East 
Indies  will  be  represented  by  typical  jugglers,  snake-charmers, 
astrologers,  etc.,  togethei  with  a  number  of  artisans  hard  at 
work  upon  the  peculiar  wares  of  that  interesting  country.  A 
Zulu  camp  under  the  direction  of  the  U.  S.  Consul  at  Cape  Town 
may  be  seen.  A  King  of  Dahomey  and  about  sixty  natives  of 
both  sexes,  Amazons,  etc.  will  have  their  head-quarters  in  a 
characteristic  village.  The  inhabitants  will  sell  such  native 
merchandise  as  they  may  produce,  including  hand-made  car- 
vings and  various  weapons  and  domestic  utensils. 

At  the  end  of  the  Plaisance  are  about  five  acres  used  as  a 
flower  garden  devoted  to  nursery  exhibits  in  their  highest  de- 
velopment. The  extraordinary  loveliness  of  this  beauty  spot  is 
intended  to  soften  any  impressions  of  a  disagreeable  nature  that 
may  have  been  engendered  during  a  tour  of  the  Plaisance  and 
an  inspection  of  the  different  people  living  there.  The  visitor 
will  depart  with  a  feeling  of  delight  and  profit  and  will  not 
think  tUat  the  charge  for  a  few  special  attractions  among  the 
tribes  has  been  exhorbitant. 

It  may  be  interesting  to  know  that  an  engine  nearly  twice 


Un  globo  cautivo,  manejado  por  Henry  La  Chambre  y  pro- 
visto  de  las  maquinas  aerostaticas  mas  modernas,  podra  llevar 
una  veintena  de  personas  a  una  altura  de  1,500  pies.  Este  glo- 
blo  demostrara  lo  que  puede  hacer  un  aeronauta  en  epocas  de 
guerra. 

Mucho  han  de  llamar  la  atencion  tambien  los  Bushmen  de  la 
Australia,  y  otros  artistas  que  armados  de  terribles  lanzas  y  rnaca- 
nas.  daran  con  ellas  sorprendentes  exhibiciones  de  destreza.  Los 
naturales  de  la  India  estaran  representados  por  juglares,  doma- 
dores  de  serpientes,  astrologos,  etc.,  como  tambien  artifices  que 
se  haran  cono?er  en  diferentes  oficios  de  aquellas  tierras  intere- 
santes.  Verase  asimismo  un  campamento  zulu,  bajo  la  direc- 
cion  del  Consul  de  los  Estados  Unidos  en  la  ciudad  del  Cabo. 
En  un  caserio  6  aldea  caracteristica,  tendra  su  residencia  un  rey 
del  Dahomey,  con  sesenta  indigenas  de  ambos  sexos,  amazonas, 
etc.  Estos  fabricaran  y  venderan  mercancias  propias  de  su  pais, 
como  obras  de  talla.  armas  y  iitensilios  domesticos. 

A  la  extremidad  del  Plaisance  hay  una  extension  de  5  acres 
dedicada  a  una  exhibicion  de  jardineria  en  su  mayor  adelanto. 
La  hermosura  extraordinaria  de  este  lugar  suayizara  las  nnpre- 
siones  desagradables  que  hayan  podido  recibirse  a  la  vista  de 
ciertas  gentes  exoticas  en  <-tros  lugares  del  Plaisance,  y  el  visi- 
tante  comprendera  que  no  ha  sido  exorbitante  el  precio  cobrado 
por  algunas  exhibiciones  especiales  dadas  por  las  tribus. 


110 


the  size  of  tho  famous  Corliss  steam  engine  used  at  the  Phila- 
delphia Exposition  is  contained  in  the  power  house  near  the 
Machinery  Building,  in  which  the  24,000  horse  power  for  the  use 
of  the  Exposit  ion  is  provided.  Oil  is  used  as  fuel.  The  boilers 
present  a  bank  GOO  feet  long. 

There  are  restaurants  and  dining  halls  in  all  the  main  build- 
ings. Tho  Dairy  building  will  serve  luncheons  and  there  will 
be  a  typical  American  railway  lunch-counter  in  the  Transporta- 
tion Building.  Along  the  shore  of  the  lake  are  six  cool  restau- 
rants tanned  by  the  breezes.  About  30,000  persons  can  bo  fed 
each  hour. 

The  sewage  system  of  the  Fair  is  an  exhibit  in  itself.  The 
rain  water  from  the  roofs  is  conducted  through  underground 
pipes  into  the  interior  bayous  and  lagoons.  The  surface  water 
is  led  by  another  series  of  pipes  into  Lake  Michigan.  The  sewage 
is  forced  through  a  third  series  of  pipes  to  the  cleansing  works 
at  the  south-east  corner  of  the  enclosure.  There  it  is  thrown 
into  tanks  and  purified  by  the  use  of  chemicals.  The  solid  por- 
tion is  pressed  into  cakes  and  burned. 

All  the  Exposition  Buildings  and  many  of  the  States  struc- 
tures are  covered  with  a  peculiar  composition  of  plaster,  hemp 
and  cement.  This  is  lighter  than  wood  and  will  last  for  years  if 
properly  painted.  The  sculptural  and  architectural  designs  on 
the  roofs  of  the  buildiDgs  are  first  moulded  in  clay  model  moulds 


Interesara  el  saber  que  en  la  estacion  de  fuerza  motriz,  si- 
tuada  cerca  del  Palacio  de  Maquiuaria,  hay  una  maquiua  casi  de 
doble  tamaho  que  la  famosa  "Corliss"  que  tanto  se  admiro  en  la 
Exposicion  de  Filadelfia.  Suministra  esta  24,000  caballos  de  fuer- 
za para  el  certamen.  Como  combustible  se  usa  aceite.  Las  cal- 
deras  tienen  una  superficie  de  600  pies  de  largo. 

En  los  edificios  principales  hay  restaurants  y  comedores.  En 
el  de  Industrias  Lacteas  se  sirven  colaciones  6  luncheons  y  se  ve 
en  el  de  Trasportes  un  mostrador  tipico  igual  aTque  existe  en  las 
estaciones  de  ferrocarriles  de  este  pais,  para  el  despacho  de  co- 
mida.  En  las  orillas  del  canal  hay  restaurants  refrescados  por 
la  brisa:  pueden  dar  de  comer  en  una  hora  a  unas  30,000  per- 
sonas. 

El  alcantarillado  del  Certamen  es  por  si  solo  una  exposicion. 
La  lluvia  procedente  de  los  techos  pasa  a  los  canalones  y  lagunas 
por  medio  de  tubos  subterraneos.  El  agua  del  pavimento  es 
conducida  al  lago  Michigan  por  otras  caherias,  al  paso  que  las 
inmundieias  pasan  por  un  tercer  sistema  de  tubos  a  los  deposi- 
tos  de  purificacion  situados  en  la  esquina  sudoeste  de  los  terre- 
nos.  Alii  estos  residuos  son  arrojados  en  tanques  donde  se  les 
echan  ingredientes  quimicos  que  los  purifican.  Las  materias  so- 
lidas  se  reducen  a  panes  por  medio  de  la  presidn  y  despu6s  se 
que  man. 

Todos  los  edificios  de  la  Exposici6n  y  muchosde  los  Estados 


Ill 


are  then  made  from  these  in  which  the  Staff  roofing  is  cast  much 
like  iron  The  material  has  been  nsed  as  a  roofing  in  South 
Africa  for  many  years.  The  Art  Gallery  contains  a  representa- 
tive collection  of  paintings,  water  colors  and  sculpture  by  the 
best  American  artists  both  living  and  dead.  The  foreign  nations 
have  sent  an  imposing  collection  which  will  be  an  earnest  rival 
Eor  popular  favor. 

The  interesting  Stock  Exhibit  will  attract  the  attention  of 
most  visitors.  Sheds  covering  fourty  acres;  a  pavilion  280  per  440 
feet,  containing  an  amphitheatre  and  show  ring,  and  three 
buildings  designed  for  special  kinds  of  animals  are  required  for 
the  purposes  of  the  exhibit.  The  cost  of  the  buildings  was 
$335,000. 

More  than  100,000  people  an  hour  can  be  carried  to  and 
rrom  the  grounds  on  the  numerous  railways  and  steamboats. 
The  distances  on  the  grounds  are  so  great  that  visitors  will  of- 
ten choose  the  elevated  railway.  It  is  intended  by  the  World's 
Congress  Auxiliarv  to  assemble  in  Chicago  the  representatives 
of  all  nations  in  the  departments  of  thought.  The  Government 
of  the  U.  S.  has  endorsed  the  movement  and  its  official  announce- 
ment has  been  sent  to  the  most  learned  people  in  all  coun- 
tries. The  work  has  been  divided  into  the  following  depart- 
ments :  Art,  Literature,  Music,  Religion,  Science  and  Philo- 
sophy, Agriculture,   Commerce,  Finance,  Education,  Engineer- 


estan  revestidos  de  una  composicion  especial  hecha  con  yeso 
cahamo  y  cemento,  resultando  el  conjunto  mas  ligero  que  la  ma- 
dera  y  de  bastante  duraciou  si  se  pinta  convenientemente.  Los 
adornos  es'mlturales  y  arquitectonicos  do  los  techos  de  los  edi- 
ficios  se  hacen  de  este  material,  llamado  "Staff,"  en  moldes  de 
arcilla,  por  un  sistema  parecido  al  de  las  fundicioues  de  hierro. 
Este  material  se  ha  usado  por  muchos  ahos  en  Africa  para  te- 
chos. 

La  Galena  Artistica  contiene  una  coleccion  notable  da  lien- 
zos,  acuarelas  y  esculturas  de  los  mejores  artistas,  presentes  y 
pasados.  de  los  Estados  Unidos.  Las  naciones  extranjeras  han 
enviado  un  coutingente  extraordinario  que  sinduda  se  granjeara 
el  favor  del  publico. 

La  exhibiciou  de  Ganaderia  es  muy  interesante.  Corrales 
que  cubren  una  extension  de  40  acres;  un  pabellon  de  280  por 
440  pies,  con  un  anfiteatro  y  circo  de  exhibiciones,  y  tres  edifi- 
cios  para  clases  especiales  deganado,  responden  cumplidamente 
a  las  necesidades  de  esta  parte  del  certamen.  Los  edifieios  han 
costado  $335,000. 

Mas  de  100,000  personas  por  hora  pueden  ser  conducidas  a 
la  Exposicion  6  regresar  en  los  nurnerosos  tranvias  y  yapores. 
Las  distancias  en  los  terrenos  son  tan  grandes  que  los  visitantes 
preferiran  a  menudo  el  ferrocarril  elevado.  Tratase  de  reunir 
en  Chicago  Congresosde  representantes  de  todas  las  nac  iones  en 


112 


ing,  Government,  Labor,  Medicine,  Moral  and  Social  Reform, 
Public  Press,  Temperance,  Sunday  Rest,  etc.  These  general 
departments  are  divided  into  about  a  hundred  divisions,  each  of 
which  will  hold  a  Congress.  Many  of  the  world's  great  thinkers, 
writers  and  speakers  haved  accepted  the  Government's  invita- 
tion to  be  present. 

Among  the  nations  of  Europe  exhibiting  at  the  Fair,  Ger- 
many takes  a  prominent  position.  The  Krupp-Ban,  a  handsome 
building,  will  contain  the  products  ot  the  world-renowned  firm 
of  F.  Krupp,  many  of  whose  exhibits  were  shipped  months  ago 
to  enable  them  to  arrive  by  the  all  water  route  from  New  York 
to  Chicago.  The  principal  buildings  at  the  Fair  have  been  cons- 
tructed on  such  a  gigantic  plan  that  it  has  been  found  desirable 
to  arrange,  as  far  as  possible,  collective  groups  in  such  a  way 
that  the  aspect  of  such  combined  exhibits  will  make  an  impres- 
sive show  proportionate  in  some  way  to  the  mighty  surrounding. 

Among  the  German  exhibits  are;  a  display  of  German  wa- 
tering-places like  Aix-la-Chapelle,  Wiesbaden,  Tolz,  Wildungen, 
etc.;  agricultural  machinery;  the  famous  Kali  works  at  Stass- 
furt;  German  wines  from  the  Rhine.  Moselle,  Main,  Nahe,  Pfalz, 
Wurtenburg,  Baden,  Alsace-Lorraine,  etc.;  the  horticultural 
and  florists,  exhibits;  fruits  and  cider,  etc.;  an  exhibition  of 
mines  and  mining  will  be  prepared  by  the  Prussian  Ministry  of 
that  department;  Machinery  in  a  great  variety  of  branches;  che- 


los  diversos  ramos  intelectuales.  El  Gobierno  de  los  Estados 
L'nidos  ha  dado  su  apoyo  al  proyecto  y  se  ha  enviado  notifica- 
cion  oficial  4  las  persona  s  mas  ilustradas  de  todo  el  mundo.  Los 
trabajos  se  han  distribuido  entre  los  siguientes  departamentos: 
Artes,  Literatura,  Miisica,  Religion,  Ciencias  y  Filosofia,  Agri- 
cultura,  Comercio,  Hacienda,  Educacion,  IngenierJa,  Gobierno, 
Trabajo,  Medic ina,  Reformas  moral  y  social,  Prensa  piiblica, 
Templanza,  Descanso  dominical,  etc.  Estos  departamentos  ge- 
nerates a  su  vez  estan  divididos  en  unas  cien  secciones,  cada 
una  de  las  cuales  celebrara  un  Congreso.  Muelios  de  los>  m&s 
famosos  filosofos,  oradores  y  escritores  del  mundo  han  aceptado 
la  invitacion  de  este  Gobierno  para  que  conourrieran. 

Entre  las  naciones  europeas  representadas  en  Chicago,  ocu- 
pa  lugar  prominente  Alemania.  En  el  Krupp  Ban,  edincio  her- 
moso,  estanin  los  produotes  del  famoso  constructor  do  cafiones 
de  Essen,  muchos  de  cuyos  objetos  f  ueron  remitidos  hace  meses 
para  que  pudieran  llegar  a  Chicago  a  tiempo  por  la  via  exclu3i- 
vamente  acuatica.  Los  principales  edificios  de  la  Exposicion 
han  sido  constnridos  en  escala  tan  gigantesca,  que  se  ha  creido 
oportuno  disponer  los  objetos  en  grupos  para  que  su  aspecto  co- 
lectivo  causara  impresi6n  proporcionada  a  lo  enorine  de  los  edi- 
ficios. 

En  las  intalaciones  alemanas  figuran:  representaciones  de 
sus  famosos  lugares  de  estacion  y  de  aguas,  como  Aquisgran, 


113 


micai  industry;  exhibit  of  the  German  Society  of  Engravers; 
collective  group  of  artistic  work  in  silver,  gold  and  jewelry  from 
Hanau  Pfortheim,  Sehwab-Gmund;  silks  and  velvet  stuffs  from 
the  Crefeld  district;  group  of  woven  and  worsted  goods,  hosiery, 
woollen  and  cotton  goods,  laces,  etc.;  all  kinds  of  textile  indus- 
tries of  Saxonv;  collection  of  fans  made  in  Saxony;  toys  of  all 
kinds  from  Sonneberg  and  the  Gotha  district;  collective  group 
of  the  District  of  Nurenberg-Furth,  showing  its  well-known  ma- 
nufactories of  notions,  such  as  looking-glasses,  pencils,  toys 
cold-leaf,   etc.:  electrotechnical  articles;   large  collection  of 
everything  connected  with  books  and  printings,  and  artistic  re- 
productions in  the  form  of  lithography,  xyolography,  zmko- 
graphy  and  photography;  optical  and  physical  apparatuses  and 
instruments  and  mechanical  works  of  precision    etc.;  exhibit  of 
German  engineering;  German  architecture;  articles  for  Churches. 
Theseis  also  a  large  display  of  paintmgs,andsculpture  in  the  Fine 
Arts  Building,  and  also  a  notable  exhibit  of  German  women's 
work  in  the  different  branches  of  art,  fine  needlework,  the 
sciences  and  benevolent  institutions,  all  grouped  in  the  Women  s 
"Ruildinc    The  famous  royal  Prussian  studs  at  Graditz  and  else 
where  have  sent  a  number  of  carefully  selected  thoroughbred 
horses.  Independent  of  these  collective  groups  are  a  number  of 
exhibits  which  it  was  thought  best  to  place  by  themselves,  like 
preserves,  mineral  waters,  like  Apolioharis,  Bavarian  beer,  ce- 


Wiesbaden,  Tolz,  Wildungen  etc.; ;  maqumaria  agricola ,  las  fa- 
mosas  fabricas  de  Kali,  en  Stassfurt; "Vinos  del  Bin,  Mosella, 
Main,  Name,  Pfalz,  Wurtenburg,  Baden,  Alsacia-Lorena,  etc. 
exhibiciones  de  horticultura  y  floricultura;  frutas  y  sidras,  etc.; 
una  exhibici6n  de  minas  y  mineria,  por  el  Mimsterio  prusia- 
no  del  departamento  respective;  gran  vanedad  de  maquinaria; 
las  industrias  quimicas;  los  objetos  enviados  por  la  Sociedad 
Alemana  de  Grabadores;  grupos  de  obras  artisticas  en  plata  y 
oro  v  ioyeria  de  Hanau,  Pfortheim,  Schwab-Gmund;  sedas  y 
terciopelos  del  distrito  de  Crefeld;  tejidos  y  articulos  de  estam- 
bre,  medias,  generos  de  algodon,  encajes,  etc.;  toda  clase  de 
eiemplares  de  las  industrias  textiles  de  Sa]onia.  mguetes  de 
Sonneberg  y  Gotha;  espejos,  lapices,  juguetesy  otros  artetactos 
analogos  de  las  conocidas  fabricas  de  los  distntos  de  Nurenberg 
y  Furth;  aparatos  cientificos  de  electricidad;  gran  coleccion  de 
todo  lo  relacionado  con  libros  e  impresiones  y  artisticas  repro- 
ducciones  litograficas,  zinkograficas,  xilograficas  y  fotograhcas; 
aparatos  de  optica  y  de  f  isica  6  instrumentos  mecanicos  de  pre- 
cision etc.;  exhibiciones  de  ingenieria  y  arquitectura  alemana_s; 
y  articulos  para  iglesias.  Hay  tambien  una  curiosa  coleccion  de 
cuadros  y  estatuas  en  el  Palacio  de  Bellas  Artes,  asi  como  un 
contingente  notable  de  trabajos  femeninos  en  artes,  obra  fina  de 
aguia,  ciencias,  instituciones  beneficas,  etc.,  todo  esto  agrupado 
en  el  Edificio  de  las  Sehoras.    Las  cuadras  reales  de  Graditz  y 


114 


ment,  photo-mechanical  articles,  etc.  A  great  number  of  mo- 
dels of  ships,  steamers,  boats  and  nil  vehicles  connected  with 
transportation  by  land  and  water  may  be  seen  in  the  Transpor- 
tation Building.  Among  the  branches  of  German  industry  re- 
presented are:  paper  manufactures,  furniture  and  ornamental 
decorations,  mosaic  and  pottery,  china  and  majolica,  bric-a- 
brac,  bronze,  castings,  glass  and  stained  windows,  clothing  and 
dresses,  embroidery,  laces,  leather-ware,  arms,  candelabra  and 
lustres,  musical  instruments  of  every  kind,  grand  pianos,  etc. 
The  Emperor  of  Germany  has  sent  for  exhibition  a  largo  and 
priceless  collection  of  snuff  boxes,  watches,  jewelry,  brooches 
and  rings  that  have  been  worn  by  the  rulers  of  that  country. 

The  Danish  Building,  designed  by  K.  Arne  Petersen,  of  Co- 
penhagen, consists  of  three  towers,  and  shows  characteristic 
pictures  of  Danish  landscapes.  Two  rooms  are  devoted  to  two 
men  typical  of  Danish  intellectual  life  and  known  all  over  tho 
world.  Albert  Thorwaldsen,  the  sculptor,  and  Hans  Christian 
Andersen,  the  poet  and  writer  of  fairy  tales.  On  passing  through 
the  entrance  one  meets  a  rich  show  of  gold  and  silver  work,  of 
porcelain  and  terra  cotta,  of  furniture  and  wall-hangings,  of 
books  and  bookbinding  and  of  hand-woven  and  embroidered 
fancy  work.  Plants  and  animals  represented  in  plain  sewing  by 
Mrs.  Ida  Hansen,  can  almost  compete  with  a  painting  in  com- 
position and  brilliancy  of  color.    The  art  of  Printing  and  Book- 


otroslugares  de  Prusia  han  enviado  una  coleccion  selecta  de  ca- 
ballos  de  pura  raza.  Independientemente  de  estas  instalaciones 
colectivas  hay  otras  separadas,  como  las  de  conservas,  aguas  mi- 
nerales,  cervezas  de  Baviera,  cemento,  articulos  foto-meeanicos, 
etc.  Gran  numero  de  modelos  de  buques  y  toda  clase  de  vehi- 
culos  acuaticos  y  terrestres  se  veran  en  el  Edificio  de  Transpor- 
tes. 

Entre  las  industrias  alemanas  representadas  se  hall  an:  la 
papeleria,  muebleria,  mosaicos,  alfareria  de  tierra,  China  y  ma- 
y61ica;  fundiciones  de  bronce,  bric-a-brac;  ventanas  de  cristal 
tehido;  fabricas  de  panos  y  sastrerias;  bordados,  encajes,  tene- 
rias;  asi  como  las  fabricas  de  arenas,  pianos  y  demas  instrumen- 
tos  de  miisica,  etc.,  etc.  El  emperador  de  Alemania  exhibe  una 
numerosa  y  valiosisima  coleccion  de  tabaqneras,  relojes,  bro- 
ches,  hebillas,  sortijas  y  demas  alhajas  que  han  sido  usados  por 
los  reyes  de  aquel  pais. 

El  pabellon  de  Dinamarca,  disehado  por  K.  Arne  Petersen, 
de  Copenhague,  consta  de  tres  torres  y  en  61  se  exhiben  cuadros 
de  paisajes  dinamarqueses.  Hay  dos  salas  dedicadas  a  dos  dina- 
marqueses fainosos  en  todo  el  mundorel  escultor  Alberto  Thor. 
waldsen  y  el  poeta  y  cuentistaHans  Christian  Andersen. Al  cruzar 
la  entrada  se  encuentra  una  magnlfica  exhibicion  de  obras  en 
oro  y  plata,  tierra  cocida  y  poreelana,  muebles,  libros  y  utensi- 
Hos  para  encuadernacion.es,  bordados  a  mano,  trabajo  fi.no  do 


115 


binding  is  well  represented  by  numerous  fine  specimens.  Cera- 
mics is  an  especial  favorite  with  the  Danish  artists,  such  as  the 
brothers  Skovgaard,  Thorvald,  Biudesboll,  Philipsen,  Elise 
Konstantin-Hansen  and  others.  The  Royal  Porcelain  Manufac- 
tory, well  known  all  over  the  artistic  world  will  exhibit  the 
work,  among  others,  of  Arnold  Krog.  Danish  furniture  will  be 
well  represented.  The  brooches,  rings  and  bracelets  made  in  the 
old  Norse  style  will  find  many  admirers. 

The  French  exhibit  is  under  the  supervision  of  Mr.  Camille 
Kraut  z,  Commissioner-general,  ably  seconded  by  Mr.  Monthiers 
and  Mr.  Hetzel,  by  Mr.  Roger-Ballu  for  the  fine  arts,  and  Mr. 
Louis  Henrique  for  the  Colonial  exhibit.  The  leading  women  of 
France  have  sent  interesting  collections  to  the  general  exhibit 
and  to  the  Woman's  Building. 

A  comprehensive  exhibit  consisting  mainly  of  statistics, 
text  books  and  examination  papers,  giving  an  exact  idea  of  the 
present  condition  of  the  three  grand  divisions,  primary,  secon- 
dary and  university,  of  education  in  France,  has  been  prepared 
by  the  Ministry  of  Public  Instruction.  A  curious  exhibit  con- 
sisting of  historic  souvenirs  of  the  War  for  our  Independence 
brought  from  the  Paris  museums  and  from  the  private  collec- 
tions of  the  well-known  archeologist,  Mr.  Lucien  Fancou,  will 
attract  the  visitors  close  attention.  All  the  various  branches  of 
the  Department  of  Transportation  will  be  shown,  particulary 


mujer,  etc.  En  esta  categoria  figuran  los  bordados  de  la  senora 
Ida  Hansen,  representando  plantas  y  animales  con  tal  arte  que 
casi  pueden  competir  con  una  pintura.  El  arte  tipografico  y  de 
encuadernaciones  estan  representados  por  numerosos  y  exquisi- 
tos  ejemplares.  La  ceramica  esta  muy  adelantada  entre  los  ar- 
tistas  daneses,  como  los  hermanos  Skorgaard,  Thorvald,  Bindes- 
ball,  Philipsen,  Elise  Konstantin,  Hansen  y  otros.  La  Real  Fa- 
brica  de  Poreelana,  conocida  en  todo  el  mundo  artistico,  exhibe, 
entre  otras  cosas,  obras  de  Arnold  Krog.  En  muebleria  danesa 
hay  mucho  que  ver,  y  hallarantambienmuchos  admiradores,  los 
broches,  anillos  y  brazaletes  noruegos  antiguos. 

Las  instalaciones  de  Francia  estan  a  cargo  del  Comisario 
General  Mr.  Camille  Krautz,  a  qnien  secundan  habilmente  Mr. 
Monthiers  y  M.  Hetzel,  Roger  Ballu,  para  las  Bellas  Artes  y  M. 
Louis  Henrique  para  los  productos  de  las  colonias.  Las  princi- 
pals damas  de  Francia  han  enviado  preciosas  colecciones  a  los 
edificios  generates  y  al  de  Seiioras. 

El  Ministerio  de  Instruccion  Piiblica  ha  preparado  una  am- 
plia  coleccion  de  estadisticas,  libros  detexto,  etc.,  que  dan  idea 
exacta  del  estado  de  la  ensenanza  en  Francia.  Tambien  inte- 
resara  mucho  una  curiosa  exhibicion  de  reliquias  de  la  guerra 
de  la  independencia  de  los  Estados  Unidos,  procedentes  de  los 
museos  de  Paris  y  de  colecciones  del  conocido  arqueologo  Mr. . 
Lucien  Faucou.    En  varias  dependencias  del  Departamento 


11G 


that  of  carriage  building.  Two  of  the  very  best  makers  will 
send  over  a  scoro  of  oxamples  of  their  best  products.  There 
will  also  be  an  interesting  display  of  velocipedes,  saddles,  har- 
nesses and  stable  fixings.  The  exhibition  of  the  French  Tele- 
graphic Department  will  cover  more  than  a  thousand  square 
yards  off  pace.  It  will  embrace  a  retrospective  collection  of  all 
telegraphic  apparatus  since  the  invention  of  the  system,  begin- 
ning with  tho  signal  telegraphy  of  Chappe,  embracing  the  auto 
graphic  instruments  of  Caselli,  Meyer  and  Arlinconrt,  and  co- 
ming down  to  the  very  newest  improvements.  Examples  of  the 
various  kinds  of  submarine  telegraph  cables  from  tho  beginning 
down  to  the  j)resent  are  shown.  There  is  also  an  interesting 
exhibition  of  electrical  instruments  and  devices  used  by  private 
firms.  A  projetor  placed  on  one  of  the  towers  of  tho  Transpor- 
tation Building  displays  the  carrying  power  of  some  particulary 
interesting  examples  of  rotating  beacon  lights.  Tho  light-house 
administration  will  occupy  400  square  yards  of  space.  The  va- 
rious Paris  publishers  and  great  printing  houses  will  make  a 
collective  display  similar  to  that  which  tilled  tho  northwestern 
end  of  the  second  floor  of  the  Liberal  Arts  Palace  in  1889.  Mr. 
Henri  Doniol,  the  famous  director  of  the  National  Printing  Of- 
fiee,  has  prepared  and  exhibit  which  is  especially  noteworthy. 

The  principal  exhibits  in  the  British  section  are  to  be  found 
in  the  Manufacturies.  Most  conspicuous  will  be  the  display  of 


de  Transportes  habra  objetos  franceses,  enviando  dos  de  los  me- 
jores  constructores  veintitantos  ejemplares  de  sus  mejores  arte- 
factos.  Habra  tambien  una  coleccion  interesante  de  velocipe- 
dos,  sillas  de  montar,  harneses  y  equipos  de  cuadras. 

Las  instalaciones  telegraficas  francesas  ocuparan  una  super- 
ficie  de  mas  de  mil  varas  cuadradas,  comprendiendo  una  colec- 
cion retrospectiva  de  toda  clase  de  aparatos  usados  desde  que 
se  invento  el  telegrafo.  Asi  se  ver&  desde  el  aparato  de  sehales 
de  Chappe  a  los  instrumentos  autogralicos  de  Caselli,  Meyer  y 
Arlincourt,  hasta  los  mas  modernos.  Podran  verse  ejemplares 
de  varias  clases  de  cables  submarinos,  desde  su  invencion  a  la 
epoca  presente.  Hay  tambien  una  interesante  exhibici6n  de  ins- 
trumentos electricos  que  usan  varias  compahias  particulares. 

En  una  de  las  torres  del  Edificio  de  Transportes  se  exhibi- 
ran  poderosos  proyectores  de  los  usados  en  los  faros  giratorios. 
Las  instalaciones  de  la  administracion  de  faros  ocuparan  un  es- 
pacio  de  400  varas  cuadradas.  Los  grandes  publicistas  e  impre- 
sores  de  Paris  haran  una  exhibicion  colectiva  semejante  a  la 
que  en  1889  ocupaba  la  extremidad  noroeste  del  segundo  piso  del 
Palacio  de  Artes  Liberales.  Mr.  Henri  Doniol,  el  famoso  direc- 
tor de  la  Oficina  Nacional  de  Impresiones  ha  reunido  una  colec- 
cion digna  de  nota. 

Las  exhibicioues  principales  de  la  seccion  inglesa  seran  sus 
manufacturas,  descollando  la  colecci6n  de  aliareria.    Casi  todos 


117 


pottery.  Nearly  all  tho  leading  English  potters  are  represented. 
There  is,  of  course,  a  rood  Bhow  of  textiles,  including  woolens, 
linen  and  silk.  Tho  chemical  industries  are  fully  represented 
iby  the  loading  firms  of  Sheffield,  and  Birmingham.  In  tho  De- 
partment of  Liberal  Arts  there  are  typical  collections  of  educa- 
tional apparatus  by  the  London  School  Board  and  the  Science 
and  Art  Department.  Tho  photographic  exhibits  will  form  an 
interesting  feature.  There  are  some  line  steam  engines  by  well- 
known  malcers  and  a  display  of  textile  and  miscellaneous  machi- 
nery. The  Mines  Department  contains  a  complete  collection  of 
economic  minerals  and  a  tvpieal  one  of  metallurgical  products. 
There  is  a  full  display  of  food  products.  The  display  of  pain- 
tings is  unusually  good,  few,  if  any,  of  the  orroat  English  pain- 
ters being  unrepresented.  The  Victoria  I  louse,  erected  by  tho 
English  Commission,  serves  as  its  head-quarters  in  the  Exposi- 
tion Grounds.  Great  1  Jritain  is  determined  to  maintain  her  old 
position  at  international  exhibitions. 

The  old  feeling  of  genuine  friendship  of  Russians  for  Ame- 
ricans has  been  often  shown,  particularly  by  the  visit  of  the 
Duke  Alexis  to  this  eountrv.  This  feeling  was  intensified  by 
America's  contributions  for  the  relief  of  the  suffering  poor  in 
Russia  last  year.  This  last  eireumstance  has  done  much  to  in- 
crease Russia's  interest  in  the  Fair.  Tho  Central  Government 
at  Saint  Petersburg  having  done  all  in  its  power  to  induce 


los  alfareros  ingleses  estan  representados.  Hay  tambien,  natu- 
ralmente,  una  bnena  coleccion  do  telas  de  lana,  hilo  y  seda.  Las 
industrias  quimicas  estan  plenamente  representadas  por  las 
principals  casas  do  Sheffield  y  Birmingham.  En  el  Departa- 
mento  de  Artes  Liberates  hay  colecciones  tipicas  de  aparatosde 
ensenanza  enviados  por  la  Junta  de  Escuelas  y  el  Xegociado  de 
Ciencias  y  Artes.  Las  oxhibiciones  fotograficas  son  interesan- 
tes.  Vense  tambien  hermosas  maquinas  de  vapor  do  conocidos 
fabric-antes,  y  maquinaria  para  las  industrias  textiles  y  otros 
usos.  En  el  "ramo  de  Minas  so  exhibe  una  coleccion  eompleta  do 
minerales  comunes  y  productos  metahirgicos.  Hay  ademas 
una  gran  variedad  de  produetos  alimenticios.  En  cuadros  hay 
mucho  quo  vor,  no  habiendo  quiza  uno  solo  de  los  grandee  pin- 
tores  ingleses  quo  no  est6  representado.  La  "Victoria  House" 
erigida  por  el  Gobierno  de  Londres,  es  el  pabellon  oficial  de  In- 
glaterra,  la  cual  aoredita  su  proposito  de  conservar  su  antiguo 
puesto  en  las  Exposiciones  internacionales. 

La  tradicional  amistad  de  Rusia  por  los  Estados  Unidos,  pa- 
tenti/ada  con  la  visita  del  principe  Alejo,  base  acrosentado  con 
los  donatives  norteamericanos  para  aliviar  el  hambre  en  Rusia 
el  ano  pasado.  Esto  ultimo  contribuyo  mucho  a  aumentar  el 
interns  de  Rusia  en  la  Exposicion  Colombina.  El  Gobierno  de 
San  Petersburgo  ha  hecho  todo  lo  posible  para  inducir  a  los  in- 
dustrials y  comerciantes  a  que  enviaran  sus  productos  a  Chica- 


118 


manufacturers  and  dealers  to  send  their  products  to  Chicago  by 
promising  to  pay  all  the  necessary  expenses  out  of  the  Imperial 
Treasury,  the  leading  manufacturers,  the  Governors  ot  the  va- 
rious provinces,  including  even  those  of  the  Caucasus,  Turkes- 
tan and  Siberia  have  taken  great  interest  in  the  project.  The 
archeologic.il,  historical  and  other  scientific  institutions  of  that 
wonderful  country  are  consequently  well  represented.  The 
work  of  1  he  Russian  women  will  be  set  forth  in  great  variety, 
including  domestic,  artistic  and  educational  interests.  The 
Government  has  an  exhibition,  from  the  Department  of  Public 
Domains,  including  iron,  petroleum,  agriculture,  forestry,  fish- 
ing, botany  and  the  like ;  the  Department  of  War  ;  the  Naval 
Department;  the  Ministry  of  Public  Instruction;  the  Depart- 
ment of  Appanage  ;  Ministry  of  Ways  and  Communications,  etc. 
Under  their  respective  exhibits  are  attractive  features  as,  for 
instance,  a  model  of  the  first  ship  of  the  Russian  fleet,  built  by 
Peter  the  Great,  together  with  other  models  of  Russian  war 
ships ;  a  collection  of  military  objects  made  in  the  factories  and 
workshops  of  Russia  ;  a  complete  set  of  military  works,  edited 
by  the  War  Scientific  Department ;  a  complete  collection  of 
agricultural  products  of  the  Empire;  an  exhibit  of  the  work  of 
the  public  schools ;  an  exhibit  from  the  Emperor's  great  vine- 
yards in  the  Caucasus,  Crimea  and  Bessarabia,  and  a  large  col- 
lection of  industrial  products  of  all  kinds. 


go,  prometiendo  sufragar  a  expensas  del  Tesoro  Imperial  todos 
los  gastos.  Los  principales  manufactureros,  los  gobernadores 
de  provincias,  incluyendo  hasta  los  del  Caucaso,  el  Turquestan 
y  Siberia,  han  tornado  gran  empeho  en  el  proyecto.  Las  socie- 
dades  arqueologica,  hist6rica  y  otras  de  caracter  cientifico  de 
aquel  pais  estan  muy  bien  representadas.  Los  trabajos  de  la 
mujer  rusa  aparecen  en  gran  variedad,  comprendiendo  labores 
artisticas,  dom^sticas  y  educacionales.  El  gobierno  presenta 
una  magnifica  exhibicion  procedente  del  Departamento  de  Do- 
minios  Publicos,  que  comprende  hierro,  petroleo,  agricultura, 
selvicultura,  piscicultura,  botanica,  etc.;  acudiendo  tambi^n  con 
sus  contingentes  los  Ministerios  de  la  Guerra,  Marina,  Instruc- 
ci6n  Publica,  Caminos  y  Comunicaciones,  etc.  En  sus  secciones 
respectivas  hay  curiosidades  notables,  como  elmodelo  del  primer 
buque  de  la  escuadra  rusa,  construido  por  Pedro  el  Grande,  y  los 
de  otros  buques  de  guerra;  una  colecci6n  de  efectos  militares  he- 
chos  en  Rusia;  una  colecci6n  completa  de  libros  sobre  ciencia 
militar  publicados  por  el  Negociado  Cientifico  del  Ministerio  de 
la  Guerra;  otra  de  los  productos  agricolas  del  imperio;  trabajos 
de  las  escuelas  publicas;  una  instalacion  procedente  de  los  gran- 
des  vinedos  del  Emperador  en  el  Caucaso,  la  Crimea  y  Besarabia 
y  una  coleccion  de  productos  industrials  de  todas  clases. 

Debido  en  gran  parte  a  una  solicitud  ferviente  de  la  senora 
Potter  Palmer,  de  Chicago,  a  la  Emperatriz,  se  ha  organizado 


119 


Owing  largely  to  an  earnest  appeal  made  by  Mrs.  Potter  Pal- 
mer, of  Chicago,  to  the  Empress,  a  Board  of  Lady  Commissioners 
was  appointed  which  has  prepared  the  following  exhibit  which 
may  be  summarized  as  follows:  A  beatif ul  rich  and  magnificent 
exhibit  by  the  Gran  Duchess  Elizabeth  Teodorovna,  from  the  city 
and  Government  of  Moscow;  a  large  and  unique  exhibit  by 
Mme.  A.  N.  Narischkine,  from  the  Government  of  Tambovv;  an 
extremely  interesting  exhibit  by  Princess  Urusoff,  Government 
of  Smolensk;  an  historical  exhibit,  representing  the  hand  work 
of  the  different  clans  of  Eastern  Siberia,  by  Baroness  Korff, 
wife  of  the  Amoor  Governor-General;  the  exhibit  of  Mme. 
Goutcharoff,  from  the  Government  of  Simbirsk;  a  valuable  exhi- 
bit by  Princess  Shachavski,  Government  of  Pensa;  the  work  of 
Polish  women,  by  Mme.  Gurko,  wife  of  the  Governor  General  of 
Warsaw  and  Poland;  work  of  the  North  Volga  and  Oka  districts, 
by  Mme.  Baranoff,  wife  of  the  Governor  of  Nijni  Novgorod;  ex- 
hibit of  the  Ladies'  Committee  at  Kasan,  in  which  are  beau- 
tiful silk,  silver  and  gold  embroideries  on  silk,  satin,  linen  and 
leather;  exhibit  of  the  Ladies'  Committee  of  Tobolsk  showing 
the  work  of  Western  Siberia;  exhibit  of  the  Ladies'  Committee 
of  Kavno  and  Minsk.  The  last  two  exhibits  will  show  the  work 
of  the  ladies  and  peasant  women  of  White  Russia.  There  is 
also  a  collection  of  dolls  of  a  large  size,  dressed  to  represent  the 
native  costumes  of  the  different  elans  of  peasant  girls  troughout 


una  comision  de  senoras  rusas,  la  cual  ha  preparado  una  intere- 
sante  coleccion  eompuesta  en  lo  eseneiaL  de  lo  siguiente:  Urni, 
magnifica  y  rica  coleccion  enviada  por  la  Gran  Duquesa  Isabel 
Teodorovna,  de  la  ciudad  y  gobierno  de  Moscou;  otra  copiosa,  y 
unica  en  su  clase,  que  reunio  la  sehora  A.  N.  Narischkine,  del 
gobierno  de  Tambow;  una  en  extremo  interesante,  reunida  por  la 
princesa  Urusoff,  gobierno  de  Smolensk:  una  exhibicion  historica 
de  labores  de  mano  de  las  diferentes  tribus  de  la  Siberia  Orien- 
tal, por  la  baronesa  Korff,  esposa  del  gobernador  general  del 
Amoor;  la  que  envia  Mme.  Goutcharoff,  del  gobierno  de  Sim- 
birsk; otra  vali  osa  reunida  por  la  princesa  Shachavski,  gobier- 
no de  Pensa;  labores  de  la  mujer  polaca,  por  Mme.  Gurko,  espo- 
sa del  gobernador  general  de  Varsovia;  idem  de  los  distritos  del 
Volga  Septentrional  y  Oka,  por  Mme.  Baranoff,  esposa  del  go- 
bernador de  Nijni  Novgorod;  idem  de  las  damas  de  Kasan,  de. 
que  forman  parte  hermosos  bordados  en  seda,  plata  y  oro,  etc; 
exhibicion  de  la  comision  de  senoras  de  Tobolsk,  en  la  Siberia. 
Occidental;  idem  de  las  senoras  de  Karno  y  Minsk.  Tambien 
hay  una  coleccion  de  maniquies  de  gran  tamaho  vestidos  con 
los  trajes  provinciales  de  todo  el  imperio,  asi  como  otra  de  tra- 
ces usados  desde  los  mis  remotos  tiempos  a  la  6poca  presenter 
Varias  senoras  han  compuesto  ademas  un  libro  en  el  que  se  po- 
ne de  manifiesto  la  actividad  de  las  damas  rusae  en  literatura, 
ciencias  y  artes. 


190 


the  Empire;  a  similar  exhibit  shows  the  different  court  costu- 
mes that  have  been  worn  from  the  earliest  times  to  the  present. 
A  number  of  literary  women  have  prepared  a  book  showing  the 
activity  of  Russian  women  in  literature,  science  and  art. 

Art  in  all  its  branches  is  under  the  supervision  of  Count 
Jean  Tolstoi.  The  exhibition  contains  the  master-pieces  of  such 
artists  as  Verestchagin,  Aivasoffsty,  Makaffsky,  Reiper,  Shish- 
kine,  (irusinsky  and  others. 

The  Spanish-speaking  race  besides  valuable  paintings,  one 
representing  Columbus  before  Isabella,  has  sent  several  remark- 
able contributions  in  the  shape  of  models,  the  first  of  the  kind 
ever  shipped  out  of  the  country.  The  most  striking  is  a  perfect 
reproduction  of  the  world-famed  bridge  over  the  Guadalquivir 
at  Cordova.  There  are  sixteen  arcbes  and  two  turrets,  the 
foundations  of  the  originals  of  which  were  laid  when  Christ  was 
a  boy  in  Nazareth.  Special  interest  attaches  to  this  work, 
owing  to  the  fact  that  Cordova  is  said  to  be  tne  oldest  paved 
city  iu  Europe. 

The  most  important  Sweedish  exhibits,  except  those  belong- 
ing to  the  Art  Gallery,  are  placed  in  a  separated  building 
between  the  Fisheries  Structure  and  the  Art  Gallery.  Sweeden 
is  represented  in  the  Woman's  Building,  the  Agricultural  Build- 
ing, Machinery  Hall  and  the  Dairy  Building.  The  style  adopted 
for  Sweeden's  home  is  very  picturesque,  the  architecture  being 


La  seccion  artistica,  en  todas  sus  manifestaciones,  esta  bajo 
la  direccion  de  la  condesa  de  Tolstoi.  En  ella  figuran  las  obras 
maestras  de  artistas  tan  celebres  como  Verestchagin,  Aivasof- 
fsky,  Makaffsky,  Reiper,  Shishkine,  Grussinsky  y  otros. 

Los  espaholes,  adew&s  de  valiosos  cuadros,  como  el  que  re- 
presenta  a"  Colon  ante  Isabel  la  Catolica,  han  contribuido  con  va- 
rios  model os  notables.  El  mas  sorprendente  es  una  reproducciOn 
perfecta  del  uuiversalmente  f amoso  puente  sobre  el  Guadalqui- 
vir, en  Cordoba.  Tiene  diez  y  seis  arcos  y  dos  torreallas,  cuyos 
cimientos  se  echaron  cuando  Cristo  estaba  en  su  infancia  en  la- 
zaret. Reviste  especial  interes  esta  obra  por  el  hecho  de  que 
Cordoba  ha  sido,  segunse  dice,  la  primera  ciudad  de  Europa 
que  tuvo  calles  empedradas. 

Entre  lo  que  exhibe  Suecia,  lo  mas.  importante,  con  excep- 
cion  de  lo  que  envio  a  la  Galeria  Artistica,  se  hallara  en  un 
edificio  especial  situado  entre  el  de  Pesquerias  y  la  Galeria  Ar- 
tistica. Suecia  tiene  representacion  en  el  Edificio  de  las  Seno- 
ras  y  los  de  Agricultura,  Maquinaria  y  Lecherias.  El  estilo  que 
afecta  el  Pabellon  de  Suecia  es  muy  pintoresco,  siendo  copia  de 
antiguos  campamirios  y  castillos  reales  erigidos  en  aquel^  pa-is 
en  los  siglos  XV  v  XVI.  La  torre  principal  tiene  136  pies  de 
elevacion.  El  maderamen  del  edificio  fue  hecho  en  Suecia. 
primer  piso  es  de  ladrillo  y  cernento.  En  las  superficies  de  las 
paredes,  traidas  de  Suecia,  se  exhiben  los  produetos  do  varias 


121 


copied  from  ancient  belfries  and  royal  castles  found  in  that 
country  during  the  fifteenth  and  sixteenth  centuries.  The  height 
of  the  main  tower  is  136  feet.  The  wooden  parts  of  the  building 
were  made  in  Sweeden.  The  first  floor  is  constructed  of  brick 
^nd  cement.  The  facing  of  the  wall,  brought  from  Sweeden, 
contains  exhibits  from  several  manufactories..  Besides  these 
Xects  in  stone  and  cement,  the  building  contains  specimens  of 
thff amous  Sweedish  iron  and  steel  in  a  raw  and  finished  state, 
and  a  multitude  of  other  articles  such  as  paper  glassware  por- 
celain, matches,  textiles,  furniture,  cuttlery,  etc.  The  state  of 
the  interesting  school  system,  restricted  to  ^^tie8,  handi- 
craft and  girls'  needle-work  and  exhibits  from  to^nuaL  sebool, 
together  with  maps,  will  be  shown.  The  agricultural  exhibit 
will  chfefiy  consist  of  some  specimens  of  faming  and 
of  wood-Duln  an  important  article  of  export  from  Sweeden.  A. 
newly^  much  Mention  m 

^aCTteSvSation  of  President  Harrison  extended  to  the  Neth- 
erlands to  send  its  products  to  the  Fair  was  the  only  one  that 
Ls  been  accepted  officiary  by  the  Dutch  Government  for  many 

yeaThereis  a  creditable  exhibit  of  Dutch  art  The  various 
industrial  departments  are  also  represented.  Forty  works  of 
Dutch  women  writers  form  a  part  of  the  International  Women's 


fabricas.    Tiene  ademas  el  edificio  e3emplares  en  bruto  >  con 
cluidos  de  los  famososhierros  y  aceros  de  Suecia,  y  una  multi- 
tude otros  articulos,  como  papel,  cristaleria    porcelana  fosfo- 
ros   teiidos    muebles,  euchilleria,  etc.    Exhibese  tambien  lo 
Sci^  sis.tema;  ese0^  en 

gfmnas";^^^  de  aguja  y  de  otras  *™*>*V^*£$Z 
tPri-il  de  las  escuelas  tecnicas,  etc.  La  exhibicion  agricoia 
co1n:iste^3ranci;almenteen  ejemplares  de  —  ^ J 
r»asta  de  madera,  importante  articulo  de  exportacion  de  buecia. 
SnelPaWdeMaSninari^  de^ vapor,  sueca, 

de  invencion  reciente,  que  llama  mucho  la  ^encion 

LainvitaciondelPresidente  Harrison  a  los  Parses  U*  os 
para  aue  enviaran  sus  productos  al  certamen  ka  sido  la  urn 
nue  acento  el  Gobierno  holandes  en  muchos  anos.  hi  arte  no 
ffifaS*  dlgnamente  ropresentado,  as;  como  f-™ 
dustrias.  En  la  Biblioteea  Iiiternaeional  de  benoras  naj  eua 
renta  olras  de  eseriteras  holandesas  Ta mb,en  se  ™-an  en  e 
certamen  mformes  en  holandes,  tradacidos  al  ingles  s obre  e 

sterdam,  a  lo  que  hay  que  agregar  las memorias  de  5.  soeiecia 
des  de  beneficencia. 


122 


Library.  Reports  in  the  native  text  with  English  translations 
concerning  the  part  taken  by  the  women  of  Holland  in  music, 
the  stage,  public  instruction,  philanthropy,  foreign  aud  home 
missions,  literature,  etc,  bound  in  several  portfolios  by  the 
girls  of  the  Amsterdam  Industrial  School,  may  be  found  at  the 
Fair.  The  reports  of  about  52  benevolent  societies  are  also  on 
exhibition. 

One  in  ore  suggestion  to  the  visitor  :  do  not  fail  to  stop  an 
Niagara  Falls  while  on  your  way  back  to  New  York.  It  is  the 
pride  of  America.  It  is  a  colossal  revelation  of  the  immensity  of 
Nature.  The  word  Niagara  in  the  Indiau  dialect  means  the 
"thunder  of  water"  and  adequately  represents  the  stupendous 
roar  of  the  vast  torrent  of  water  that  rushes  into  the  chasm 
between  the  New  York  and  Canadian  sides  of  the  Niagara  river. 
This  great  watercourse  which  earries  the  overflow  from  lake 
Erie,  northward  into  lake  Ontario,  is  only  30  miles  in  length,  but 
in  that  short  distance  luis  a  descent  of  334  feet.  The  river  flows 
about  Grand  Island  which  is  12  miles  long  and  from  2  to  7  miles 
broad.  At  the  foot  of  the  Island  and  at  a  distance  of  \V2  miles 
from  the  Falls  the  river  is  only  2%  miles  wide.  Owing  to  the 
narrowing  of  the  channel  and  to  a  fall  in  its  course  of  no  less 
than  60  feet  to  the  mile  swift  currents  called  Rapids  are  produced, 
in  which  the  river  ror-withstanding  its  depth  is  white  with  foam. 
At  the  falls,  22  miles  Jrom  lake  Erie,  the  river  is  divided  by 


Tocanos  ahora  hacer  nna  nueva  indicaci6n  a  los  viajeros  : 
al  regresar  a  Nueva  York  no  dejen  de  visitar  las  cataratas  del 
Niagara,  orgulio  de  America  y  revelacion  colosal  de  la  inmensi- 
dad  de  la  Naturaleza.  La  voz  "Niagara"  significa  en  dialecto 
indio  "true no  de  agua"  y  explica  perfectamente  el  bramido  es- 
tupendo  que  produce  el  inmenso  torrente  al  despeiiarse  en  el 
abismo  entre  las  margenes  del  rio  Niagara  correspondientes 
respectivamente  al  Estado  de  Nueva  York  y  al  Canada.  Este 
candaloso  rio  que  arrastra  al  Norte  las  aguas  que  rebasan  del 
lago  Erie,  llevandolas  al  Ontario,  solo  tiene  36  millas  de  lar- 
go, pero  en  esta  distancia  relativamente  corta  tiene  un  descen- 
so  de  334  pies.  El  rio  se  desliza  alrededor  de  la  isla  Grand  que 
tiene  12  millas  de  largo  y  de  2  a  7  de  ancho.  A  la  extremidad 
de  la  isla  y  a  la  distancia  de  nna  y  media  millas  do  las  cataratas 
el  iio  mide  solo  2  1^2  millas  de  ancho.  Este  estrechamento  y  el 
descenso  del  alveo  no  menor  de  60  pi6s  por  milla,  engendran 
poderosas  corrientes,  que  se  Hainan  "los  rapidos",  en  quo  el  rio 
a  pesar  de  su  profundidad  esta  bianco  de  espuma.  En  las  ca- 
taratas, a  22  millas  del  lago  Erie,  el  rio  esta  dividido  por  la  Isla 
de  la  Cabra,  que  mide  75  aeres  y  esta  muy  hermosamente 
arreglada  para  solaz  de  los  visitantes.  La  catarata  mayor,  si- 
tuada  en  el  lado  del  Canada,  tiene  el  nombre  de  "Herradu- 
ra  f  Horseshoed,  y  mide  unos  1800  pi6s  de  ancho  por  154  de  al- 
tur  .    El  agua  es  tan  profunda  al  llegar  al  borde  y  despeiiarse, 


123 


Goat  Island,  containing  75  acres,  which  has  been  tastefully  laid 
out  for  the  convenience  of  travellers.  The  greater  fall  on  the  Can- 
adian side  is  called  the  "Horseshoe".  This  is  about  1,800  feet  m 
breadth  and  154  feet  high.  The  water  is  so  deep,  as  it  pours 
over  the  ledge,  that  it  retains  its  green  color  for  a  considerable 
distance.  The  force  of  the  falling  water  causes  it  to  rebound 
from  the  rock  bottom  of  the  gorge  for  fully  tO  feet,  and  a  cloud 
of  white  spray  is  constantlv  rising.  The  American  Fall  is  about 
165  feet  high  but  only  660  yards  wide.  The  finest  view  of 
the  troubled  waters  may  be  obtained  from  the  Table  rock  on  the 
Canadian  side.  A  small  tower  approached  from  Goat  Island  and 
standing  over  the  brow  of  the  Horseshoe  affords  the  best  view 
from  Uncle  Sam's  territory.  . 

Excellent  hotels  on  both  sides  of  the  river  offer  accom- 
modations. The  visitor  to  "the  Falls"  will  do  well  to  avoid 
the  hackmen  whose  reputation  is  somewhat  piratical.  J  he  b^st 
plan  is  to  walk  straight  to  a  hotel  and  request  its  proprietor  to 
send  after  one's  baggage.  About  3  miles  below  the  falls  a 
stratum  of  rock  running  at  right  angles  to  the  course  of  the 
furious  current  forms  gigantic  whirlpools.  The  famous  railway 
Susnension  Bridge,  containing  a  road  beneath  for  carriages  and 
foot  passengers,  crosses  the  river  1^  miles  above  the  whirlpool. 
This  structure  is  800  feet  long,  40  feet  wide  and  2U0  feet  above 
the  surface  of  the  river. 


que  conserva  su  color  vtrde  en  una  distancia  considerable  La 
luerza  de  la  caida  hace  rebotar  el  agua  de  las  rocas  del  fondo 
unos  cincuenta  pies,  levantandose  constantemente  una  columna 
de  a^ua  meuudisima.  La  catarata  Americana  tiene  165  pies  de 
alto  por  solo  6G0  yardas  de  ancho.  El  mejor  lugar  para  yer  las 
Lruua  alborotadas  es  la  meseta  de  roca  situada  en  t-1  lado  del 
Canada  El  lugar  mas  conveniente  en  el  de  los  Estados  Lnidos, 
es  una  pequeua  torre  que  se  alza  en  la  "Isla  de  la  Cabra'  sobre 
el  borde  de  la  herradui  a.  ,  .  . 

Hay  hoteles  excelentes  a  ambos  lados  del  no.  LI  viajero 
debe  precaverse  conira  los  cocher-s  que  tienen  fama  de  piratas 
y  lo  mejor  que  puede  hacerse  es  dirigirse  a  pie  al  hotel  y  pedir 
a  su  propietario  que  mande  a  buscar  el  squipaje. 

A  unas  tres  millas  mas  abajo  de  las  cataratas  unas  rocas 
que  forman  augulo  recto  con  la  furiosa  corriente,  dan  origen  a 
gicrantes^os  remolinos.  A  milla  y  media  de  estos  cruza  el  no 
effamoso  puente  colgante,  que  tiene  en  su  parte  inferior  una 
via  para  carruajes  y  personas  a  pie.  Mide  8U0  pies  de  largo, 
40  de  ancho  y  se  alza  200  pies  sobre  la  superficie  del  agna. 

Interest  tal  vez  a  quieu  posea  este  hbnto  conocer  el  va- 
lor que  tienen  en  dinero  de  los  Estados  Unidos  las  sigmentes 
monedas  :  peso  argentino,  oro  y  plata  $  0.9o5;  franco  belga,  oro  v 
plata,  $0,193;  boliviano,  plat  a,  $  0,698  ;  milreis  brasileno, 
oro,  $0,546,  peso  centro  americano,  p'ata,  $0,698;  peso  chile- 


125 


The  possesor  of  this  little  volume  may  find  it  interesting  to 
note  the  value  in  U.  S.  money  of  the  following  coins:  Peso,  Ar- 
gentine Republic,  gold  and  silver  (0.985;  Franc  Belg mm,  gold 
and  silver  $0,193;  Boliviano,  Bolivia,  silver  $0,698;  Milreis  Bra- 
zil ffold  $0,546;  Peso,  Central  American  States,  silver,  $0.b98; 
Peso  Chile,  gold  and  silver,  $0,912;  Peso,  Cuba,  gold  and  silver, 
$0  9*6  •  Sucre,  Ecuador,  silver  $0.698 ;  Franc,  France,  gold  and 
silver  $0  193;  Mark,  German  Empire,  gold,  $0,238;  Sovereing, 
Great  Britain,  $4-867  ■  Gourde,  Hayti,  gold  and  silver,  $0,965; 
Lira,  Italy,  gold  and  silver,  $0,193;  Dollar,  Mexico,  silver,  $0.7o8; 
Florin,  Netherlands,  gold  and  silver,  $0,402;  Sol,  Peru,  silver, 
$0,698;  Milreis,  Portugal,  gold,  $1.08;  Rouble,  Russia,  silver 
$0,558;  Peseta,  Spain,  gold  and  silver,  $0,193;  Peso,  U.  S.  ot 
Colombia,  silver,  $0,698;  Bolivar,  Venezuela,  silver,  $0.14. 

According  to  the  latest  statistics,  New  York  State's  citizens 
to  the  number  of  1.516,289,  had  close  on  600  millions  dollars  laid 
up  in  savings  banks.  In  Connecticut,  the  land  of  steady  habits, 
317,925  depositors  had  about  125  millions  of  dollars,  in  safe  keep- 
ing and  1,131,203  persons  in  Massachusetts,  the  odd  Bay  State, 
had  nearly  400  millions  dollars  likewise  laid  away.  _ 

The  amount  of  money  held  by  the  National  Treasury  is  6o4 
millions  gold  stock  and  575  millions  silver  stock,  per  capita  9.4o 
There  are  3,701  National  Banks  with  a  capital  of  about  68U 
millions  of  dollars,  ratio  of  dividends  to  capital  7.42. 


no,  oro  y  plata,  $0.9 12;  peso  de  Cuba,  oro  y  plata,  $0,968;  franco 
frances,  oro  y  plata,  $0,193;  marco  aleman,  oro,  $0,238;  soberano 
ingles,  *  4.867;  gourd*  haitiano,  oro  y  plata,  $0,96:3;  lira  italiana, 
oro  y  plata,  $0,193;  peso mexicano,  plata,  $0,758;  florin  holandes, 
oro  y  plata,  $0,402;  sol  peruano,  plata,  $0,698;  milreis  portugu6s, 
oro,  $1.08;  rublo  ruso,  plata,  $0,558;  peseta  espahola,  oro  y  pla- 
ta, $0,193;  peso  colombiano,  plata,  $0  698;  bolivar  venezolano, 
plata,  $0,14.  - 

Segun  la  ultima  estadistica  1.516.289  ciudadanos  del  Estado 
de  Naeva  York,  tenian  depositados  en  las  cajas  de  ahorros  cer- 
ca  de  600  mi  lones  de  pesos.  En  Connecticut,  317.92-j  ciudada- 
nos tenian  unos  123  millones  de  pesos  guardados  de  esta  suerte, 
y  en  Massachusetts  1.131,203  personas  habian  puesto  en  dichas 
institucioues  cerca  de  400  millones  de  pesos. 

El  Tesoro  nacional  tiene  654  millones  en  oro  y  57o  en  pla- 
ta, lo  que  da  una  proporcion  de  9.45  per  capita. 

Existen  3.701  Bancos  nacionales  con  uu  capital  aproximado 
de  680  millones  de  pesos,  siendo  la  proporcion  de  los  dividen- 
dos  al  capital  de  7.42  . 

El  con  sumo  medio  de  maderas  en  el  pais  es  de  20.000  millo- 
nes de  pies  cubicos.  ... 

La  produccion  de  minerales  metaliferos  pasa  de  300  millo- 
nes de  pesos  y  de  350  millones  la  de  los  minerales  no  me- 
talicos. 


120 


20,000  millions  of  cubic  feet  of  lumber  is  the  average  annual 
consumption  of  the  country. 

The  value  of  the  average  annual  production  of  metallic  mi- 
nerals exceeds  300  millions  of  dollars  and  non  metallic  over  350 
millions. 

The  Manufactures  in  the  United  States  average  annually 
in  value  over  7,U00  million  dollars. 

In  181)2  the  total  length  of  railway  tracks  in  the  United 
States  was  214.529  miles  upon  which  1.140,737  cars  were  run. 
The  total  liabilities  of  the  companies  controlling  these  roads  ex- 
ceed 10,000  millions  of  dollars;  the  total  assets  reach  11,000 
millions  of  dollars;  passengers  carried  557  millions;  freight 
moved  about  705  million  tons  ;  net  earnings,  passengers,  freight 
and  miscelaneous  about  1,200  millions  of  dollars. 

The  principal  wars  of  the  U.  S.  were  :  Revolutionary,  with 
Great  Britain,  April  19,  1775  to  April  11,  1783,  American  troops 
employed  309,781;  War  of  1812,  with  Great  Britain,  June  18, 
1812  to  February  17,  1815;  troops  576,022;  Mexican,  April  24, 
1846  to  July  4,  1848,  troops  112,230  ;  Civil,  1861  to  1865,  U.  S. 
troops,  2.772,408;  Confederate  troops,  about  600,000. 

The  population  of  the  British  Empire  is  378.946,973  ;  China, 
303.241,960;  Russian  Empire,  108.787,244;  France  and  Colonies, 
59.666,967;  United  States,  62,622,250;  Germany,  49  421,064; 
Spain  and  Colonies,  28.911,609  ;  Austria-Hungary,  41.827,700. 


Las  manufacturas  de  los  Estados  Unidos  dan  un  valor  me- 
dio anual  de  7.000  millones  de  pesos. 

En  1892  la  longitud  total  de  los  ferrocariles  en  los  Estados 
Unidos  era  de  214,529  millas:  en  ellos  corrian  1.140,737  vagones. 
El  pasivo  total  de  las  compahias  duenas  de  estas  vias  alcanza- 
ba  a  10.000  millones  de  pesos,  y  el  activo  a  11,000  millones;  la 
carga  couducida  fue  705  millones  de  toneladas  y  las  utilidades 
liquidas  por  trasporte  de  pasajeros,  mercaderias,  etc.  ,  unos 
12.000  millones  de  pesos. 

Las  guerras  principales  ocurridas  en  los  Estados  Unidos 
han  sido  las  siguientes  :  la  de  emancipacion  do  Inglaterra, 
desde  el  19  do  Abril  de  1775  al  11  de  Abril  de  1783  ;  en  ella  to- 
maron  parte  309,781  hombres  de  tropa  norteamericana.  La 
guerra  de  1812,  tambien  contra  la  Gran  Bretana,  que  dur6  desde 
el  18  deJunio  de  1812  al  17  de  Febrero  de  1815;  numero  de 
hombres,  576,622.  La  sostenida  contra  Mexico,  desde  el  24  de 
Abril  de  1846  al  4  de  Julio  de  1848  ;  tropas,  112,230  hombres. 
La  civil  entre  el  Norte  y  el  Sur,  desde  1861  a  1865,  tomando 
parte  2.772.458  hombres  por  los  Estados  Unidos  del  Xorte  y  unos 
600,000  por  los  confederados  del  Sur. 

La  poblacion  del  Impeiio  Britanico  es  de  378,946.973  ;  la  de 
China,  303,241,960:  Rusia,  108,787,244  ;  Francia  v  sus  colo- 
nias,   59,666,967;  Estados  Unidos,  62,621,250;  Alemania,  49, 


128 


The  population  of  New  York  City  is  about  1.710,700  ;  Chica- 
go, 1.428,300;  Philadelphia,  1.04c,950;  Brooklyn,  853,940;  Saint 
Louis,  451,770  ;  Boston,  448,490. 

Distances  from  Chicago  via  rail  to  New  York  and  New  Or- 
leans about  910  miles  and  to  San  Francisco,  Cal.  and  Veracruz, 
Mexico,  a  little  over  2,400  miles. 

There  is  scarcely  a  limit  to  the  many  important  subjects  of 
interest  that  deserve  the  attention  of  the  visitor  to  this  country, 
but  in  this,. as  in  everything  else,  the  eud  has  been  reached,  and 
laying  aside  a  willing  pen  we  wish  our  visitors  happy  recollec- 
tions of  their  visit  and  bun  voyage. 


421,064  ;  Espaha  v  sus  posesiones,  28,911,009;  Austria-IIungria, 
41,827,700. 

La  ciudad  de  Nueva  York  cuenta  1.710,700  habitantes ; 
Chicago,  1.428,300;  Filadelfia,  1.046,950;  Brooklyn,  853.940; 
San  Luis,  451.770  ;  Boston,  448,490. 

La  distancia  de  Chicago  por  ferrocarril  a  Nueva  York  y 
Nueva  Orleans  es  de  unas  910  millas,  y  a  San  Francisco  de  Ca- 
lifornia y  Veracruz,  poco  mas  de  2.400  millas. 

Son  casi  innumerables  los  asuntos  importantes  y  de  interes 
que  merecen  fijar  la  ateneion  de  quien  visite  este  pais,  pero 
fuerza  nos  es  hacer  punto  final,  ya  que  todas  las  cosas  han  de 
tener  su  termino,  y  al  soltar  la  obediente  pluma,  saludamos  a 
nuestros  visitanr.es  deseandoles  felices  recuerdos  de  su  estancia 
en  los  Estados  Unidos,  y  un  buen  viaje. 


Among  me  ninny  Monuments  to  American  pluck  and  en- 
terprise which  Avill  l>e  viewed  with  interest  by  visitors  to  this 
city  during  the  World's  Fair,  is  the  great  hat  factory  of 
Knox,  the  Hatter,  whose  name  is  the  symbol  for  elegance  in 
headgear  all  over  the  world. 

The  question  Avas  once  asked  by  a  querulous  individual  : 
"Who  reads  an  American  book?"  Whatever  may  have 
been  the  condition  of  our  literature  fifty  years  ago,  it  is  safe 
to  say  that  "o  man  in  the  possession  of  his  sense  ever  asked  : 
1 '  Who  wears  an  American  hat "  From  the  ancient  bell- 
crowned  wooly  felt  head  covering  down  to  the  modem  hand- 
same  shiny  silk  hat,  none  but  Americans  have  guarded  this 
industry.  The  factory  where  Knox's  hats  are  made  stands  at 
Grand  and  St.  Marks  Avenues,  Brooklyn,  and  has  a  frontage 
of  275  feet  on  the  latter  avenue  and  115  feet  on  the  former. 
There  is  another  building  in  the  rear  125  feet  by  30  feet.  The 
main  structure  which  contains  four  stories  and  a  basement  is 
surmounted  by  a  clock  tower  150  feet  high.  The  visitor  to 
Brooklyn  who  drives  by  night,  may  time  his  horses  by  the 
thousand-dollar  clock  and  may  know  that  his  journey  is  at  an 
end  by  noticing  the  legend  :     Knox,  the  Hatter,"  in  blazing 


FABRICA  DE  KNOX. 

Entre  los  numerosos  monumentos  que  atestiguan  la  ini- 
ciativa  y  el  espiritu  de  empresa  norteamericanos  y  que  seran 
contemplados  con  interes  por  las  person  as  que  visiten  esta 
ciudad  durante  la  Exposicion  Internacional,  debe  contarsi 
la  gran  fabrica  ele  Knox,  llamado  por  antonomasia  "El  Som- 
brerero  ",  cuyo  nombre  es  en  todo  el  mundo  simbolo  de  ele- 
gancia  en  esta  parte  de  la  indumentaria  masculina; 

En  cierta  ocasion  pregunto  un  desdenoso:  ^Quien  lee  un 
libro  americano?"  Cualquiera  que  haya  sido  el  estado  de  Ja 
literatura  en  este  pais  hace  medio  siglo,  para  justiticar  ta! 
pregunta,  puede  asegurarse  que  ninguna  persona  en  su  cabal 
juicio  ha  preguntado  nunca:  ''^Quie'n  usa  un  sombrero  ame- 
ricano?'' Desde  el  antiguo  de  acampanada  eopa,  y  de  espon- 
joso  fieltro,  hasta  el  hermoso  sombrero  moderno  de  lustrosa 
copa,  nadie  ha  sabido  conservar  esta  industria  ti  mayor  altura 
que  los  norteamericanos. 

Los  taller.es  en  que  se  fabrican  los  sombreros  de  Knox 
estan  situados  en  la  esquina  de  las  Avenidas  Grand  y  Saint 
Mark,  Brooklyn,  teniendo  el  ediricio  una  fachada  de  275  pies 
que  da  a  la  ultima  Avenida  y  otra  de  115  pies  por  el  lado  de 
la  primera.  Al  fondo  hay  otro  ediricio  que  ocupa  una  super- 
flcie  de  125  pies  por  30.  El  principal,  de  cuatro  pisos  y  planta 
baja,  esta  coronado  por  una  torre  de  150  pies  de  elevaci6n, 
en  la  que  hay  un  reloj  que  ha  costado  mil  duros.  Las  perso- 
nas  que  pasen  por  la  Avenida  podran  regular  por  el  sus  cro- 


131 

letters  beneath  the  brilliant  time  piece.  Before  him  stands 
the  largest  and  most  complete  "  tile  foundry"  in  the  world, 
with  its  buff  brick  walls,  red  stone  trimmings  and  rock-faced 
finish.  Upon  entering  the  establishment  he  will  be  shown 
the  handsome  offices,  100  feet  by  40  feet,  finished  in  quartered 
oak,  paneled  and  polished,  with  electric  fire  alarms  and  au- 
tomatic sprinklers  to  cover  every  square  foot  of  the  building 
in  case  of  fire.  "Watchmen  are  seen  patrolling  the  building 
controlled  by  appliances  that  tell  the  history  of  their  efficiency 
with  clocklike  regularity.  A  well  equipped  printing  depart- 
ment attracts  the  visitor's  attention.  Everything  about  the 
manufactory  is  of  the  most  durable,  beautiful  and  modern 
style,  from  the  fire-proof  vaults  for  storing  costly  material  to 
the  350  horse  power  machinery. 

Those  callers  at  the  factory  who  are  anxious  to  see  how 
silk  hats  are  made  are  placed  in  charge  of  the  manager  who, 
while  showing  them  the  wonders  of  the  establishment  will 
talk  in  this  manner  : 

"The  basic  structure  of  the  'high' or  silk  hat  is  good 
American  muslin  which  is  laid  over  a  block  and  varnished 
down  with  India  shellace.    This  foundation  then  passes  the 


nometros,  y  si  van  a  visitar  la  fabrica  al  leer  el  letrero 
Knox  the  Hatter  puesto  debajo  del  magnifico  reloj  en  letras 
por  la  noche  luminosas,  sabran  que  ha  llegado  al  termino 
de  su  viaje.  Ante  sus  ojos  veran  alzarse  la  mayor  y  mas 
completa  fabrica  de  sombreros  que  existe  en  el  mundo,  en 
sus  muros  de  ladrillos  color  de  ante  con  adornos  de  piedra 
rojiza  y  de  superficie  rugosa. 

Una  vez  en  el  interior  del  establecimiento  se  les  ensenaran 
las  elegantes  oficinas,  de  100  pies  de  largo  por  40  de  ancho, 
con  ensambladuras  de  roble  pulido,  aparatos  electricos  para 
alar  ma  de  incendioy  chorros  automaticos  que  inundariantoda 
la  superficie  del  edificio  en  caso  de  fuego.  Recorren  y  guar- 
dan  la  fabrica  vigilantes'portadores  de  aparatos  que  indican 
con  la  regularidad  de  un  reloj  con  que'  exactitud  cumplen 
sus  deberes.  El  depart amento  de  impresiones,  perfectamente 
surtido,  cautiva  la  atenci6n  de  los  visitantes.  Cuanto  hay 
en  la  fabrica  es  de  lo  mas  moderno,  hermoso  y  duradero, 
desde  las  bovedas  a  prueba  de  fuego  para  almacenaje  de  ma- 
teriales  costosos,  hasta  las  maquinas  con  una  fuerza  de  350 
caball' s. 

A  los  que  deseen  ver  como  se  fabrican  los  sombreros  de 
copa,  se  les  encomienda  al  cuidado  del  administrador,  quien 
al  mostrarle  las  maravillas  que  encierra  el  establecimiento  les 
hablara  en  los  siguientes  terminos: 

La  estructura  fundamental  6  esqueleto  de  un  sombrero 


132 


hands  into  the  anishine  room  where  the  silk  plush  18  placed 
on  it  and  stuck  fast  with  heated  irons.  From  there  the  em- 
bryo head  covering  is  sent  to  the  curling. room  where  the 
fashionable  curl  on  the  side  of  the  brim  is  run  in,  thence 
to  another  room  where  it  is  trimmed.  The  workmen  ra 
artists  in  their  trade  and  earn  high  wages.  All  our  hats 
afe  hand-made,  as  only  snch  goods  will  .stand  the  wear ^and 
tear  of  every  day  use.  Hat  making  requires  men  with  brains 
and  artistic  eyes  and  hands.  Many  try  to  learn  the  trade 
and  fail.  Our  reason  why  Knox's  hats  are  the  best  in  tlie 
world  is  because  we  use  the  very  finest  plush  that  is  manu- 

faThe  derby  hat  which  is  so  popular  among  business  men 
in  this  country  is  made  of  Saxony  fur,  *^ft^£!*5d 
These  furs  are  all  costly,  selling  at  from  $3  to  $8  a  1  mL 
They  are  first  blown  through  sectional  blowers  to  move 
the  hair  from  the  fur.  The  difierent  lands  ot  fur  arc then 
mixed  thoroughly.  The  composition  is  then  sent  to  the 
foxing  mill  where  a  certain  portion  for  each  hat  is  placed 
on  the  machines  which  make  5,500  revolutions  a  mini  te  Ihe 
fnr  is  thus  drawn  onto  copper  cones  three  feet  higli.  Alter 


de  copa  se  hace  en  buena  muselma  americana,  £p*"*"*fe 
sobre  una  horma  humedecida  con  goma  laca.  Este  esqueleto 
Pasaluegodotrodepartamento,  dom  e  por  medic »  cle  l»lan- 
chascaldeadasselecolocayhace  adherirse  fueitemeiite  la 
sedosa  felpa.  El  sombrero  en  embrion  se  manda  luego  4 
otra  sala  en  la  que  se  le  da  al  ala  la  inclinacu5n  y  curvas jme 
requieralamoda,Pasandofinalmente  al  lugar  donde  se  le 
rTonen  forro  y  cintss.  Todos  los  obreros  que  &  estas  dife- 
?entes  faenas^e  dedican  sonartistas  en  suoeioygi 
crecidosiornales.  Nuestros  sombreros. son,  sin  ex-  epcion 
hechos  amano  pues  solo  asi.  pueden  resist*  los  embates  de 
un  uso  constante.  La  f abricacion  de  Bombreros^exige  per 
sonas  de  talento  y  de  ope  y  manos  de  artista.  Mucnos  liaj 
que  procuran  aprendcr  el  oficio  y  no  lo  consiguen.  V na  de 
las  ra/ones  porque  los  sombreros  de  Knox  son  los  mejoies 
del  muSdo,Pes  porque  usamos  la  felpa  mas  fina  que  se  pro- 

dUC'?El  sombrero  Derby  tan  favorito  de  los  hombres  de  negoj 
cios  de  este  pais,  se  fabrica  de  pelo  fino  de  castor  y  de  nutria 
de  Saionia  Estos  materiales  cuestan  caros  vendiendose  de 
ft3  4  f  iil »  a  8e  empieza  por  eliminar  e  pelo  mas  grueso 
porme\^ 

perfectamente  el  pelo  sedoso  de  los  distintos "^^Tl^Sl 
esta  operacion  preliminar  so  llevan  los  materiales  a  la  paitc 
de ^  fabrica  donde  ha  do  darseles  forma,  empezando  por 


133 


being  taken  from  the  cones  the  portions  -which  are  to  be- 
come the  covering  of  the  derby  nre  thrown  into  vats  of 
boiling  water,  over  which  men  stand  and  felt '  them,  shrink- 
ing them  by  the  process  to  less  than  one-sixth  the  size  that 
they  were  when  on  the  cones  They  are  then  sized  and  taken 
to  the  shaving  department  whore  the  hair  is  taken  off  with 
sharp  knives  which  leaves  a  smooth  surface.  They  are  next 
stiffened  with  a  solution  of  shellac  in  grain  alcohol.  The 
next  step  in  the  important  process  is  a  steam  bath  which 
saturates  every  pore  of  the  solution  with  the  stiffening,  after 
which  they  are  colored  by  the  most  expert  artist  in  this  line 
of  work  in  this  country.  The  drying  process  is  then  care- 
fully performed  at  a  temperature  of  about  170  degrees,  after 
which  the  singess  remove  all  the  snpertlons  hair  from  the 
inside  of  the  hat.  In  the  finishing  department  the  already 
much-treated  object  is  blocked  in  the  desired  shape  and 
ironed  down  by  skilled  men,  the  same  as  silk  hats  are  treated. 
A  large  quantity  of  pure  water  is  required  for  the  work.  TVe 
have  an  artisian  well,  180  feet  deep,  that  throws  8,000  gallons 
an  hour.  It  takes  twenty-five  gallons  of  water  to  make  a 
single  hat.    We  manufacture  more  than  enough  hats  to 


colocar  una  cantidad  proporcional  por  cada  sombrero,  en 
unas  maqninas:  que  dan  5.500  revolucciones  por  minnto, 
haciendo  que  el  pelo  fino[se  extienda  sobre  unos  moldes  c6- 
nicos  de  cobrc,  de  tres  pies  de  altura.  Despues  de  quitar  de 
estos  moldes  los  incipientes  sombreros  se  echan  en  tinajas 
con  agua  hirviendo  donde  se  golpean  6  baten  hasta  dejarlos 
reducidos  &  la  sexta  parte  de  su  tamano  anterior.  Enseguida 
ye  los  calibra,  llevandolos  luego  al  departamento  de  fun- 
dicion,  donde  se  les  ignala  el  pelo  con  cuchillos  muy  afilados. 
Despiu's  se  les  baiia  con  una  solucion  de  goma  laca  en  al- 
cohol, y  se  los  somete  dun  bano  de  vapor  que  hace  que  la 
Folucion  sature  los  poros  comunicando  al  material  dureza  y 
resistencia,  tras  de  lo  cual  se  pasa  adarles  color  por  elartista 
masentendido  que  ha}'eneste  genero  detrabajo.  Para  secarlos 
se  somete  a  una  temperatura  de  170  grados,  procediendo  en 
esta  operacion  con  el  mayor  cuidado,  hecholo  cual  se  re- 
mueve  el  pelo  superfiuo  interior  del  sombrero. 

Para  darles  luego  la  forma 'que  se  desea,  se  les  pone  en 
hormas  sobre  las  cuales  son  planchados  por  obreros  h;lbiles 
id  igual  que  los  sombreros  de  copa. 

"  Como  para  todos  estos  trabajos  se  necesita  j^ran  can- 
tidad de  agua  pura.  tenemos  un  pozo  artesiano  de  130  pies 
de  fondo,  que  lanzaSOOO  galones  porhora.  Para  hacer  un 
solo  sombrero  se  gastan  veinticinco  galones  de  agua. 

"  Fabricainos  urns  sombreros  de  los  que  se  necesitarian 


L84 


cover  the  heads  of  half  the  population  oi  the  United  States. 
We  also  make  an  enormous  quantity  of  straw  goods.  Our 
building  whs  completed  in  181)0  and  was  occupied  on  July  1 
of  that  year.  Business  has  increased  so  rapidly  that  we  al- 
ready need  more  room  than  the.  75,000  square  feet  originally 
set  apart  for  working  purposes.  We  started  in  here  with  two 
blowing  machines.  There  are  at  present  sevent  in  active  use, 
and  no  fewer  than  1,000  hands  are  regularly  employed  here.'' 

By  this  time  the  visitor  will  have  become  some  interested 
in  this  remarkable  manufactory  that  he  will  desire  to  visit 
the  store  at  Broadway  and  Fulton  Street,  in  New  York, 
which  was  established  \vy  Charles  Knox,  in  1840,  the  father 
of  the  present  active  head  of  the  firm,  E.  M.  Knox.  "  The 
Father  of  the  American  Hat,"  as  Mr.  Charles  Knox  is  some- 
time called  by  his  many  friends  and  admires,  is  still  living 
and  enjoying  the  fruits  of  his  early  days  of  arduous  toil. 

The  fame  of  Knox's  hats  has  spread  to  such  an  extent  that 
many  a  young  dandy  in  acountry  displays  village  an  empty  box, 
that  once  contained  a  veritable  hat  of  this  brand,  with  as  much 
pride  as  his  sister  does  a  case  that  once  held  a  gown  fresh  from 
the  hands  of  a  noted  man  dressmaker 1  across  the  water. ' 


para  cubrir  a  la  mitad  de  los  habitantes  de  los  Estados  Uni- 
dos,  sin  contar  que  tambien  sale  de  nuestros  talleres  una  can- 
tidad  enorme  de  sombreros  de  paja.  Nnestro  edificio  qui  do 
terminado  en  1890  y  se  ocup6  ei  1°  de  Julio  de  dicho  afio. 
Los  negocios  han  aumentado  con  tal  rapidez  que  ya  necesi- 
tarnosmas  espacio  que  los  75.000  pies  cuadrados  que  pnmiti- 
vamente  destinamos  a  la  fabrica.  De  dos  aventadores  que 
teniamos  al  empezar,  seha  aumentado  su  numero  hasta  siete 
que  actualmente  estan  en  activo  servicio,  no  bajando  de  mil 
el  numero  de  brazos  empleados  con  regularidad  en  estos 
talleres  ". 

Ya  entonces  el  visitante  se  habra  interesado  tanto  por  es- 
ta  notable  fabrica,  que  deseara  visitar  el  estableciiniento  sito 
en  Broadway  y  calle  de  Fulton,  Nueva  York,  el  que  fue  esta- 
blecido  en  1840  por  Charles  Knox,  padre  del  jefe  actual  de 
la  firma.  "El  Padre  del  Sombrero  Americano,"  como  Hainan 
muchas  veces  a  Mr.  Charles  Knox  sus  numerosos  amigos  y 
admiradores,  vive  todavia  y  esta  gozando  de  los  frutos  del 
arduo  trabajo  de  sus  primeros  anos. 

La  fama  de  los  sombreros  de  Knox  se  ha  extendido  por 
manera  tal,  que  mas  de  un  joven  elegante  de  las  poblaciones 
rurales  exhibe  una  sombrerera  vacia,  que  en  otro  tiempo 
contuvo  un  verdadero  sombrero  de  esta  marca,  con  tanto 
or<nillo  como  su  hermana  enseiiaria  una  caja  que  encerrara 


L86 


All  races  of  men,  civilized  and  scmi-rivilized,  wear  some 
kind  of  a  covering  on  their  heads.    This  is  also  true j  of 
many  savages  races.    During  the  voyages  across  the  Western 
plains  fco  California  in  the  "early  forties,"  traders  were 
obliged  to  strike  the  flags  of  their  "  prane  schooners  to 
piratical  hands  of  Sioux,  Apache  and  other  bands  of  ab- 
origines, whose  leaders  were  generally  thrown  into  most 
ecstatic  iov  whenever  they  could  rind  tall  silk  hats  to  adorn 
their  sinister  faces.    Missionaries  captured  by  cannibals  in 
foreign  lands  have  often  depicted  the  antics  of  the  naked 
savages    strutting  about   attired  only   in    an  American 
"beaver  "   The  truth  is  that  all  intelligent  beings  wear  hats 
and  that  wherever  the  hat  reigns ;  supreme ,  as  m  tins 
country,  you  will  find  a  highly  organized  social  and  political 
system     The  poor  broken  down  tramp  who  seeks  his  ten 
cent  lodgings  at  night  often  goes  to  bed  hungry  rather^ than 
part  with  his  old  shiny  frock  coat  and  battered  silk  hat 
which  recalld  his  once  prosperous  day  s    For  some  reason  toll 
hats  in  both  silk,  plush  and  gray  felt  have    ecome  the  um- 
form  head  covering  of  politicians  particularly  during  Presi- 
dential contests.    It  has  been  thought  by  some  that  the 


un  vestido  nuevo  acabado  de  salir  de  manos  de  un  acreditado 
modisto  "del  otro  lado  del  Oceano".  . 

Todaslas  razas  humanas,  asi  las  civilizadas  como  las  a 
medio  civilizar,  lie  van  algo  que  cubra  sus  cabezas,  lo  (pie 
Smb^n  hacen'muchas  razas  salvajes.  Durante  bs  viajes  a 
California  a  travCs  de  las  llanuras  occidentals  alia  poi  los 
afios  de  cuarenta,  los  comerciantes  se  vieron  amenndo  obliga- 
dosarendirlasbanderas  de  sus  ''grandes  S^ero,ne^  *u*e 
las  partidas  de  Siouxs,  Apaches  v  otrasbandas  ^rafero* 
cuvos  iefes  caian  en  extasis  de  alegria  cuando  podian  encon 
tear  im  sombrero  alto  con  que  adornar  sus  siniestias  cabezas. 
SoneroTcapturados  por  antropof agos .  en  herras M 
han  descrito  muchas  veces  las  contorsiones  de  jubilo  de  los 
salvajes  que  se  eohtoneaban  desnudos  sin  oka  pre  a 
vestir  que  una  "chistera"  amencana.  La  verdad ^  es ,  qn| 
todos  los  seres  inteligentes  usan  sombreros,  J*™*0™* 
auiera  que  el  reina  como  soberano,  como  acontece  en  est* 
pai'sTse  encontrara  un  sistema  politico  y  social  perfectamente 

^Efpobrevagabundoqueanda  buscando  un  albergue  de 
10  centovo  i donde  pasar  la  noche,  prefiere  irse  a  la  cama  con 
hamb^  Tpasarse  sin  su  vieja-y  lustrosa  leyita  ysues^  o- 
peado  sombrero  que  le  recnercfan  sus  f£o£  JJggJ^ 
Por  alffO  los  sombreros  de  copase  han  hecho  la  cubieita  uni 
Lrme  de  la  cabeza  de  los  politico*,  particularmente  en  epo- 


137 


towering  hat  best  shows  the  wearers  ambition.  Be  that  as 
it  may;  politicians  never  seem  to  be  at  ease  without  a  Knox 
hat,  which  is  usually  worn  cocked  at  an  angel  from  the  con- 
templative style  on  the  back  of  the  head,  assumed  by  a  promi- 
nent young  New  York  politician,  to  the  secretive  pulled-over- 
the-eyes  fashion  affected  by  other  leaders  Ever  since  New 
York  has  paid  so  much  attention  to  the  so-call  French  balls, 
the  acrobatic  young  women  who  do  so  much  to  render  these 
affairs  enjoyable,  following  the  law  of  natural  selection,  have 
at  such  times  invariably  chosen  mates  attired  in  black  silk 
hats.  And  although  there  is  nothing  that  amuses  the^e  care- 
less creatures  more  than  to  use  these  dignified  specimens  of 
men's  attire  for  foot  balls  or  champagne  coolers,  they  are 
generally  forgiven  several  times  during  each  evening  by 
their  admirers. 

On  Easter  Sunday  morning  when  Fifth  Avenue  is  one 
moving  pajeant  of  beauty  and  fashion,  every  man  worthy 
of  the  name,  assums  his  new  silk  hat  with  a  grace  that  in- 
creases with  his  years.  Every  hamlet  in  the  remote  parts  of 
this  country  has  its  '  squire '  who  still  goes  about  in  his 


ca  de  elecciones  presidenciales,  y  aun  se  ha  pensado  por  al- 
gunos  que  la  chistera  elevada  como  una  torre  demuestra  me- 
jor  la  ambicion  del  que  la  lleva.  Sea  de  esto  lo  que  quiera, 
parece  que  los  politicos  nunca  se  hallan  a  sus  anchas  sin  un 
sombrero  de  Knox,  que  generalmente  llevan  inclinado  £  un 
lado,  ora  echado  hacia  atras  en  el  estilo  contemplativo  adop- 
tado  por  un  prominente  joven  politico  deNuevaYork,  ora 
descansando  sobre  la  f rente  en  el  estilo  meditativo  preferido 
por  otros  jefes.  Desde  que  Nueva  York  ha  concedido.  tanta 
atencion  si  los  llamados  bailes  franceses,  la  acrobatica  joven 
que  trabaja  cuanto  puede  por  medios  agradables,  siguiendo 
la  ley  de  la  seleccion  natural  escoge  invariablemente  para 
estas  ocasiones,  acompanantes  cubiertos  con  sombrero  negro 
de  copa.  Y  annque  nada  hay  que  regocije  mas  a  estas  frivo- 
las  criaturas  que  hacen  servir  esta  dignisima  prenda  varonil 
para  darle  con  la  punta  del  pie  6  para  refrigerar  champagne, 
sus  admiradores  las  perdonan  generalmente  muchas  veces 
durante  la  noche. 

El  domingo  de  Pascua  por  la  mafiana,  dfa  en  que  la  5.a 
Avenida  es  una  movible  exhibici6n  de  belleza  y  elegancia, 
todo  hombre  digno  de  la  calificacion  de  tal  luce,  su  sombrero 
nuevo  de  copa  con  una  gracia  que  aumenta  con  sus  anos.  To- 
dos  los  caserios,  aun  en  los  puntos  mas  remotos  de  este  pafs, 
ienen  su ''Squire"  que  siempre  lleva  su  flamante  terno  de 


138 


broadcloth  suit  and  beaver  hat  purchased  when  in  the  city 
years  ago. 

It  will  be  remembered  by  many  that  when  Barnum's 
"Museum  was  burned  on  the  site  now  occupied  by  the  Herald 
building  tilt1;  Knox  hat  plant  was  also  destroyed.  By  a  singu- 
lar coincidence  Barnum  afterward  transformed  his  museum 
enterprise  into  the  greatest  show  on  earth,  and  the  Knox  hat 
business  rising  Phoenix-like  from  the  ashes  of  the  old  build- 
ing at  Broadway  and  Fulton  Street,  became  the  most  mam- 
moth concern  of  its  kind  in  the  universe.  Dignity  has  its 
grades,  of  course,  but  courage  is  courage  everywhere.  The 
mention  of  the  great  circus  and  the  more  dignified  and  stately 
hat  business  in  the  same  connection  is  legitimate  because 
each  is  unique  and  unapproachable.  Besides  the  old  stand, 
the  .firm  has  an  attractive  store  under  the  Fifth  Avenue  Hotel 
and  a  branch  in  Fulton  Street,  Brooklyn,  near  the  City  Hall, 
It  flings  its  banner  boldly  to  the  breeze  in  the  Palmer  House 
block  in  State  Street,  Chicago,  and  its  wares  are  found  all 
over  this  broad  land  in  the  houses  of  the  leading  hatters  in 
every  city  and  town. 


pano  y  su  chistera  comprada  cuando  estuvo  en  la  ciudad  alg  li- 
nos anos  antes. 

Muchos  recordaran  que  cuando  el  museo  de  Barnum.  que 
hoy  ocupa  el  Herald,  se  quemo,  tambien  fue  victima  de  las 
llamas  la  sombrereria  de  Knox.  Por  una  singular  coinciden- 
cia,  Barnum  transformo  desput's  su  museo  en  la  greatest 
show  on  earth,  y  la  sombrereria  de  Knox,  renaciendo  como 
el  fenix  de  las  cenizas  del  antiguo  edifk.io  de  Broadway  y 
Fulton  Street,  se  hizo  la  mas  gigantesca  empresa  de  su  clase 
en  el  universo.  La  dignidad  tiene,  por  supuesto,  sus  grada- 
ciones.  pero  el  valor  es  valor  en  todas  partes.  El  mencionar 
unidos  el  gran  circo  y  el  magmfico  establecimiento  de  som- 
breros esta  justificado,  porque  ambos  son  unieos  en  su  espe- 
cie,  y  no  es  posible  ni  aproximarse  a  igualar  a  ninguno  de 
ellos.  Ademas  del  antiguo  establecimiento,  la  casa  tiene 
otro  hermoso  enlosbajosdel  hotel  de  la  Quinta  Aveniday 
una  sucursal  en  Brookiyn,  en  Fulton  Street,  cerca  del  City 
Hall.  Su  bandera  flota  orgulloea  y  gallardamente  en  la 
manzana  de  Palmer  House,  en  State  Street,  Chicago,  y  sus 
efectos  se  encuentran  esparcidos  en  toda  la  extensi6n  de  este 
vasto  territorio  en  las  principles  sombrererias  de  todas  las 
ciudades  y  poblacioues. 


M.  A.  RICE&CO. 

610  Nicollet  Avenue 
Minneapolis. 

AUTHORIZED  AGENTS 
FOR  THE  SALE 
OF 


JSfEWYORK. 

KnoX'  World 

Renowned  Hats. 


£ST7\BLISrt&i>  1861, 


13™fcW9dr>  5rs. 


PHOTOCHROME 


Importers, 


<*H91  •  193  STI\T£StreeIr*§ 


GARMENTS /^V 

^.-Specialty.  L^j^ 


We  Ht\vl 
everything 

^  FURS 


Tervemos  completo  5urti<lo  de(odo  en  es|_e  i^AM©^ 
Expe&imos  (aJ(alogo5,(omprdmo^j/  veixdemo^ 


0 


7£ 

r 


L 


&MILE  ftUBER-^@> 


Medal,  Pan's, 
Gold  Medal,  Pari?,  - 
Gold  Medal,  Paris, 
Gold  Medal,  Paris,  - 
Prize  Medal,  London, 
Medal,  New  Yorlc, 


Cross  of  the  Legion  of  Honor,  Paris  International  Exhibition.  1878. 
And  highest  Gold  Medal  bestowed  on  Silk  Hat 
Plushes,  Exposition  Universelle  Paris,  1889 

SCHORBSTENE;  PRERE5, 

153 ,  MERQER^,  STREET,  NEWARK . 


PMOrOCMROHl 


COLLINS  Hartford 

 'J^M  

Axes  X  Edge  tools,  Machetes, 
Cane  Knives,  Steel  Plows  & 
Sh  ovels. 

For  illustrated 
catalogue  address. 

Collin  s  &  Co. 
212 -Water  St  New  York  U.S.A. 

COLLINS  X  (9.,  Hartford 


Hachas  y  Herramientas  de  filo, 

Machetes  y  Cuchillos  para  Cana, 

Arados  y  Palas  de  acero. 

Para  catalogos  ilustrados 
dirijirse  a 

Collins  Sc  Co. 

212-WalerSUNfuEVAYORK  LU.deA. 


EflStfr  flUNNMC,  AND"  BE$T  JOB  W$S' 
v-^)|NTHE  WORLD.e^ 
$TE  EL  $HAFT$,$TEEL  DRAW  BAR  ARM$, 
DWELL  ON  IMPRESSION. 
Perfectly  No/SELESs.^go.°cc^sELiTTLE.^  Movement  Perfection. 

JjsKfor  oar  Best  Trade  Discounts  . 

Nuestra  Ultima  Novedad 
<^"La  Prensa  Gordon'7  <^> 

ConTodas  I  as  Mejoras  Mas  Recientes 

Fama  Universal 

Por  Ser  La  Mas  Fuerte  ,  La  Mas  Facil,  La  Mejor  cac^> 
De  C\xantas  Prensas  Haxj  En  Uso 
No  Hace  Ruido,  Movimjento  Perfecto 

YOcupaMuy  Poco  Espacio 
£e  Otorgan  De scuenlros  . 

.  Damon  y  Poets ,    Nueva  YorK. 


Arnheim's 

NEW  BUILDING  &  HEADQUARTERS 

BROADWAY  &  NINTH  STREET 
NEW  YORK. 


ENTIRE  BUILDING  UTILIZED  EXCLUSIVELY  FOR 

High  Class  Tailoring 

MODERATE  PRICES. 

AQUI  SE  HABLA  ESPANOL. 
ICI  ON  PARLE  FRANCAIS. 


rtcry  Jiuieiimtt] 


31,33,35,37 
  EAST  Houston  St 

MCW  YORK 


I  Vdrc^e  ^ssortm.erv!C  6V_^ 
Carried  in  Stock  of  BooK  , 
NEWS,COVER,WRlTINQ& RULED  WRITING. 

G\  L  a  z  e  dla.  p  e  r,  j$h*a  tm  ,Pr  e  s  s  a$  i  n  d  e  r  s  B  oa  r  d  i 
Besides  All  Papers  Used  Mainly  By  Printers. 
^terioners,BooKbinders,Lil'ho^raphers,ALso 
Separ&Paper  Box  Manufaeturers  .  V; 
OddSizesOf  Paper  MadeToOrder  At  c^.  | 

,^j&hort  jfotice.G^-| 

(WW  EiMayorSurtidoDe  PapeLPara  LibrosEn Blanco  t/  III 

'f/wi     Cubi"ras-PareFscribir»SeaLiso,RaYddo,MatedCon  K 

,y  Brillo-TambienDePdjayParaPeriodicos  _  I 

//  Papel  Para  Tod*  Clase  De  Impresiones,  PapeleriaSj  J 

■  'Jy  Encuadernadores^ito^rafosYfabricantes  De  ' 

Cajas  De  Tabacos-Tamailos  a  La  OroLen.  ooc  d 

lodoPedido  Se  ejecutara'Sin  demora.  > 

Henr\j  .Lindenmeyr  EHijos. 
K^/r_^><^°  Nueva  YorK  .  Q^oC9 


Evan  G.  Sherman, 
Treasurer. 


NEW 


iajf  co., 

East 
17th 
Street 

YORK. 


ity2-  jbandapd  enamel  of  eimepiea  fop  ^i^-ela^ 

fopnitape-  and  interior3  deeopabion<j>. 
Aad^  I r2  t'qe  mo^b  delieabe  and  pepman^nb  ^adej 

of  any  eolop. 
*\ap^  and  ^epabe^  can  k>e  pemoVed  p^pfeebPy 

and  v/itr?  ea<^- 
i^e   keaabifal    pavilion  of    ^nox,    bf^  ^Habb^p, 
ab  br^  Colombian    Exposition,  V/aj  enameled 
k>y  ir^  Pav/^onamel  Company. 

El  mejor  esmalte  Americano  para  muebles  de  lujo  y 
idornos  de  interior  en  los  tintes  mas  delicados  y  permanentes. 

Manchas  y  aranaduras  desaparecen  por  completo  y  con 
racilidad. 

El  magnifico  Pavellon  de  Knox  el  Sombrerero,  en  la  Es- 
posicion  Colombina  de  1893,  ha  sido  esmaltado  por  La  Com- 
Dania  Dawsonamel. 


2  West1^h  Street,  cor.  5™  Ave 
3  8  east  12  th  "   "  near  Broadway 

jli  de  J ^LVAR AD 0,  Present .    J?. WILSON,  Manager. 


en. general . 

PUBLIC^^^^STELLANO 

flrtisbas  de  primera  cla.se  eru 

retratos.al 
I-Oleo  Pastel  y  Crayon  <^oe^>«- 


RIDENOUR  &  MORGAN 

167  NORTH  HIGH  STREET 
COLUMBUS,  OHIO. 


Sole  Agents 
For  The  Sale  Of 

Knox9  World 

Renowned  Hats. 


PROVIDENCE. 

Just  as  a  mother,  with  sweet,  pious  face, 

Yearns  towards  her  little  children  from  her  seat, 

Gives  one  a  kiss,  another  an  embrace, 

Takes  this  upon  her  knees,  that  upon  her  feet; 

And  while  from  actions,  looks,  complaints,  pretences, 
She  learns  their  feelings  and  their  various  will, 
To  this  a  look,  to  that  a  word,  dispenses, 
And,  whether  stern  or  smiling,  loves  them  still; 

So  Providence  for  us,  high,  infinite, 

Makes  our  necessities  its  watchful  task, 
Hearkens  to  all  our  prayers,  helps  all  our  wants, 

And  even  if  it  denies  what  seems  our  right, 

Either  denies  because  '  t  would  have  us  ask, 
Or  seems  but  to  deny,  or  in  denying  grants. 


FILICAJA. 


INTIMATIONS  OF  IMMORTALITY. 

Our  birth  is  but  a  sleep  and  a  forgetting: 
The  Soul  that  rises  with  us,  our  life's  Star, 

Hath  had  elsewhere  its  setting, 

And  cometh  from  afar: 

Not  in  entire  forgetfulness, 

And  not  in  utter  nakedness 
But  trailing  clouds  of  glory,  do  we  come 

From  God,  who  is  our  home: 
Heaven  lies  about  us  in  our  infancy! 
Shades  of  the  prison-house  begin  to  close 

Upon  the  growing  Boy, 
But  he  beholds  the  light,  and  whence  it  flows, 

He  sees  it  in  his  joy; 
The  Youth,  who  daily  farther  from  the  east 

Must  travel,  still  is  Nature's  Priest, 

And  by  the  vision  splendid 

Is  on  his  way  attended; 
At  length  the  man  perceives  it  die  away, 
And  fade  into  the  light  of  common  day. 


WORDSWORTH. 


NATURE 


As  a  fond  mother,  when  the  day  is  o'er, 
Leads  by  the  hand  her  little  child  to  bed, 
Half  willing,  half  reluctant  to  be  led, 
And  leave  his  broken  playthings  on  the  floor, 

Still  gazing  at  them  through  the  open  door, 
Nor  wholly  reassured  and  comforted 
By  promises  of  others  in  their  stead, 
Which,  though  more  splendid,  may  not  please  him  more 

So  nature  deals  with  us,  and  takes  away 

Our  playthings  one  by  one,  and  by  the  hand 
Leads  us  to  rest  so  gently,  that  we  go 

Scarce  knowing  if  we  wish  to  go  or  stay, 
Being  too  full  of  sleep  to  understand 
How  far  the  unknown  transcends  the  what  we  know. 

LONGFELLOW. 


rasp 

0^H0EST    Most  Complete 


Grandest.* 


BP 


ORL0 

Avenues 

N.Y, 


Retail  Stores?  5 

x2i^  ifoddwflyt  Mew  York. 
194  Fifth  Ave.  Hew  York. 

340  Fulton  SfreeT,  Brooklyn.  ' 
191  <  193  State  St  Chicago. 


fiGSNTMs^LW  Dry  oftheGkiteo  States. 


